scholarly journals A Mineral By-Product from Gasification of Poultry Feathers for Removing Cd from Highly Contaminated Synthetic Wastewater

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1048
Author(s):  
Zygmunt Mariusz Gusiatin ◽  
Jurate Kumpiene ◽  
Sylwia Janiszewska ◽  
Sławomir Kasiński ◽  
Mariusz Pecio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Surface Precipitation ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Poultry Feather ◽  
Cd Removal

Ash from poultry feather gasification was investigated as an adsorbent for Cd removal from synthetic wastewater under a range of operational conditions: initial pH (2–8) and salinity (8–38 mS/cm) of wastewater, ash dosage (2.5–50 g/L), Cd concentration (25–800 mg/L) and contact time (5–720 min). The ash was highly alkaline and had low surface area and micropores averaging 1.12 nm in diameter. Chemical/mineralogical analysis revealed a high content of P2O5 (39.9 wt %) and CaO (35.5 wt %), and the presence of calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite and calcium. It contained only trace amounts of heavy metals, BTEX, PAHs and PCBs, making it a safe mineral by-product. Cd adsorption was described best with Langmuir and pseudo-second order models. At pH 5, an ash dosage of 5 g/L, 40 min contact time and 100 mg Cd/L, 99% of Cd was removed from wastewater. The salinity did not affect Cd sorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cd was very high (126.6 mg/g). Surface precipitation was the main mechanism of Cd removal, possibly accompanied by ion exchange between Cd and Ca, coprecipitation of Cd with Ca-mineral components and Cd complexation with phosphate surface sites. Poultry ash effectively removes high concentrations of toxic Cd from wastewater.

scholarly journals Removal of phenol from wastewater using activated waste tea leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin Kazmi ◽  
Anwar R. Saleemi ◽  
Nadeem Feroze ◽  
Amir Yaqoob ◽  
Syed Waqas Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Synthetic Solution ◽  
Solution Kinetic ◽  
Waste Tea ◽  
Initial Phenol Concentration

This investigation enumerates the treatment of phenol contaminated synthetic wastewater by Activated Waste Tea Leaves (AWTL). Phosphoric acid was used for the modification of waste tea leaves. The effects of initial pH, biosorbent dose, contact time, and initial phenol concentration were studied on the phenol uptake from the synthetic solution. Kinetic modelling was performed using pseudo 1st and 2nd order kinetics. The Langmuir and Freundlich’s Models were employed to interpret the AWTL behaviour at various mass transfer gradients. The results show that the optimum values for pH, biosorbent dose and contact time were 2.2 g/L and 180 minutes, respectively. Pseudo 2nd order kinetic and the Langmuir’s Models best described the kinetic and equilibrium behaviours, respectively.

scholarly journals Sorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ on Aragonite Synthesized from Eggshell

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulit Habte ◽  
Natnael Shiferaw ◽  
Mohd Danish Khan ◽  
Thenepalli Thriveni ◽  
Ji Whan Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Surface Precipitation ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
High Sorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In the present work, waste eggshells were used as a precursor for the synthesis of aragonite crystals through the wet carbonation method. Cadmium (Cd2+) and lead (Pb2+) were removed by the synthesized aragonite from synthetic wastewater. The influence of initial solution pH, contact time, Cd2+ and Pb2+ concentration, and sorbent dosage were evaluated. The major sorption was observed in the first 100 mins and 360 mins for Pb2+and Cd2+ respectively reaching sorption equilibrium at 720 mins (12 hr). The sorption capacity toward Pb2+ was much higher than toward Cd2+. Both heavy metals displayed high sorption capacities at initial pH 6. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fits well with the experimental data with a higher correlation coefficient R2. Two isotherm models were also evaluated for the best fit with the experimental data obtained. Langmuir isotherm best fits the sorption of the metals on aragonite synthesized from eggshells. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results of sorbent after sorption showed that the mechanism of sorption was dominated by surface precipitation. Therefore, aragonite crystals synthesized from waste eggshells can be a potential substitute source for the removal of Cd2+ and Pb2+ from contaminated water.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Cd(II) in water by mesoporous ceramic functional nanomaterials

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 182195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongjun Xue ◽  
Na Liu ◽  
Hongxiang Hu ◽  
Jieying Huang ◽  
Yusef Kianpoor Kalkhajeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Functional Nanomaterials ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cd Removal ◽  
Oscillation Rate

Mesoporous ceramic functional nanomaterials (MCFN) is a self-assembled environmental adsorbent with a monolayer molecular which is widely used in the treatment of industrial wastewater and contaminated soil. This work aimed to study the relationship between the adsorption behaviour of Cd(II) by MCFN and contact time, initial concentration, MCFN dosage, pH, oscillation rate and temperature through a batch adsorption method. The adsorption kinetic and isotherm behaviours were well described by the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. The batch characterization technique revealed that MCFN had several oxygen-containing functional groups. Using Langmuir model, the maximum adsorption capacity of MCFN for Cd(II) was 97.09 mg g −1 at pH 6, 25°C, dosage of 0.2 g and contact time of 180 min. Thermodynamic study indicated that the present adsorption process was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic at the temperature range of 25–55°C. The results of this study provide an important enlightenment for Cd removal or preconcentration of porous ceramic nanomaterial adsorbents for environmental applications.

Ureolytic phosphate precipitation from anaerobic effluents

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1983-1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Desmidt ◽  
W. Verstraete ◽  
J. Dick ◽  
B. D. Meesschaert ◽  
M. Carballa
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Constant Ph ◽  
High Concentrations

In this work, the elimination of phosphate from industrial anaerobic effluents was evaluated at lab-scale. For that purpose, the ureolytic method previously developed for the precipitation of Ca2 +  from wastewater as calcite was adapted for the precipitation of phosphate as struvite. In the first part of the study, computer simulations using MAPLE and PHREEQC were performed to model phosphate precipitation from wastewater as struvite. The results obtained showed that relative high concentrations of ammonium and magnesium are needed to precipitate phosphate as struvite. The total molar concentrations ratio of Mg2 + :PO43−-P:NH4+ required to decrease PO43−-P concentrations from 20 to 6 mg PO43−-P/l at pH 8.4-8.5 was estimated on 4.6:1:8. In the second part of the study, lab-scale experiments with either synthetic wastewater or the anaerobic effluent from a vegetable processing industry were carried out in batch and continuous mode. Overall, the continuous operation at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2.4 h and an added molar concentration [Mg2 + ]:[PO43−-P]:[NH4+] ratio of 1.6:1:2.3 resulted in a constant pH value in the reactor (around 8.5) and an efficient phosphate removal (>90%) to residual levels of 1–2 mg PO43−-P/l. Different operational conditions, such as the initial phosphate concentration, HRT and the use of CaCl2 or MgO instead of MgCl2, were analysed and the performance of the reactor was satisfactory under a broad range of them. Yet, overall, optimal results (higher phosphate removal) were obtained with MgCl2.

scholarly journals Optimizing the Biosorption Behavior of Ludwigia stolonifera in the Removal of Lead and Chromium Metal Ions from Synthetic Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6390
Author(s):  
Yasser A. El-Amier ◽  
Ashraf Elsayed ◽  
Mohamed A. El-Esawi ◽  
Ahmed Noureldeen ◽  
Hadeer Darwish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Static Condition ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Batch Mode

In this study, a natural low-coast, efficient, and eco- bio-sorbent plant material (Ludwigia stolonifera), with both parts of the root and shoot, were studied for the removal of the cationic metal ions, lead Pb2+ and chromium Cr6+, via batch mode experiments to evaluate their maximum adsorption capacity, and held a comparison between the used bio-sorbent roots and shoots, based on the highest bio-sorption potential. Optimization of the bio-sorption parameters, such as contact time, pH, bio-sorbent (root and shoot) dosage, and initial ion concentration was conducted. The results indicated that 1.6 g of the used bio-sorbent shoot material removed 81.4% of Pb2+, and 77% of Cr6+ metal ions from liquid media under the conditions of 100 ppm of initial metal ions concentration at room temperature for 60 min of contact time with the static condition. Different isotherms and kinetic models were fit to the experimental data to understand the nature of the bio-sorption process. The experimental data were best fit by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999), which reveals the chemisorption nature of the bio-sorption process. The chemical and structural analysis of the used bio-sorbent, before and after Cr6+ and Pb2+ bio-sorption, were performed using different techniques of characterization, such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The used bio-sorbent proved to be a low-cost, efficient, and eco-friendly material to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Chromium(VI) on Radiation Grafted N,N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate onto Polypropylene, from Aqueous Solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermina Burillo ◽  
Juan Serrano-Gómez ◽  
Juan Bonifacio-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Ion Adsorption ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Chromium Adsorption

Polypropylene (PP) grafted with dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate (DMAEMA), was prepared by irradiation with a <sup>60</sup>Co γ source. The obtained PP-<em>g</em>-DMAEMA was used to study the Cr(VI) ion adsorption as a function of contact time, initial pH, initial concentration of metal ion and temperature. Chromium adsorption data on PP-<em>g</em>-DMAEMA at various initial concentration fit well the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacity (a<sub>max</sub>) was found to be 0.3103 × 0<sup>-4</sup> mol g<sup>-1</sup>. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH<sup>0</sup>, ΔG<sup>0</sup> and ΔS<sup>0</sup> were estimated showing the adsorption process to be exothermic and spontaneous.

scholarly journals Al (III) removal from wastewaters by natural clay and coconut shell

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Natural Clay ◽  
Initial Ph

<p>This paper describes the adsorption of Al3+ ions from aqueous solutions, by natural clay (from Sakarya's Yenigün district) and coconut shell modified by means of acid treatment. Batch experiments were carried out to determine the effect of various factors such as initial pH (4-9), temperature (20, 40, 70 oC), initial concentration (10 to 200 mg L-1) and contact time (1-120 minute) on the adsorption process. The adsorption experiments were performed at a temperature of 20 ±2 oC), at 200 rpm agitation rate, with an adsorbent level of 1 g L-1, produced 98.95% (at pH 6) and 92.83% (at pH 7) maximum Al3+ removal efficiency for clay and coconut shell based adsorbents respectively. Furthermore, the process was found to be exothermic for clay and endothermic for coconut. XRF and XRD analyses of the clay variety used in adsorption analyses revealed it to be saponite clay, within the larger group of smectite clay minerals. The application of Langmuir revealed maximum adsorption capacity of 149.25 mg g-1 for natural clay adsorbent (NCA), and 120.482 mg g-1 for coconut shell adsorbent (CSA). Moreover, adsorption kinetics were found to be consistent with the second order kinetics (R2 &gt; 0.95). The result shows that, natural clay and coconut shell adsorbents are effective adsorbents to remove Al3+ from aqueous solutions with good adsorption rate (&gt;92.8%).</p>

scholarly journals Removal of metronidazole antibiotic from aqueous solution by ammonia-modified activated carbon: adsorption isotherm and kinetic study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmadfazeli ◽  
Yousef Poureshgh ◽  
Yousef Rashtbari ◽  
Hamed Akbari ◽  
Peyman Pourali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Modified Activated Carbon ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

Abstract This article was aimed at investigating the removal of metronidazole (MNZ) from aquatic solutions by modified activated carbon (MAC) with amine groups. The effect of various parameters on the adsorption rate such as the initial pH, adsorbent dose and initial concentration of MNZ and contact time were scrutinized. MAC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller techniques. The obtained results illustrated that under the optimum conditions (pH = 3, contact time = 50 min, initial MNZ concentration = 5 mg/L and MAC dose = 0.5 g/L), the maximum adsorption efficiency was 95%. Furthermore, the kinetic studies indicated the applicability of the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, whereas the adsorption isotherm fitted well with the Freundlich model (0.996), and the maximum adsorption capacity was 66.22 mg/g. The SBET and the total pure volume of MAC were 706.92 m2/g and 0.532 cm3/g, respectively. Also, the regeneration tests demonstrated that MAC had good stability after five cycles (73%). It can be concluded that MAC, as an effective adsorbent, has a high ability to remove MNZ from aqueous solutions.

Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solutions Using Clay from Calumbi Geological Formation, N. Sra. Socorro, SE State, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 912 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C.T. Rezende ◽  
V.H.S. Ramos ◽  
H.A. Oliveira ◽  
Rosane Maria Pessoa Betânio Oliveira ◽  
E. Jesus
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Geological Formation ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model

Conventional processes for heavy metal removal are costly. Natural and modified clay with quaternary ammonium salt were used as adsorbent for the removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions. Clays were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR, thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Cr (VI) determination was conducted by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, using complexation with 1,5-diphenylcarbazide. Absorbance was measured at the wavelength of 540 nm. The experiments were conducted at 25 ± 1 °C; initial Cr (VI) concentration of 4 to 25 mg L-1; initial pH of 2, agitation of 150 rpm; contact time of 120 minutes and clay mass of 0.1 g. Natural and modified clays exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 2.548 mg g-1 and 17.24 mg g-1, respectively, in accordance with the Langmuir isotherm model. X-ray diffraction analysis of clay indicated that the sample consists mainly of kaolinite and montmorillonite.

scholarly journals Water Solution Polishing of Nitrate Using Potassium permanganate Modified Zeolite: Parametric experiments, kinetics and equilibrium analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-558 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Equilibrium Analysis ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Kinetic Evaluation ◽  
Modified Zeolite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

<div> <p>In the present study, adsorption potential of potassium permanganate (Hypermangan) modified zeolite was investigated for the removal of nitrate from synthetic wastewater. Effects of the most significant parameters (pH, adsorbent dose, nitrate concentration and contact time) were initially evaluated based on the percentage of nitrate removed from the water solutions. Over 90 % removal of 150 mg L<sup>-1</sup> nitrate was achieved at an optimum pH of 5, adsorbent dose of 2g L<sup>-1</sup> after a 60 min contact time. The chemical and morphological characterizations of Hypermangan modified zeolite (HMZ) were carried out by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis methods. Kinetic evaluation indicated that the nitrate adsorption onto HMZ followed the pseudo-first-order model. The equilibrium data assessment illustrated the removal of nitrate by HMZ follows a Langmuir model which attains the maximum adsorption capacity 6.7 mg g<sup>-1</sup>.The mean free energy of adsorption was 0.15 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>, which indicates the adsorption of nitrate onto HMZ, occurs through a physical mechanism.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document