scholarly journals High Performance Liquid Chromatography Determination and Optimization of the Extraction Process for the Total Alkaloids from Traditional Herb Stephania cepharantha Hayata

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Xiao ◽  
Yingni Pan ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Xia Wang ◽  
Yueqing Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Antitumor Agents ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Macroporous Adsorption Resins ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

Stephania cepharantha Hayata is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used to treat lung cancer, and its alkaloids, especially cepharanthine (CEP), were reported to be its effective ingredients. Therefore, the extraction of potential antitumor ingredients from the plant was of interest. We first explored the optimized solvent extraction of antitumor agents from S. cepharantha Hayata guided by an in vitro antitumor activity assay. The solvent for extraction and its concentration, the liquid to material ratio, extraction duration, particle size, macerating time, and the frequency of extraction were investigated using a single-factor experiment. An orthogonal design (L9, 34) was constructed to determine the suitable extraction conditions. The crude extract was then purified sequentially by macroporous adsorption resins (MR) for the enrichment of CEP. Under these optimal conditions, the yield of total alkaloids in the herbs was 3.4%, whereas the CEP content was 2.9%. Total alkaloids exhibited significant anti-proliferative activities in the A549 cell line. Our study provides means for the further development and use of the antitumor components from S. cepharantha, which has potential for application in the pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals Optimization of sunflower head pectin extraction by ammonium oxalate and the effect of drying conditions on properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemei Ma ◽  
Jiayi Yu ◽  
Jing Jing ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Liyong Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

AbstractPectin is a kind of natural and complex carbohydrates which is extensively used in food, chemical, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Fresh sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) heads were utilized as a novel source of pectin extracted by ammonium oxalate. The conditions of the extraction process were optimized implementing the response surface methodology. Under optimal extraction parameters (extraction time 1.34 h, liquid–solid ratio 15:1 mL/g, ammonium oxalate concentration 0.76% (w/v)), the maximum experimental yield was 7.36%. The effect of spray-drying and freeze-drying on the physiochemical properties, structural characteristics, and antioxidant activities was investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy, high performance size exclusion chromatography, and X-ray diffraction. The results showed freeze-drying lead to decrease in galacturonic acid (GalA) content (76.2%), molecular weight (Mw 316 kDa), and crystallinity. The antioxidant activities of pectin were investigated utilizing the in-vitro DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging systems. This study provided a novel and efficient extraction method of sunflower pectin, and confirmed that different drying processes had an effect on the structure and properties of pectin.

scholarly journals Extraction, Characterization and Antioxidant Activity in vitro of Proteins from Semen Allii Fistulosi

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3235
Author(s):  
Min Zuo ◽  
Xiao-xiao Liu ◽  
Di Liu ◽  
Hang-yun Zhao ◽  
Lu-lu Xuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Sds Page

Semen Allii Fistulosi (PSAF) is the seed of Allium fistulosum L. of the Liliaceae family. The purpose of this study was to extract, characterize, and evaluate the antioxidant activity in vitro of proteins. Using single factor and orthogonal design, the optimum conditions of extraction were determined to be as follows: extraction time 150 min, pH 8.5, temperature 60 °C, and ratio (v/w, mL/g) of extraction solvent to raw material 35. The isoelectric point of the pH was determined to be about 4.4 and 10.2, by measuring the protein content of PSAF solutions at different pH values. The amino acid composition of PSAF was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the results suggested that the species of amino acids contained in the PSAF was complete. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) analysis showed the molecular weight was mainly between 40 and 55 kDa, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterized prevalent protein absorption peaks. PSAF exhibited potent scavenging activities against DPPH assays, via targeting of hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, while chelating Fe2+ activity and demonstrating weak reducing power. This work revealed that PSAF possessed potential antioxidant activity in vitro, suggesting potential for use of PSAF as a natural antioxidant.

scholarly journals Extraction, Characterization and Antioxidant Activity in vitro of Proteins from Semen Allii Fistulosi

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zuo ◽  
Xiaoxiao Liu ◽  
Di Liu ◽  
Hangyun Zhao ◽  
Lulu Xuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Extraction Solvent

Semen Allii Fistulosi is the seed of Allium fistulosum L. of the Liliaceae family. The purpose of this study was to extract, characterize, and evaluate the antioxidant activity in vitro of proteins from Semen Allii Fistulosi (PSAF). Using single factor and orthogonal design, the optimum conditions of extraction were determined to be as follows: extraction time 150 min, pH 8.5, temperature 60℃, and ratio (v/w, mL/g) of extraction solvent to raw material 35. The isoelectric point of the pH was determined to be about 4.4 and 10.2, by measuring the protein content of PSAF solutions at different pH. The amino acid composition of PSAF was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the results suggested that the species of amino acids contained in the PSAF was complete. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) analysis showed the molecular weight was mainly between 40 and 55 kDa, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterized prevalent protein absorption peaks. PSAF exhibited potent scavenging activities against DPPH assays, via targeting of hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, while chelating Fe2+ activity, and demonstrating weak reducing power. This work revealed that PSAF possessed potential antioxidant activity in vitro, suggesting potential for use of PSAF as a natural antioxidant.

scholarly journals Screening of Extraction Process and The Estimation of Total Alkaloids in Carica papaya Linn. Leaf

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Sisca Devi ◽  
Meri Ropiqa ◽  
Yosi Bayu Murti ◽  
Akhmad Kharis Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Layer Chromatography

The papaya leaf decoctions have been widely used as a traditional treatment for malaria. The alkaloid of papaya leaves, carpaine, is reported to have the antiplasmodial activity in vitro. The industrial-scale commercial product development requires the quantification of the carpaine, and total alkaloids in the papaya leave as the raw materials. This study aims to optimize the extraction process leading to the highest yield and total alkaloids. The extraction process was carried out using different methods and solvents. The first method was maceration with the water-miscible solvent of ethanol: distilled water: HCl 37% (89: 10: 1 v/v/v). The second method was maceration with the water-immiscible solvent of dichloromethane solvents in pH 8-9 with ammonium hydroxide. The third method was digestion with acid water solvent of 0.05 N HCl. The identification of alkaloids employed the analysis using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Dragendroff reagent. The quantification of carpaine used a densitometer, while the spectrophotometric method was used to estimate the total alkaloids. The results showed that despite the extraction methods used, the tested extracts confirm the alkaloids content with the highest yield of 3.09% (84.72% of total alkaloids).

scholarly journals Antitumor Activities of Kushen: Literature Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyu Sun ◽  
Hongyan Cao ◽  
Lin Sun ◽  
Shu Dong ◽  
Yanqin Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Agents ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Sophora Flavescens ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use

To discover and develop novel natural compounds with therapeutic selectivity or that can preferentially kill cancer cells without significant toxicity to normal cells is an important area in cancer chemotherapy. Kushen, the dried roots ofSophora flavescensAiton, has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammatory diseases and cancer. Kushen alkaloids (KS-As) and kushen flavonoids (KS-Fs) are well-characterized components in kushen. KS-As containing oxymatrine, matrine, and total alkaloids have been developed in China as anticancer drugs. More potent antitumor activities were identified in KS-Fs than in KS-Asin vitroandin vivo. KS-Fs may be developed as novel antitumor agents.

Carbon “quantum” dots for bioapplications

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022110575
Author(s):  
Dekai Yuan ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Liju Yang ◽  
Jesse L Quimby ◽  
Ya-Ping Sun
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Fluorescence Probes ◽  
Antimicrobial Function ◽  
Further Development

Carbon “quantum” dots or carbon dots (CDots) exploit and enhance the intrinsic photoexcited state properties and processes of small carbon nanoparticles via effective nanoparticle surface passivation by chemical functionalization with organic species. The optical properties and photoinduced redox characteristics of CDots are competitive to those of established conventional semiconductor quantum dots and also fullerenes and other carbon nanomaterials. Highlighted here are major advances in the exploration of CDots for their serving as high-performance yet nontoxic fluorescence probes for one- and multi-photon bioimaging in vitro and in vivo, and for their uniquely potent antimicrobial function to inactivate effectively and efficiently some of the toughest bacterial pathogens and viruses under visible/natural or ambient light conditions. Opportunities and challenges in the further development of the CDots platform and related technologies are discussed.

Co-purification of bone resorbing activity and adenylate cyclase stimulating activity from human tumours associated with the humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chohei Shigeno ◽  
Itsuo Yamamoto ◽  
Shegiharu Dokoh ◽  
Megumu Hino ◽  
Jun Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Protein Factor ◽  
Human Tumours ◽  
Acid Stable ◽  
Bone Resorbing Activity

Abstract. We have partially purified a tumour factor capable of stimulating both bone resorption in vitro and cAMP accumulation in osteoblastic ROS 17/2 cells from three human tumours associated with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy. Purification of tumour factor by sequential acid urea extraction, gel filtration and cation-exchange chromatography, reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography followed by analytical isoelectric focussing provided a basic protein (pI > 9.3) with a molecular weight of approximately 13 000 as a major component of the final preparation which retained both the two bioactivities. Bone resorbing activity and cAMP-increasing activity in purified factor correlated with each other. cAMP-increasing activity of the factor was heat- and acid-stable, but sensitive to alkaline ambient pH. Treatment with trypsin destroyed cAMP-increasing activity of the factor. Synthetic parathyroid hormone (PTH) antagonist, human PTH-(3– 34) completely inhibited the cAMP-increasing activity of the factor. The results suggest that this protein factor, having its effects on both osteoclastic and osteoblastic functions, may be involved in development of enhanced bone resorption in some patients with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy.

Vitamin D as potential therapeutic anticancer agent

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Anticancer Agent ◽  
Antitumor Agents ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents

The role of vitamin D is implicated in carcinogenesis through numerous biological processes like induction of apoptosis, modulation of immune system inhibition of inflammation and cell proliferation and promotion of cell differentiation. Its use as additional adjuvant drug with cancer treatment may be novel combination for improved outcome of different cancers. Numerous preclinical, epidemiological and clinical studies support the role of vitamin D as an anticancer agent. Anticancer properties of vitamin D have been studied widely (both in vivo and in vitro) among various cancers and found to have promising results. There are considerable data that indicate synergistic potential of calcitriol and antitumor agents. Possible mechanisms for modulatory anticancer activity of vitamin D include its antiproliferative, prodifferentiating, and anti-angiogenic and apoptic properties. Calcitriol reduces invasiveness and metastatic potential of many cancer cells by inhibiting angiogenesis and regulating expression of the key molecules involved in invasion and metastasis. Anticancer activity of vitamin D is synergistic or additive with the antineoplastic actions of several drugs including cytotoxic chemotherapy agents like paclitaxel, docetaxel, platinum base compounds and mitoxantrone. Benefits of addition of vitamin D should be weighed against the risk of its toxicity.

Development and Characterization Colchicine-Loaded PEGylated Gelatin Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery to Tumor

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2058-2063
Author(s):  
G D Chandrethiya ◽  
P K Shelat ◽  
M N Zaveri
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Antitumoral Activity ◽  
Gelatin Nanoparticles

PEGylated gelatin nanoparticles loaded with colchicine were prepared by ethanol precipitation method. Poly-(ethylene glycol)-5000-monomethylether (MPEG 5000), a hydrophilic polymer, was used to pegylate gelatin.  Gluteraldehyde was used as cross-linking agent. To obtain a high quality product, major formulation parameters were optimized.  Spherical particles with mean particles of 193 nm were measured by a Malvern particle size analyzer. Entrapment efficiency was found to be 71.7 ± 1.4% and determined with reverse phase high performance liquid charomatography (RP-HPLC). The in vitro drug release study was performed by dialysis bag method for a period of 168 hours. Lyophilizaton study showed sucrose at lower concentrations proved the best cryoprotectant for this formulation.  Stability study revealed that lyophilized nanoparticles were equally effective (p < 0.05) after one year of storage at 2-8°C with ambient humidity. In vitro antitumoral activity was accessed using the MCF-7 cell line by MTT assay.  The IC50 value was found to be 0.034 μg/ml for the prepared formulation. The results indicate that PEGylated gelatin nanoparticles could be utilized as a potential drug delivery for targeted drug delivery of tumors.  

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