scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Potential Biological Activities of Essential Oil from Rice Leaf

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Truong Minh ◽  
Tran Xuan ◽  
Truong Van ◽  
Yusuf Andriana ◽  
Tran Viet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Methyl Ricinoleate ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Rice Leaf ◽  
Rice Leaves

Although many investigations on phytochemicals in rice plant parts and root exudates have been conducted, information on the chemical profile of essential oil (EO) and potent biological activities has been limited. In this study, chemical compositions of rice leaf EO and in vitro biological activities were investigated. From 1.5 kg of fresh rice leaves, an amount of 20 mg EO was obtained by distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), electrospray ionization (ESI), and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) to reveal the presence of twelve volatile constituents, of which methyl ricinoleate (27.86%) was the principal compound, followed by palmitic acid (17.34%), and linolenic acid (11.16%), while 2-pentadecanone was the least (2.13%). Two phytoalexin momilactones A and B were first time identified in EO using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-MS) (9.80 and 4.93 ng/g fresh weight, respectively), which accounted for 7.35% and 3.70% of the EO, respectively. The assays of DPPH (IC50 = 73.1 µg/mL), ABTS (IC50 = 198.3 µg/mL), FRAP (IC50 = 700.8 µg/mL) and β-carotene oxidation (LPI = 79%) revealed that EO possessed an excellent antioxidant activity. The xanthine oxidase assay indicated that the anti-hyperuricemia potential was in a moderate level (IC50 = 526 µg/mL) as compared with the standard allopurinol. The EO exerted potent inhibition on growth of Raphanus sativus, Lactuca sativa, and two noxious weeds Echinochloa crus-galli, and Bidens pilosa, but in contrast, the growth of rice seedlings was promoted. Among the examined plants, the growth of the E. crus-galli root was the most inhibited, proposing that constituents found in EO may have potential for the control of the problematic paddy weed E. crus-galli. It was found that the EO of rice leaves contained rich phytochemicals, which were potent in antioxidants and gout treatment, as well as weed management. Findings of this study highlighted the potential value of rice leaves, which may provide extra benefits for rice farmers.

scholarly journals Essential Oil ofBetula pendulaRoth. Buds

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betül Demirci ◽  
Dietrich H. Paper ◽  
Fatih Demirci ◽  
K. Hüsnü Can Başer ◽  
Gerhard Franz
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Main Components

The essential oil ofBetula pendulaRoth. buds was obtained using both hydrodistillation and microdistillation techniques and their chemical compositions were analyzed using both gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Overall, more than 50 compounds were identified representing 80% and 92% for hydrodistillation and microdistillation, respectively. The main components (by hydrodistillation and microdistillation, respectively) found were α-copaene (12% and 10%), germacrene D (11% and 18%) and δ-cadinene (11% and 15%) in the analyzed essential oils. The microdistillation technique proved to be a useful tool and compliant alternative when compared to hydrodistillation.

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions, Mosquito Larvicidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Leaf Essential Oils of Eleven Species of Lauraceae from Vietnam

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dao Thi Minh Chau ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Chung ◽  
Le Thi Huong ◽  
Nguyen Huy Hung ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Eleven Species

The Lauraceae is a family rich in aromatic and medicinal plants. Likewise, essential oils derived from members of this family have demonstrated a myriad of biological activities. It is hypothesized that members of the Lauraceae from Vietnam will yield essential oils that may be useful in controlling mosquito populations and treating microbial infections. In this work, the leaf essential oils of eleven species of Lauraceae (Beilschmiedia erythrophloia, B. robusta, B. yunnanensis, Cryptocarya concinna, C. impressa, C. infectoria, Litsea viridis, Machilus balansa, M. grandifolia, Neolitsea ellipsoidea, and Phoebe angustifolia) have been obtained by hydrodistillation and the chemical compositions analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The essential oils were screened for larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, and for antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, and Candida albicans. The leaf essential oil of N. ellipsoidea, rich in (E)-β-ocimene (87.6%), showed excellent larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti with a 24 h LC50 of 6.59 μg/mL. The leaf essential oil of C. infectoria, dominated by germacrene D (55.5%) and bicyclogermacrene (11.4%), exhibited remarkable larvicidal activity against Cx. quinquefasciatus (48 h LC50 = 0.40 μg/mL). N. ellipsoidea leaf essential oil also demonstrated notable antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and B. cereus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 16 μg/mL, while the leaf essential oil of C. impressa showed excellent anticandidal with an MIC of 16 μg/mL. Leaf essential oils from the Lauraceae should be considered for utilization as alternative agents for controlling mosquito populations and as antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions of Commercial Essential Oils From Coriandrum sativum Fruits and Aerial Parts

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2093306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabodh Satyal ◽  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Aerial Parts

Coriander and cilantro, the fruit and herb of Coriandrum sativum, are popular additives in various cuisines worldwide. The essential oils derived from coriander and cilantro are also popular and have shown some remarkable biological properties and health benefits. In this report, we have analyzed the essential oil compositions of 19 commercial coriander and 28 commercial cilantro essential oil samples by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) techniques. In addition, 5 coriander and 4 cilantro commercial essential oil samples were analyzed by chiral GC–MS. Commercial coriander essential oil is dominated by linalool (62.2%-76.7%) with lesser quantities of α-pinene (0.3%-11.4%), γ-terpinene (0.6%-11.6%), and camphor (0.0%-5.5%). Commercial cilantro essential oil is composed largely of (2 E)-decenal (16.0%-46.6%), linalool (11.8%-29.8%), (2 E)-decen-1-ol (0.0%-24.7%), decanal (5.2%-18.7%), (2 E)-dodecenal (4.1%-8.7%), and 1-decanol (0.0%-9.5%). The enantiomeric distribution of linalool was 87% (+)-linalool:13% (−)-linalool in both coriander and cilantro essential oils, while α-pinene was 93% (+):7% (−) in coriander, 90% (+):10% (−) in cilantro; and (+)-camphor:(−)-camphor was 13%:87% in both essential oils. Chiral GC–MS analysis was able to detect an adulterated coriander essential oil sample. The data provided in this study serves to establish a baseline for future evaluations of these essential oils as well as a screen for authenticity or adulteration.

scholarly journals Biological Activities and Chemical Constituents of Essential Oils from Piper cubeba Bojer and Piper nigrum L.

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Andriana ◽  
Tran Dang Xuan ◽  
Tran Ngoc Quy ◽  
Hoang-Dung Tran ◽  
Quang-Tri Le
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Ionization Mass

In this study, we evaluated antioxidant, antihyperuricemic, and herbicidal activities of essential oils (EOs) from Piper cubeba Bojer and Piper nigrum L.; two pepper species widely distributed in tropics, and examined their chemical compositions. Dried berries of P. cubeba and P. nigrum were hydro-distilled to yield essential oil (EO) of 1.23 and 1.11% dry weight, respectively. In the antioxidant assay, the radical scavenging capacities of P. cubeba EO against DPPH and ABTS free radicals were 28.69 and 24.13% greater than P. nigrum, respectively. In the antihyperuricemic activity, P. cubeba EO also exhibited stronger inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase (IC50 = 54.87 µg/mL) than P. nigrum EO (IC50 = 77.11 µg/mL). In the herbicidal activity, P. cubeba EO showed greater inhibition on germination and growth of Bidens pilosa and Echinochloa crus-galli than P. nigrum EO. Besides, P. cubeba EO decreased 15.98–73.00% of photosynthesis pigments of B. pilosa and E. crus-galli, while electrolyte leakages, lipid peroxidations, prolines, phenolics, and flavonoids contents were increased 10.82–80.82% at 1.93 mg/mL dose. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) analyses revealed that P. nigrum and P. cubeba EOs principally possessed complex mixtures of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Terpinen-4-ol (42.41%), α-copaene (20.04%), and γ-elemene (17.68%) were the major components of P. cubeba EO, whereas β-caryophyllene (51.12%) and β-thujene (20.58%) were the dominant components of P. nigrum EO. Findings of this study suggest both P. cubeba and P. nigrum EOs were potential to treat antioxidative stress and antihyperuricemic related diseases. In addition, the EOs of the two plants may be useful to control B. pilosa and E. crus-galli, the two invasive and problematic weeds in agriculture practice.

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions of the Rhizome, Leaf and Stem Oils from Malaysian Hornstedtia leonurus

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Akmalazura Jani ◽  
Hasnah Mohd. Sirat ◽  
NorAzah Mohamad Ali ◽  
Azrina Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Major Fraction ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
First Time

The chemical compositions of the essential oil of the rhizome, leaf and stem of Hornstedtia leonurus Retz., collected from Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, are reported for the first time. The essential oils were extracted using hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Seventeen (96.4%), thirteen (89.2%) and nine components (98.8%) were successfully identified from the rhizome, stem and leaf oils, respectively. Phenylpropanoids were found to be the major fraction, with methyleugenol being the most abundant compound in all oils with percentage compositions of 76.4% (rhizome), 80.3% (stem) and 74.5% (leaf).

scholarly journals GC-MS Analysis of the Leaf Essential Oil of Ipomea Pes-caprae, a Traditional Herbal Medicine in Mauritius

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0700201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E.P. Marie ◽  
Brkic Dejan ◽  
Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

The chemical compositions of the essential oils of the fresh and dried leaves of Ipomea pes-caprae from Mauritius were studied for the first time by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 70 compounds were identified. The major components were found to be 8-cedren-13-ol (13.0%), (E)-nerolidol (7.0%), guaiol (6.2%), α-cadinol (6.2%) and limonene (6.1%) in fresh leaves and β-caryophyllene (36.6%), α-copaene (8.0%), germacrene D (7.3%), phytol (5.8%), δ-cadinene (5.7%), and α-humulene (5.4%) in the dried leaf samples. The relationship between the anti-hemorrhoidal activity of Ipomea pes-caprae, one of its traditional uses in Mauritius, and the chemical composition of the essential oil samples is also discussed.

scholarly journals Variations in the Volatile Compositions of Curcuma Species

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noura Dosoky ◽  
Prabodh Satyal ◽  
William Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Volatile Terpenoids

Curcuma species have been cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions in Asia, Australia, and South America for culinary as well as medicinal applications. The biological activities of Curcuma have been attributed to the non-volatile curcuminoids as well as to volatile terpenoids. Curcuma essential oils have demonstrated a wide variety of pharmacological properties. The objective of this work was to examine the variation in the compositions of Curcuma rhizome essential oils. In this work, the volatile oils from C. longa and C. zedoaria were obtained and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The chemical compositions of C. longa and C. zedoaria essential oils, including those reported in the literature, were analyzed by hierarchical cluster analysis. In addition, cluster analyses of the chemical compositions of C. aromatica and C. aeruginosa from the literature were also carried out. Curcuma longa volatiles were dominated by α-turmerone, curlone, ar-turmerone, β-sesquiphellandrene, α-zingiberene, germacrone, terpinolene, ar-curcumene, and α-phellandrene and showed four distinct chemical clusters. C. zedoaria rhizome oil contained 1,8-cineole, curzerenone/epi-curzerenone, α-copaene, camphor, β-caryophyllene, elemol, germacrone, curzerene, and β-elemene and showed two different chemical types. C. aromatica had three clearly defined clusters, and C. aeruginosa had three types.

scholarly journals Composition and Bioactivities of an (E)-β-Farnesene Chemotype of Chamomile (Matricaria Chamomilla) Essential Oil from Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabodh Satyal ◽  
Samon Shrestha ◽  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Breast Tumor ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Breast Tumor Cells ◽  
Mcf 7

The essential oil of Matricaria chamomilla, collected from Nepal, was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. The major components in Nepalese chamomile oil were ( E)-β-farnesene (42.2%), α-bisabolol oxide A (22.3%), ( E,E)-α-farnesene (8.3%), cis-bicycloether (5.0%), α-bisabolol oxide B (4.5%), and α-bisabolone oxide A (4.0%). A cluster analysis based on the chemical compositions of 48 samples of chamomile oil reported in the literature has revealed seven chemotypes, and the oil from Nepal represents the ( E)-β-farnesene chemotype. The chamomile oil was screened for antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger, and toxicity toward MCF-7 breast tumor cells, Artemia salina, Chaoborus plumicornis, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Drosophila melanogaster.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF GARCINIA MANGOSTANA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jebalsy Lalitha ◽  
Prince Clarance P ◽  
Jerin Sales T ◽  
Mary Archana A ◽  
Agastian P
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana

  Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of different solvent extracts of Garcinia mangostana leaves.Methods: The powdered leaf was subjected to sequential extraction using hexane, ethyl acetate (EA), and methanol. The extracts were subjected to quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. The best solvent extract was subjected to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.Results: The highest activity was recorded in EA extract which was subjected to GC-MS analysis revealing the presence of squalene (17.09%).Conclusion: From this present study, we conclude that EA is the best solvent for extracting antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds from the leaves of G. mangostana.

Chemical composition and biological activities of Dipterocarpus cornutus Dyer essential oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh ◽  
Shamsul Khamis ◽  
Muhammad Nurakmal Abdul Rahman ◽  
Mohd Azlan Nafiah
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe design of this study was developed to examine the chemical composition, anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory inhibitory activities of the essential oil of Dipterocarpus cornutus Dyer from Malaysia. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the essential oil revealed 20 components, representing 94.6% of the oil. The major components identified were α-gurjunene (50.6%), α-selinene (8.3%), spathulenol (5.7%), and bicyclogermacrene (5.4%). Anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory activity were also evaluated using the Ellman method and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme, respectively, in which the essential oil revealed weak inhibitory activity against the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (I%: 30.2%) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (I%: 32.5%), while moderate inhibitory activity was reported in the LOX (I%: 70.2%). The approach adopted in this study and results are reported for the first time which could be useful for the characterization, pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications of the essential oil from Dipterocarpus genus.

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