scholarly journals Polymeric Co-Delivery Systems in Cancer Treatment: An Overview on Component Drugs’ Dosage Ratio Effect

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayi Pan ◽  
Kobra Rostamizadeh ◽  
Nina Filipczak ◽  
Vladimir Torchilin
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Individual Therapy ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Anti Cancer

Multiple factors are involved in the development of cancers and their effects on survival rate. Many are related to chemo-resistance of tumor cells. Thus, treatment with a single therapeutic agent is often inadequate for successful cancer therapy. Ideally, combination therapy inhibits tumor growth through multiple pathways by enhancing the performance of each individual therapy, often resulting in a synergistic effect. Polymeric nanoparticles prepared from block co-polymers have been a popular platform for co-delivery of combinations of drugs associated with the multiple functional compartments within such nanoparticles. Various polymeric nanoparticles have been applied to achieve enhanced therapeutic efficacy in cancer therapy. However, reported drug ratios used in such systems often vary widely. Thus, the same combination of drugs may result in very different therapeutic outcomes. In this review, we investigated polymeric co-delivery systems used in cancer treatment and the drug combinations used in these systems for synergistic anti-cancer effect. Development of polymeric co-delivery systems for a maximized therapeutic effect requires a deeper understanding of the optimal ratio among therapeutic agents and the natural heterogenicity of tumors.

Lipid-Coated Nanosized Drug Delivery Systems For An Effective Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozge Esim ◽  
Canan Hascicek
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Coated Nanoparticle

: Currently, despite many active compounds have been introduced to the treatment, cancer remains one of the most vital causes of mortality and reduced quality of life. Conventional cancer treatments may have undesirable consequences due to the continuously differentiating, dynamic and heterogeneous nature of cancer. Recent advances in the field of cancer treatment have promoted the development of several novel nanoformulations. Among them, the lipid coated nanosized drug delivery systems have gained an increasing attention by the researchers in this field owing to the attractive properties such as high stability and biocompatibility, prolonged circulation time, high drug loading capacity and superior in vivo efficacy. They possess the advantages of both the liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles which makes them a chosen one in the field of drug delivery and targeting. Core-shell type lipid-coated nanoparticle systems, which provide the most prominent advantages of both liposomes such as biocompatibility and polymeric/inorganic nanoparticles such as mechanic properties, offer a new approach to cancer treatment. This review discusses design and production procedures used to prepare lipid-coated nanoparticle drug delivery systems, their advantages and multifunctional role in cancer therapy and diagnosis, as well as the applications they have been used in.

Engineered polymer nanoplatforms for targeted tumor cells and controlled release cargos to enhance cancer treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenjie Wang ◽  
Longguang Tang ◽  
Qingchun Mu ◽  
Siyao Che ◽  
Yongbing Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Imaging Probes ◽  
Effective Diagnosis

: Cancer is composed of a serious of uncontrollably c ells, which finally form tumors to negatively impact the functions of the body and induce other serious diseases, even lead people to death. During the last decades, scientists devote great effort to study cancer, however there are no effective diagnosis and treatments. Nanomaterials have attracted great attention in biomedical field in recent years, which have been widely used as optical imaging probes and delivery systems for cancer therapy. Among the numerous nanomaterials, polymeric nanoparticles occupy a prominent position because of their tunable micro-size, multifunctional surface, prominent biocompatibility and high drug-carrying capacity. These significant advantages endow them over the traditional nanomaterials and become a potential therapy for cancer. In this review, we focus on the applications of polymeric nanoparticles in cancer theranostics, especially as the drug delivery systems for cancer treatment. This review provides an overview of the advancement of synthesis, application of polymeric nanoparticles-based drug delivery systems and highlights the evaluation for cancer therapy.

Bridging the Gap of Drug Delivery in Colon Cancer: The Role of Chitosan and Pectin Based Nanocarriers System

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 911-924
Author(s):  
Rohitas Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Polymer Carriers

Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases, and traditional chemotherapy has not been proven beneficial in its treatment. It ranks second in terms of mortality due to all cancers for all ages. Lack of selectivity and poor biodistribution are the biggest challenges in developing potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of colon cancer. Nanoparticles hold enormous prospects as an effective drug delivery system. The delivery systems employing the use of polymers, such as chitosan and pectin as carrier molecules, ensure the maximum absorption of the drug, reduce unwanted side effects and also offer protection to the therapeutic agent from quick clearance or degradation, thus allowing an increased amount of the drug to reach the target tissue or cells. In this systematic review of published literature, the author aimed to assess the role of chitosan and pectin as polymer-carriers in colon targeted delivery of drugs in colon cancer therapy. This review summarizes the various studies employing the use of chitosan and pectin in colon targeted drug delivery systems.

scholarly journals Microbes as Medicines: Harnessing the Power of Bacteria in Advancing Cancer Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti S. Sawant ◽  
Suyash M. Patil ◽  
Vivek Gupta ◽  
Nitesh K. Kunda
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Tumor Environment ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Hypoxic Tumor

Conventional anti-cancer therapy involves the use of chemical chemotherapeutics and radiation and are often non-specific in action. The development of drug resistance and the inability of the drug to penetrate the tumor cells has been a major pitfall in current treatment. This has led to the investigation of alternative anti-tumor therapeutics possessing greater specificity and efficacy. There is a significant interest in exploring the use of microbes as potential anti-cancer medicines. The inherent tropism of the bacteria for hypoxic tumor environment and its ability to be genetically engineered as a vector for gene and drug therapy has led to the development of bacteria as a potential weapon against cancer. In this review, we will introduce bacterial anti-cancer therapy with an emphasis on the various mechanisms involved in tumor targeting and tumor suppression. The bacteriotherapy approaches in conjunction with the conventional cancer therapy can be effective in designing novel cancer therapies. We focus on the current progress achieved in bacterial cancer therapies that show potential in advancing existing cancer treatment options and help attain positive clinical outcomes with minimal systemic side-effects.

scholarly journals Ginsenoside Rg3: Potential Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Indication in Metastatic Breast Cancer

Medicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Nakhjavani ◽  
Jennifer E Hardingham ◽  
Helen M Palethorpe ◽  
Yoko Tomita ◽  
Eric Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Ginsenoside Rg3 ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Ginseng Plant

Breast cancer is still one of the most prevalent cancers and a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The key challenge with cancer treatment is the choice of the best therapeutic agents with the least possible toxicities on the patient. Recently, attention has been drawn to herbal compounds, in particular ginsenosides, extracted from the root of the Ginseng plant. In various studies, significant anti-cancer properties of ginsenosides have been reported in different cancers. The mode of action of ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) in in vitro and in vivo breast cancer models and its value as an anti-cancer treatment for breast cancer will be reviewed.

Current Nanoparticle Approaches in Nose to Brain Drug Delivery and Anticancer Therapy - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1128-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Ansari ◽  
Ill-Min Chung ◽  
Govindasamy Rajakumar ◽  
Mohammad A. Alzohairy ◽  
Mohammad N. Alomary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Brain Drug Delivery ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

: Nanoparticles (NPs) are unique may be organic or inorganic, play a vital role in the development of drug delivery targeting the central nervous system (CNS). Intranasal drug delivery has shown to be an efficient strategy with attractive application for drug delivery to the CNS related diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer 's disease and brain solid tumors. Blood brain barrier (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers are natural protective hindrances for entry of drug molecules into the CNS. Nanoparticles exhibit excellent intruding capacity for therapeutic agents and overcome protective barriers. By using nanotechnology based NPs targeted, drug delivery can be improved across BBB with discharge drugs in a controlled manner. NPs confer safe from degradation phenomenon. Several kinds of NPs are used for nose to the brain (N2B) enroute, such as lipidemic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic NPs, solid lipid NPs, dendrimers. Among them, popular lipidemic and polymeric NPs are discussed, and their participation in anti-cancer activity has also been highlighted in this review.

Progresses in microRNA Delivery Using Synthetic Nanovectors in Cancer Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (31) ◽  
pp. 3678-3696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Javanmardi ◽  
Mahmoud Reza Aghamaali ◽  
Samira Sadat Abolmaali ◽  
Ali Mohammad Tamaddon
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Pharmacological Action ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity ◽  
Microrna Delivery ◽  
Endosomal Release

MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs with key roles in gene expression. It has been revealed that aberrant expression of microRNAs is related to gene expression abnormality, and they have the potential to be used as anti-cancer drugs. However, the delivery of microRNAs is limited due to barriers, such as low uptake and insufficient endosomal release, intracellular nucleases degradation, phagocytic elimination, and renal filtration. To overcome these issues, novel delivery systems are developed for improving the efficiency of microRNAs therapy ranging from viral to synthetic; some are further developed with targeted ligands for active targeting purposes. Such delivery systems provide efficient cellular uptake and endosomal release as well as low cytotoxicity and minimum unwanted host immune response. Nevertheless, more complementary studies are warranted before being applied in human studies. This review deals with recent updates on the challenges and achievements of the various nanotechnology-based gene delivery vehicles with a special emphasis on the miRNA delivery in cancer therapy. In addition, we attempted to categorize the designed delivery systems based on miRNA therapeutic molecule. The related cellular signaling pathways and pharmacological action against cancer promotion have also been highlighted.

Applications of Aptamer-Conjugated Nanomaterials for Targeted Cancer Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijiang Xi ◽  
Bing Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Targeted Cancer Therapy ◽  
New Type ◽  
High Binding Affinity ◽  
Recognition Molecule ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Agent

Aptamer is a new-type of specific recognition molecule and is emerging as a promising therapeutic agent. The greatest advantage of aptamers is their high binding affinity and specificity towards the target. The toxicity of anticancer drugs to surrounding healthy tissues limits their clinical applications. However, nanomaterials for drug carriers can considerably improve drug efficacy while reducing toxicity, because they accumulate and release drugs at the lesion without affecting healthy tissues. As drug carriers, aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials can enhance active targeting and then release the drug into the targeted cancer cells effectively. Therefore, aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials for targeted cancer therapy constitute an evolving treatment approach with considerable potential to enhance the efficacy of cancer therapy via the delivery of therapeutic agents specific to and into the targeted tumor cells. In this paper, various aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, poly D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid, and quantum dots for targeted cancer therapy, are reviewed and their prospect as therapeutic agents is evaluated.

scholarly journals A Promising Biocompatible Platform: Lipid-Based and Bio-Inspired Smart Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Kim ◽  
Seung-Hae Kwon ◽  
Jung Choi ◽  
Aeju Lee
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Smart Systems ◽  
Tumor Microenvironments ◽  
Anti Cancer

Designing new drug delivery systems (DDSs) for safer cancer therapy during pre-clinical and clinical applications still constitutes a considerable challenge, despite advances made in related fields. Lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDSs) have emerged as biocompatible candidates that overcome many biological obstacles. In particular, a combination of the merits of lipid carriers and functional polymers has maximized drug delivery efficiency. Functionalization of LBDDSs enables the accumulation of anti-cancer drugs at target destinations, which means they are more effective at controlled drug release in tumor microenvironments (TMEs). This review highlights the various types of ligands used to achieve tumor-specific delivery and discusses the strategies used to achieve the effective release of drugs in TMEs and not into healthy tissues. Moreover, innovative recent designs of LBDDSs are also described. These smart systems offer great potential for more advanced cancer therapies that address the challenges posed in this research area.

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