scholarly journals Adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf.) Hull Extract and Active Compounds Inhibit Proliferation of Primary Human Leiomyoma Cells and Protect against Sexual Hormone-Induced Mice Smooth Muscle Hyperproliferation

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin ◽  
Shih ◽  
Yen ◽  
Chiang ◽  
Hsia
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Uterine Leiomyomas ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
High Incidence Rate ◽  
Hull Extract ◽  
Based Medicine

Uterine leiomyomas, also known as fibroids, are benign neoplasms of the uterus and have a high incidence rate in women of reproductive age. Hysterectomy or myomectomy is the initial treatment, but fibroids will recur if the patient is still exposed to similar risk factors. Therefore, developing new therapeutic strategies are urgently necessary. In this study, the anti-proliferation effects of each fraction of adlay seeds were evaluated in uterine leiomyomas, and we identified the potential phytochemical compounds. We found that the ethyl acetate fraction of adlay hull (AHE-ea) appeared to be highly efficient in the anti-proliferation of rat uterine leiomyoma ELT3 cells and primary human uterine leiomyoma (hUL) cells. The proliferation of primary human normal uterine smooth muscle (UtSMC) and normal uterine myometrial (hUM) cells were also suppressed by AHE-ea. Two phytosterols, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, were identified from AHE-ea fraction. Mice treated with AHE-ea and stigmasterol alone demonstrated reduced diethylstilbestrol/medroxyprogesterone 17-acetate (DES/MPA)-induced uterine myometrial hyperplasia, which is the critical step for the development of leiomyoma. Taken together, our results suggest that the AHE-ea fraction could be considered as a natural plant-based medicine in the prevention or treatment of uterine leiomyoma growth.

Profiling of differentially expressed genes in human uterine leiomyomas

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.-J. Lee ◽  
G. Kong ◽  
S.-H. Lee ◽  
S. B. Rho ◽  
C.-S. Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Uterine Leiomyomas ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Chip Analysis

Uterine leiomyomas are very common benign tumors resulting in clinically serious gynecological problems in women of reproductive age. Approximately, 1% of leiomyosarcoma was reported to arise in a preexisting leiomyoma. However, the molecular basis of these tumors is poorly understood. To understand the molecular changes during leiomyoma development, we profiled differentially expressed genes in ten paired leiomyoma and normal myometrial tissues using cDNA microarray chip analysis. We identified 67 genes (27 overexpressed and 40 underexpressed) which were scored as differentially expressed at least twofold in at least eight of ten patients. Eighteen of 67 genes have been already reported to be differentially expressed without their established functions in uterine leiomyoma and others have never been reported. Subsequently, the relative expression levels of representative genes from identified 67 genes were confirmed by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry and were found to be consistent with the microarray data. This study could provide a new insight into the understanding of leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma.

scholarly journals Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors in Potbellied Pigs (Sus scrofa) Resemble Human Fibroids: A Potential Animal Model

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristie Mozzachio ◽  
Keith Linder ◽  
Darlene Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Uterine Leiomyomas ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Undifferentiated Sarcoma ◽  
Uterine Tumors

Uterine leiomyomas, commonly termed fibroids, clinically affect approximately 25% of women of reproductive age in the United States, with a subclinical incidence as high as 77%. The pathogenesis of fibroid formation remains poorly understood, due in large part to the lack of a suitable animal model. This retrospective study characterizes the clinical, gross, and histopathologic features of similar, spontaneously occurring uterine tumors in potbellied pigs. Medical records available through a local Potbellied Pig Spay/Neuter Program, pig sanctuaries, and the Duchess Fund database were reviewed for evidence of reproductive disease or surgery. One-hundred and six female potbellied pigs were evaluated and uterine neoplasia was identified in 17 animals; tissues were available for 13 of these. Uterine leiomyoma was diagnosed in 11 of 13 cases, leiomyosarcoma in 1 of 13 cases, and undifferentiated sarcoma in 1 case. Pigs presented with clinical signs including abdominal distension or vaginal bleeding or were subclinical and identified during ovariohysterectomy. Tumors ranged from microscopic to 45 kg, were often multiple, and primarily involved the uterine horns. Hematoxylin and eosin and trichrome-stained sections were evaluated for morphological features of human and animal leiomyomas; immunohistochemistry to detect smooth muscle actin was also performed. The cellular pattern/morphology and variable degree of fibroplasia of the leiomyomas were similar to that reported for human fibroids. These results support further investigation of uterine leiomyomas in potbellied pigs as a potentially valuable animal model for studying human fibroids.

Immunogold localization of HMB-45 antigen in pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 998-999
Author(s):  
J.M. Minda ◽  
E. Dessy ◽  
G. G. Pietra
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Smooth Muscle Proliferation ◽  
Hmb 45

Pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis (PLAM) is a rare disease occurring exclusively in women of reproductive age. It involves the lungs, lymph nodes and lymphatic ducts. In the lungs, it is characterized by the proliferation of smooth muscle cells around lymphatics in the bronchovascular bundles, lobular septa and pleura The nature of smooth muscle proliferation in PLAM is still unclear. Recently, reactivity of the smooth muscle cells for HMB-45, a melanoma-related antigen has been reported by immunohistochemistry. The purpose of this study was the ultrastructural localization of HMB-45 immunoreactivity in these cells using gold-labeled antibodies.Lung tissue from three cases of PLAM, referred to our Institution for lung transplantation, was embedded in either Poly/Bed 812 post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, or in LR White, without osmication. For the immunogold technique, thin sections were placed on Nickel grids and incubated with affinity purified, monoclonal anti-melanoma antibody HMB-45 (1:1) (Enzo Diag. Co) overnight at 4°C. After extensive washing with PBS, grids were treated with Goat-anti-mouse-IgG-Gold (5nm) (1:10) (Amersham Life Sci) for 1 hour, at room temperature.

scholarly journals Paraurethral Leiomyoma in a Postmenopausal Woman: First European Case

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susy Shim ◽  
Camilla Skovvang Borg ◽  
Huda Galib Majeed ◽  
Peter Humaidan
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Postmenopausal Woman ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Urethral Pain ◽  
Paraurethral Leiomyoma

Leiomyomas are benign tumors extending from smooth muscle cells and only few cases of paraurethral leiomyomas have been described in the literature. They are often seen in the reproductive age and around 50% of the cases are asymptomatic. We describe a 59-year-old woman with a solid mobile tumor below the symphysis revealed at a gynecological examination. Transvaginal ultrasound and MRI confirmed the tumor and excision of the paraurethral tumor was carried out. The histological examination showed a benign paraurethral leiomyoma. The postoperative period was characterized by urethral pain as well as vaginal leakage of urine.

Unusual morphological features of uterine leiomyomas treated with progestogens

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 485-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton Boyd ◽  
W Glenn McCluggage
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Uterine Leiomyomas ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Uncertain Malignant Potential ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tumour ◽  
Benign Leiomyoma

BackgroundUterine leiomyomas are extremely common in surgical pathology practice and in the vast majority there are no issues in diagnosis. Progestogens are widely prescribed drugs for a variety of indications, including abnormal uterine bleeding, and are often given to women with leiomyomas but the pathological features of leiomyomas treated with progestogens are poorly described.MethodsWe report the pathological features in eight cases of uterine leiomyomas in women who had been treated with oral progestogens or a progestogen-containing intrauterine device; all cases were received in consultation because the features raised concern for leiomyosarcoma, smooth muscle tumour of uncertain malignant potential or a benign leiomyoma with unusual features. Additionally, we reviewed a series of cases of uterine leiomyomas (n=99) in women who exhibited progestogenic effects in the endometrium.ResultsThe morphological features in the consult cases, which were widespread and marked and which varied somewhat from case to case, included small and/or large areas of infarct-type necrosis (sometimes mimicking coagulative tumour cell necrosis) with surrounding increased cellularity, mitotic activity, nuclear pyknosis, cytoplasmic eosinophilia, epithelioid morphology, stromal oedema, haemorrhage, and myxoid change and infiltration by CD56 positive granulated lymphocytes. Sometimes the features resulted in an almost deciduoid appearance. Similar features were present to a minor degree in significant numbers of the additional series of cases.ConclusionsPathologists should be aware of these progestogen-associated features when reporting uterine leiomyomas whether or not the clinician has indicated that the woman is taking progestogens since otherwise a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma or smooth muscle tumour of uncertain malignant potential may be rendered. Useful features in suggesting a benign leiomyoma, in addition to recognition of the morphological features described which, in combination, are characteristic of progestogens, are the lack of true nuclear atypia and the low mitotic activity away from the abnormal areas.

Painless spontaneous haemoperitoneum secondary to a uterine leiomyoma/fibroid: unusual presentation of a life-threatening differential

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e243465
Author(s):  
Chiamaka Maduanusi ◽  
Sathiyaa Balachandran ◽  
Sahathevan Sathiyathasan ◽  
Kazal Omar
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Haemodynamic Instability ◽  
Hypovolaemic Shock ◽  
Important Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Definitive Management

This is a case of a 47-year-old woman with a spontaneous haemoperitoneum secondary to uterine leiomyomas (fibroids), an important differential diagnosis in patients with uterine fibroids and hypovolaemic shock. Uterine fibroids are very common in women of reproductive age, yet little is taught about their potential to cause hypovolaemic shock. Although it is a rare complication, given the prevalence of fibroids, it is important to bear this life-threatening differential in mind to optimise the care for these women. Presentation typically involves abdominal pain, syncope, haemodynamic instability and an intra-abdominal mass. CT of the abdomen and pelvis can be helpful in identifying the source of the haemoperitoneum, but should not delay surgery, which is the definitive management.

scholarly journals Intravenous Carbetocin to decrease blood loss during open myomectomy: a randomized placebo-controlled study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Hany F. Sallam ◽  
Nahla W. Shady
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Uterine Leiomyomas ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Operative Blood Loss ◽  
Abdominal Myomectomy ◽  
To Receive

Background: Uterine leiomyomas are benign tumors of the uterus, which represent the most common neoplasms in women of reproductive age, and have a lifetime incidence of approximately 70% in the general population. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of using a single pre-operative dose of IV 100 μg Carbetocin on intra-operative blood loss in abdominal myomectomy surgeries.Methods: In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 86 women undergoing abdominal myomectomy for symptomatic uterine leiomyomas were randomly assigned to receive a single dose of pre-operative of IV 100 μg Carbetocin (n = 43) or placebo (n = 43) just before the operation. The primary outcome was intra-operative blood loss.Results: Intra-operative blood loss was significantly lower in those women randomized to receive IV Carbetocin versus the placebo group (714.19±186.27 ml versus 1033.49±140.9 ml), p = 0.0001 The incidence of blood transfusion was increased in placebo group (69.8%) compared with (18.6%) in Carbetocin group, (P = 0.0001). Also, there was a significant reduction in operative time in Carbetocin group (66.35%±10.18) compared with placebo group (95.95±9.16), (P = 0.0001).Conclusions: A single pre-operative dose of IV Carbetocin (100 μg) is a simple applicable method for reducing intra-operative blood loss and operative time in abdominal myomectomy.

scholarly journals Patients with uterine leiomyoma exhibit a high incidence but low mortality rate for breast cancer

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
pp. 33014-33023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Te-Chun Shen ◽  
Te-Chun Hsia ◽  
Chieh-Lun Hsiao ◽  
Cheng-Li Lin ◽  
Chih-Yi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
High Incidence

scholarly journals How Identifying Circumgalactic Gas by Line-of-sight Velocity instead of the Location in 3D Space Affects O vi Measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Stephanie H. Ho ◽  
Crystal L. Martin ◽  
Joop Schaye
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Density Profile ◽  
Column Density ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Lower Mass ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
3D Space ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
High Incidence Rate ◽  
Stellar Masses

Abstract The high incidence rate of the O vi λλ1032, 1038 absorption around low-redshift, ∼L * star-forming galaxies has generated interest in studies of the circumgalactic medium. We use the high-resolution EAGLE cosmological simulation to analyze the circumgalactic O vi gas around z ≈ 0.3 star-forming galaxies. Motivated by the limitation that observations do not reveal where the gas lies along the line of sight, we compare the O vi measurements produced by gas within fixed distances around galaxies and by gas selected using line-of-sight velocity cuts commonly adopted by observers. We show that gas selected by a velocity cut of ±300 km s−1 or ±500 km s−1 produces a higher O vi column density, a flatter column density profile, and a higher covering fraction compared to gas within 1, 2, or 3 times the virial radius (r vir) of galaxies. The discrepancy increases with impact parameter and worsens for lower-mass galaxies. For example, compared to the gas within 2 r vir, identifying the gas using velocity cuts of 200–500 km s−1 increases the O vi column density by 0.2 dex (0.1 dex) at 1 r vir to over 0.75 dex (0.7 dex) at ≈ 2 r vir for galaxies with stellar masses of 109–109.5 M ⊙ (1010–1010.5 M ⊙). We furthermore estimate that excluding O vi outside r vir decreases the circumgalactic oxygen mass measured by Tumlinson et al. (2011) by over 50%. Our results demonstrate that gas at large line-of-sight separations but selected by conventional velocity windows has significant effects on the O vi measurements and may not be observationally distinguishable from gas near the galaxies.

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