scholarly journals Simultaneous Profiling and Holistic Comparison of the Metabolomes among the Flower Buds of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolius, and Panax notoginseng by UHPLC/IM-QTOF-HDMSE-Based Metabolomics Analysis

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jia ◽  
Tiantian Zuo ◽  
Chunxia Zhang ◽  
Weiwei Li ◽  
Hongda Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Species Classification ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Panax Species

The flower buds of three Panax species (PGF: flower bud of P. ginseng; PQF: flower bud of P. quinquefolius; PNF: flower bud of P. notoginseng), widely consumed as healthcare products, are easily confused particularly in the extracts or traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulae. We are aimed to develop an untargeted metabolomics approach, by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/ion mobility-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/IM-QTOF-MS) to unveil the chemical markers diagnostic for the differentiation of PGF, PQF, and PNF. Key parameters affecting chromatographic separation and MS detection were optimized in sequence. Forty-two batches of flower bud samples were analyzed in negative high-definition MSE (HDMSE; enabling three-dimensional separations). Efficient metabolomics data processing was performed by Progenesis QI (Waters, Milford, MA, USA), while pattern-recognition chemometrics was applied for species classification and potential markers discovery. Reference compounds comparison, analysis of both HDMSE and targeted MS/MS data, and retrieval of an in-house ginsenoside library, were simultaneously utilized for the identification of discovered potential markers. Satisfactory conditions for metabolite profiling were achieved on a BEH Shield RP18 column and Vion™ IMS-QTOF instrument (Waters; by setting the capillary voltage of 1.0 kV and the cone of voltage 20 V) within 37 min. A total of 32 components were identified as the potential markers, of which Rb3, Ra1, isomer of m-Rc/m-Rb2/m-Rb3, isomer of Ra1/Ra2, Rb1, and isomer of Ra3, were the most important for differentiating among PGF, PQF, and PNF. Conclusively, UHPLC/IM-QTOF-MS-based metabolomics is a powerful tool for the authentication of TCM at the metabolome level.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study on Characteristics of Metabolomics and Lipidomics according to Sasang Constitution

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jung Kim ◽  
Da-Hye Lee ◽  
Jiyun Ahn ◽  
Tae-Youl Ha ◽  
Young Jin Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sasang Constitution ◽  
Canonical Pathways ◽  
Phenylalanine Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Metabolites

Although classification of an individual’s Sasang constitution is a key step in the prescription of traditional Korean medicine, the classifying process is complex and not objective. Identification of metabolic-based biomarkers could allow the development of a reliable and sensitive classification technique and even therapeutic management. Our pilot study investigated whether metabolites in plasma are characteristic of Sasang constitutions. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolic analysis was conducted against 15 Soyangin (SY), 15 Taeeumin (TE), and 18 Soeumin (SE) individuals, as classified according to the Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Classification II (QSCC II) and specialist diagnosis. Metabolomics data showed that the TE group was significantly separated from the SY and SE groups. Nine canonical pathways related to constitution; phenylalanine metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis were activated in the TE group as compared with the other groups. Similar to the results of the metabolomics analysis, the TE group was also significantly separated from the other two groups by lipidomic analysis. On the other hand, the intensity of lipid metabolites was higher in the SY group than in the other groups. Our findings suggest that the combined analysis of metabolomics and lipidomics can provide useful information for characteristics of Sasang constitutions.

scholarly journals Blooming Date Predictions Based on Japanese Apricot ‘Nanko’ Flower Bud Responses to Temperatures during Dormancy

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuto Kitamura ◽  
Hisayo Yamane ◽  
Akira Yukimori ◽  
Hiroyoshi Shimo ◽  
Koji Numaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Linear Functions ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Japanese Apricot ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Heat Requirements ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Climates

Flower bud development and the timing of blooming are mainly affected by genotype-dependent chilling requirements (CRs) during endodormancy and subsequent heat requirements (HRs) during ecodormancy. However, little information is available regarding the responses of flower buds to temperatures during endodormancy and ecodormancy in japanese apricot. We exposed japanese apricot ‘Nanko’ trees to various temperatures to estimate the CRs and HRs using development index (DVI) models specific for the endodormant (DVIendo) and ecodormant (DVIeco) stages. These models were based on the experimentally determined development rate (DVR). The DVRendo value was calculated as the reciprocal of the chilling time required to break endodormancy. The relationship between the DVRendo value and temperature was estimated using a three-dimensional curve. Our results indicated that 5–6 °C was the most effective temperature for breaking endodormancy in ‘Nanko’ flower buds. Additionally, exposure to −3 °C negatively affected endodormancy release, whereas 15 °C had no effect. We also determined that the DVReco values for temperatures between 5 and 20 °C were the reciprocal values of the time required for blooming after endodormancy release. The values outside this range were estimated using linear functions. The DVI was defined as the sum of the DVR values ranging from 0 to 1. Models for predicting the blooming date were constructed using the functions of sequentially combined DVIendo and DVIeco models. The accuracy of each model was assessed by comparing the predicted and actual blooming dates. The prediction of the model in which DVIeco = 1 corresponded to a 40% blooming level and DVIeco = 0 was set to DVIendo = 0.5 had the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) value (i.e., 3.11) for trees in commercial orchards exposed to different climates. Our results suggest that the developed model may have practical applications.

Real-Time Full Motion Stereo Microscopy Over Internet

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 368-369
Author(s):  
Gary N. Case ◽  
Mladen A. Vouk ◽  
John M. Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Real World ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Video Transmission ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Definition ◽  
The Real ◽  
Remote Imaging ◽  
Full Screen

One of the problems with remote imaging which purports to represent the real world (Tele-presence) is that the images are two-dimensional and the “real” world is three dimensional. When viewing many objects, the lack of depth perceptiorican be a serious deficiency. For example, one would want a micro-surgeon to have a good idea how deep to cut into tissue during a tele-presence operation. There is a wealth of three dimensional information in light, SEM, AFM, confocal, and computer reconstructed or simulated objects. To transfer that information faithfully over the networks using broadcast quality high definition video transmission technologies such as MPEG2 may require as much as 20 Mbps per channel. Furthermore, stereo imaging is particularly sensitive to any phase delays and jitter between the two eye channels. Control of these parameters requires advance quality of service features that current internet does not provide, but that may be available on high-performance intranets. All this may present a problem for routine use of the stereo facility .The next generation of Internet, however, will be able to routinely provision much higher bandwidth and other quality of service, in general through protocols that will allow for not only full screen full resolution television but also the use of two channels (left and right) that can stay in fairly close synchrony.

Analysis and Processing of Chinese Herbal Drugs VIII: The Study of Sophorae Floe

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M. Liu ◽  
S.J. Sheu
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Sophora Japonica ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Chinese Herbal Drugs ◽  
Rutin And Quercetin

The quantities of active constituents in commercially avaliable Sophora japonica L. (huai-hua) and its processed samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. Rutin, quercetin, sophoricoside, sophorabioside and genistein were found. Sophora flower buds (huai-mi) contained a great deal of rutin, while the immature fruits (huai-chiao) contained sophoricoside and sophorabioside. When Sophora flower bud was stir-fried for short periods using low heat, the extracted rate of rutin and quercetin increased slightly, decreasing with longer cooking periods at higher temperatures. When stir-fried with vinegar, it quickly blackened, but when cooked with honey, it changed very little. Immature Sophora fruit, however, exhibits less variation in its active constituents after processing. All huai-hua processed samples give forth a pronounced aroma and could be more easily extracted with water than that of the unprocessed herbs.

scholarly journals Using unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry for digital geological surveys: case study of Selmun promontory, northern of Malta

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Colica ◽  
Sebastiano D’Amico ◽  
Roberto Iannucci ◽  
Salvatore Martino ◽  
Adam Gauci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lateral Spreading ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Physical Access

AbstractIn recent years, we have been witnessing the widespread use of low-cost, increasingly high-performance Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, or UAVs, equipped with a large number of sensors capable of extracting detailed information on several scales and in an immediate manner. This study was motivated by the need to perform a geological survey in an area with difficult physical access, and to compare the results with those from conventional surveys. Here we used a Multirotor UAV equipped with a high definition RGB camera and the digital photogrammetry technique to reconstruct a three-dimensional model of the Selmun promontory, located in the northern part of the island of Malta (central Mediterranean Sea). In this area, the evident cliff retreat is linked to landslide processes involving the outcropping geological succession, characterized by the over position of stiff limestones on ductile clays. Such an instability process consists of a lateral spreading associated with toppling and fall of different-size rock blocks. Starting from the 3D model obtained from the UAV-photogrammetry, a digital geological-structural survey was performed in which we identified the spatial geometry of the fractures that characterize the area of the Selmun promontory by measuring strike, dip and dip direction of the fractures with semi-automatic digital tools. Furthermore, we were able to measure the size and volume of singularized rock masses as well as cracks, and their sizes were mapped in a GIS environment that contains a large number of digital structural measures. It is the first application of this type for the Maltese islands and the results obtained with this innovative digital methodology were then compared with those of the traditional field survey of the same area acquired during a previous campaign. This study demonstrated how the innovation of digital geological surveying lies in the possibility of mapping areas and geological features not detectable with traditional methods, mainly due to the high risk associated with the stability of the cliff or, more generally, the inaccessibility of some sites, therefore allowing the user to operate in safety and to detect in detail the most remote rocky outcrops.

Improved 3-D reconstruction using stereo computer graphics and multiple tilt EM images

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 630-631
Author(s):  
Lee D. Peachey ◽  
Lou Fodor ◽  
John C. Haselgrove ◽  
Stanley M. Dunn ◽  
Junqing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Transverse Section ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stereo Pair ◽  
3D Reconstructions ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Microscope Images ◽  
High Performance Computer

Stereo pairs of electron microscope images provide valuable visual impressions of the three-dimensional nature of specimens, including biological objects. Beyond this one seeks quantitatively accurate models and measurements of the three dimensional positions and sizes of structures in the specimen. In our laboratory, we have sought to combine high resolution video cameras with high performance computer graphics systems to improve both the ease of building 3D reconstructions and the accuracy of 3D measurements, by using multiple tilt images of the same specimen tilted over a wider range of angles than can be viewed stereoscopically. Ultimately we also wish to automate the reconstruction and measurement process, and have initiated work in that direction.Figure 1 is a stereo pair of 400 kV images from a 1 micrometer thick transverse section of frog skeletal muscle stained with the Golgi stain. This stain selectively increases the density of the transverse tubular network in these muscle cells, and it is this network that we reconstruct in this example.

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