scholarly journals Promising Approach in the Treatment of Glaucoma Using Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine-Based Systems

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 3805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidiniaina Rina Juliana ◽  
Samuel Kesse ◽  
Kofi Oti Boakye-Yiadom ◽  
Hanitrarimalala Veroniaina ◽  
Huihui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Ocular Tissues ◽  
Human Eye ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Research Frontiers

Glaucoma is considered a leading cause of blindness with the human eye being one of the body’s most delicate organs. Ocular diseases encompass diverse diseases affecting the anterior and posterior ocular sections, respectively. The human eye’s peculiar and exclusive anatomy and physiology continue to pose a significant obstacle to researchers and pharmacologists in the provision of efficient drug delivery. Though several traditional invasive and noninvasive eye therapies exist, including implants, eye drops, and injections, there are still significant complications that arise which may either be their low bioavailability or the grave ocular adverse effects experienced thereafter. On the other hand, new nanoscience technology and nanotechnology serve as a novel approach in ocular disease treatment. In order to interact specifically with ocular tissues and overcome ocular challenges, numerous active molecules have been modified to react with nanocarriers. In the general population of glaucoma patients, disease growth and advancement cannot be contained by decreasing intraocular pressure (IOP), hence a spiking in future research for novel drug delivery systems and target therapeutics. This review focuses on nanotechnology and its therapeutic and diagnostic prospects in ophthalmology, specifically glaucoma. Nanotechnology and nanomedicine history, the human eye anatomy, research frontiers in nanomedicine and nanotechnology, its imaging modal quality, diagnostic and surgical approach, and its possible application in glaucoma will all be further explored below. Particular focus will be on the efficiency and safety of this new therapy and its advances.

scholarly journals Polysaccharide-Based Nanomaterials for Ocular Drug Delivery: A Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haozhe Yu ◽  
Wenyu Wu ◽  
Xiang Lin ◽  
Yun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Structural Instability ◽  
Ocular Drug Delivery ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Ocular Tissues ◽  
Drug Solubilization ◽  
Physiological Structure ◽  
Ocular System ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Drug Nanocarriers

Ocular drug delivery is one of the most challenging issues in ophthalmology because of the complex physiological structure of the eye. Polysaccharide-based nanomaterials have been extensively investigated in recent years as ideal carriers for enhancing the bioavailability of drugs in the ocular system because of their biocompatibility and drug solubilization. From this perspective, we discuss the structural instability of polysaccharides and its impact on the synthesis process; examine the potential for developing bioactive polysaccharide-based ocular drug nanocarriers; propose four strategies for designing novel drug delivery nanomaterials; and suggest reviewing the behavior of nanomaterials in ocular tissues.

scholarly journals Drug Delivery to the Posterior Segment of the Eye: Biopharmaceutic and Pharmacokinetic Considerations

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Varela-Fernández ◽  
Victoria Díaz-Tomé ◽  
Andrea Luaces-Rodríguez ◽  
Andrea Conde-Penedo ◽  
Xurxo García-Otero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Administration Routes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Complex Anatomy ◽  
Site Of Action ◽  
Intraocular Drug Delivery ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Drug Pharmacokinetics

The treatment of the posterior-segment ocular diseases, such as age-related eye diseases (AMD) or diabetic retinopathy (DR), present a challenge for ophthalmologists due to the complex anatomy and physiology of the eye. This specialized organ is composed of various static and dynamic barriers that restrict drug delivery into the target site of action. Despite numerous efforts, effective intraocular drug delivery remains unresolved and, therefore, it is highly desirable to improve the current treatments of diseases affecting the posterior cavity. This review article gives an overview of pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutics aspects for the most commonly-used ocular administration routes (intravitreal, topical, systemic, and periocular), including information of the absorption, distribution, and elimination, as well as the benefits and limitations of each one. This article also encompasses different conventional and novel drug delivery systems designed and developed to improve drug pharmacokinetics intended for the posterior ocular segment treatment.

Bioadhesive Films AS Drug Delivery Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inderbir Singh ◽  
Debabrata Ghosh Dastidar ◽  
Dipanjan Ghosh ◽  
Abhijit Sengupta ◽  
Tolulope O. Ajala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Current Area ◽  
Product Outcome ◽  
Novel Drug

: Bioadhesive films are considered as a novel drug delivery system which provides improved therapy and better patient compliance than conventional dosage forms. The type and concentration of polymer or the blend of polymers used are important factors influencing the properties of bioadhesive films and influencingthe product outcome and performance. But the modification of available polymers to synthesize polymers with improved properties is the current area of research. Furthermore, addressing the challenges in formulating bioadhesive films for transdermal delivery of a variety of different classes of drug molecules is the frontier for future research. With the advancement of synthetic chemistry and the development of newer technology like 3D printing, more and more studies are going on bioadhesive films that have opened up a bunch of opportunities in this field of research. This article reviews the current advancements in developingbio-adhesive films and provides basic principles that will be helpful to overcome the difficulties that are associated with the design of formulation.

scholarly journals Research Progress on Exosome Application in Drug Delivery

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Delivery Platform ◽  
Loading Methods ◽  
Novel Drug

cell-to-cell communication. The most studied extracellular vesicles are exosomes. Exosomes are discoid vesicles with diameters between 30 and 150 nm. They have good delivery abilities, and many studies have shown that as novel drug delivery systems exosome have low immunogenicity, high biocompatibility, and are a powerful and novel delivery platform for disease treatment. In this review, exosome drug-loading methods and the latest research results for their use in drug delivery are summarized to facilitate expansion of exosome applications in cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Literary and Analytical Study of the Source Plants of Kshara (Alkali) for Ksharasutra Preparation in the Management of Fistula-in-ano

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
G.V.P. Samaranayake ◽  
W.A.L.C. Walivita ◽  
K.M. Chandimal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Fistula In Ano ◽  
Anorectal Diseases ◽  
Novel Drug Delivery System ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Plant Sources

The different surgical techniques and importance in disease treatment were explored by Sushruta, the father of surgery. Furthermore, Anushastra or parasurgical substances and methods from Ayurveda are distinctive in surgical fields as discovered by Sushruta. According to Susruta Samhita, Kshara or alkali are useful for performing excision/removal, incision/cutting, scraping, alleviating three Doshas and several special procedures, and therefore superior to Shastra (sharp instruments) or Anu Shastra (accessory apparatuses). Also, Kshara is derived from diverse Ayurveda plants and applied in different ways to manage various diseases, including bhagandara (fistula-in-ano) and other numerous anorectal conditions. Ksharasutra, a novel drug delivery system, is now popular in Ayurvedic surgery for anorectal Diseases and involves a thread smeared with kshara (alkali) applied to induce both mechanical and chemical cutting and healing. There are 23 Kshara source plants provided by Sushruta. This study implemented a literary analysis of the three plant sources employed to prepare Kshara sutra used for managing Fistula-in-ano.

scholarly journals Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery System for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazufumi Nakamura ◽  
Hiromi Matsubara ◽  
Satoshi Akagi ◽  
Toshihiro Sarashina ◽  
Kentaro Ejiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Intratracheal Administration ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Prostacyclin Analog

Nanoparticles have been used as a novel drug delivery system. Drug-incorporated nanoparticles for local delivery might optimize the efficacy and minimize the side effects of drugs. The efficacy and safety of intratracheal administration of prostacyclin analog (beraprost)-incorporated nanoparticles and imatinib, a PDGF-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, -incorporated nanoparticles in Sugen-hypoxia-normoxia or monocrotaline rat models of PAH and in human PAH-pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells have been reported. The use of inhaled drug-incorporated nanoparticles might be a novel approach for treatment of PAH.

Novel drug delivery approaches in treating pulmonary fibrosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Dua ◽  
Rajendra Awasthi ◽  
Jyotsana R. Madan ◽  
Dinesh K. Chellappan ◽  
Buchi N. Nalluri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Novel Drug

A Review on Fast Dissolving Tablet

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar T. Malsane ◽  
Smita S. Aher ◽  
R. B. Saudagar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Patient Compliance ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Orally Disintegrating Tablets ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Experience Difficulty

Oral route is presently the gold standard in the pharmaceutical industry where it is regarded as the safest, most economical and most convenient method of drug delivery resulting in highest patient compliance. Over the past three decades, orally disintegrating tablets (FDTs) have gained considerable attention due to patient compliance. Usually, elderly people experience difficulty in swallowing the conventional dosage forms like tablets, capsules, solutions and suspensions because of tremors of extremities and dysphagia. In some cases such as motion sickness, sudden episodes of allergic attack or coughing, and an unavailability of water, swallowing conventional tablets may be difficult. One such problem can be solved in the novel drug delivery system by formulating “Fast dissolving tablets” (FDTs) which disintegrates or dissolves rapidly without water within few seconds in the mouth due to the action of superdisintegrant or maximizing pore structure in the formulation. The review describes the various formulation aspects, superdisintegrants employed and technologies developed for FDTs, along with various excipients, evaluation tests, marketed formulation and drugs used in this research area.

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