scholarly journals Resources and Methods for Engineering “Designer” Glycan-Binding Proteins

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Ruben Warkentin ◽  
David H. Kwan
Keyword(s):  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Protein Scaffolds ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Protein Scaffold ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Range Of Functions

This review provides information on available methods for engineering glycan-binding proteins (GBP). Glycans are involved in a variety of physiological functions and are found in all domains of life and viruses. Due to their wide range of functions, GBPs have been developed with diagnostic, therapeutic, and biotechnological applications. The development of GBPs has traditionally been hindered by a lack of available glycan targets and sensitive and selective protein scaffolds; however, recent advances in glycobiology have largely overcome these challenges. Here we provide information on how to approach the design of novel “designer” GBPs, starting from the protein scaffold to the mutagenesis methods, selection, and characterization of the GBPs.

Characterization of proteins with Siaα2-3/6Gal-linked glycans from bovine milk and role of their glycans against influenza A virus

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 5198-5208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanjie Yu ◽  
Yaogang Zhong ◽  
Zhiwei Zhang ◽  
Xiawei Liu ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Functions ◽  
Bovine Milk Proteins

The bovine milk proteins have a wide range of functions, but the role of the attached glycans in their biological functions has not been fully understood yet.

scholarly journals Influence of Deacetylation Process in Chitosan Extract From Shrimp Shell Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012069
Author(s):  
Nurhadini ◽  
W Yandi ◽  
M A Nugraha ◽  
M A Putri ◽  
N Riyani
Keyword(s):  
Functional Group ◽  
Ftir Spectra ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Degree Of Deacetylation ◽  
Shrimp Shell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Shell Waste ◽  
Range Of Functions ◽  
Shrimp Shell Waste

Abstract The increasing production of shrimp commodities in Bangka Belitung Island can cause shrimp shell waste and polluting the environment. Shrimp shell waste can further proceed into chitosan which has a wide range of functions in various fields. This current study aims to find out the influence of the deacetylation process in chitosan extracts from shrimp shell waste. The method of chitosan extraction by varying repetition of deacetylation process. The characterization of chitosan extracts by FTIR analysis to determine functional group and degree of deacetylation (DD). Based on FTIR spectra, repetition in the deacetylation process in chitosan extraction still produces chitosan extracts that do not fully transform into chitosan. However, it able to increase DD with the highest DD of chitosan extract constitutes 86,78% and can be used in the further application.

Biodiversity of cytochrome P450 redox systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 796-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. McLean ◽  
M. Sabri ◽  
K.R. Marshall ◽  
R.J. Lawson ◽  
D.G. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Redox Systems ◽  
Remarkable Similarity ◽  
Biochemical Pathways ◽  
Redox Partner ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Domains Of Life

P450s (cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenases) are a superfamily of haem-containing mono-oxygenase enzymes that participate in a wide range of biochemical pathways in different organisms from all of the domains of life. To facilitate their activity, P450s require sequential delivery of two electrons passed from one or more redox partner enzymes. Although the P450 enzymes themselves show remarkable similarity in overall structure, it is increasingly apparent that there is enormous diversity in the redox partner systems that drive the P450 enzymes. This paper examines some of the recent advances in our understanding of the biodiversity of the P450 redox apparatus, with a particular emphasis on the redox systems in the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Low-Cost Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles for Diverse Sensing Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3915-3917
Author(s):  
S. Akhtar ◽  
Z. Farid ◽  
H. Ahmed ◽  
S. A. Khan ◽  
Z. N. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Functions

Silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized and characterized by a low-cost chemical reduction method. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have pre-occupied the consideration of the scientific community due to their wide range of functions, utility and industrial applications, particularly in the fields of sensing technologies and medicine (particularly their efficiency against microbes, the ability of healing the wound and anti-inflammatory properties). Ag NPs are synthesized by a low-cost fabrication method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX) and photometry techniques are used in this work to identify their nature and potentiality for diverse applications in sensing technologies.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in EBSD Characterization of Metals

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1097
Author(s):  
Íris Carneiro ◽  
Sónia Simões
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Grain Boundary Character Distribution ◽  
Grain Boundary Character ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plane Distribution ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has been attracting enormous interest in the microstructural characterization of metals in recent years. This characterization technique has several advantages over conventional ones, since it allows obtaining a wide range of characterization possibilities in a single method, which is not possible in others. The grain size, crystallographic orientation, texture, and grain boundary character distribution can be obtained by EBSD analysis. Despite the limited resolution of this technique (20–50 nm), EBSD is powerful, even for nanostructured materials. Through this technique, the microstructure can be characterized at different scales and levels with a high number of microstructural characteristics. It is known that the mechanical properties are strongly related to several microstructural aspects such as the size, shape, and distribution of grains, the presence of texture, grain boundaries character, and also the grain boundary plane distribution. In this context, this work aims to describe and discuss the possibilities of microstructural characterization, recent advances, the challenges in sample preparation, and the application of the EBSD in the characterization of metals.

scholarly journals Ghrelin – Physiological Functions and Regulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Mohamed Ibrahim Abdalla ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Acylated Ghrelin ◽  
Osteoblast Proliferation ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Release Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Orexigenic Peptide ◽  
Range Of Functions ◽  
Protein Output ◽  
Stimulation Of

Ghrelin is an orexigenic peptide predominantly secreted from the stomach and stimulates appetite and growth hormone (GH) release. Studies have provided evidence that ghrelin exercises a wide range of functions, including regulation of food intake and energy metabolism, modulation of cardiovascular function, stimulation of osteoblast proliferation and bone formation and stimulation of neurogenesis and myogenesis. In the gastrointestinal system, ghrelin affects multiple functions, including secretion of gastric acid, gastric motility and pancreatic protein output. Most of these functions have been attributed to the actions of acylated ghrelin. The balance among its secretion rate, degradation rate and clearance rate determines the circulating level of ghrelin. This review explains what ghrelin is, its physiological functions and the factors that influence its level.

scholarly journals Biotechnological Applications Derived from Microorganisms of the Atacama Desert

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Azua-Bustos ◽  
Carlos González-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Analog Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Immense Potential

The Atacama Desert in Chile is well known for being the driest and oldest desert on Earth. For these same reasons, it is also considered a good analog model of the planet Mars. Only a few decades ago, it was thought that this was a sterile place, but in the past years fascinating adaptations have been reported in the members of the three domains of life: low water availability, high UV radiation, high salinity, and other environmental stresses. However, the biotechnological applications derived from the basic understanding and characterization of these species, with the notable exception of copper bioleaching, are still in its infancy, thus offering an immense potential for future development.

scholarly journals Isolation and Biochemical Characterization of Two Novel Metagenome-Derived Esterases

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 3637-3645 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Elend ◽  
C. Schmeisser ◽  
C. Leggewie ◽  
P. Babiak ◽  
J. D. Carballeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Temperature Optimum ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Metagenome ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT The metagenomes of uncultured microbial communities are rich sources for novel biocatalysts. In this study, esterase EstA3 was derived from a drinking water metagenome, and esterase EstCE1 was derived from a soil metagenome. Both esterases are approximately 380 amino acids in size and show similarity to β-lactamases, indicating that they belong to family VIII of the lipases/esterases. EstA3 had a temperature optimum at 50�C and a pH optimum at pH 9.0. It was remarkably active and very stable in the presence of solvents and over a wide temperature and pH range. It is active in a multimeric form and displayed a high level of activity against a wide range of substrates including one secondary ester, 7-[3-octylcarboxy-(3-hydroxy-3-methyl-butyloxy)]-coumarin, which is normally unreactive. EstCE1 was active in the monomeric form and had a temperature optimum at 47�C and a pH optimum at pH 10. It exhibited the same level of stability as EstA3 over wide temperature and pH ranges and in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide, isopropanol, and methanol. EstCE1 was highly enantioselective for (+)-menthylacetate. These enzymes display remarkable characteristics that cannot be related to the original environment from which they were derived. The high level of stability of these enzymes together with their unique substrate specificities make them highly useful for biotechnological applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document