scholarly journals Raman Microspectroscopic Investigation and Classification of Breast Cancer Pathological Characteristics

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 921
Author(s):  
Heping Li ◽  
Tian Ning ◽  
Fan Yu ◽  
Yishen Chen ◽  
Baoping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Mucinous Carcinoma ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
And Performance

Breast cancer is one of the major cancers of women in the world. Despite significant progress in its treatment, an early diagnosis can effectively reduce its incidence rate and mortality. To improve the reliability of Raman-based tumor detection and analysis methods, we conducted an ex vivo study to unveil the compositional features of healthy control (HC), solid papillary carcinoma (SPC), mucinous carcinoma (MC), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) tissue samples. Following the identification of biological variations occurring as a result of cancer invasion, principal component analysis followed by linear discriminate analysis (PCA-LDA) algorithm were adopted to distinguish spectral variations among different breast tissue groups. The achieved results confirmed that after training, the constructed classification model combined with the leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) method was able to distinguish the different breast tissue types with 100% overall accuracy. The present study demonstrates that Raman spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis technology has considerable potential for improving the efficiency and performance of breast cancer diagnosis.

scholarly journals Invasive breast tumors are characterized by the presence of crystalline nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Tsolaki ◽  
William Doran ◽  
Luca Magnani ◽  
Alessandro Olivo ◽  
Inge K. Herrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Tumour Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples

The presence of calcification in tumours has been known for decades1. Indeed, calcified breast tissue is a fundamental criterion for early breast cancer diagnosis, indicative of malignancies2, and their appearance is used to distinguish between benign and malignant in breast biopsies3,4. However, an in-depth characterization of the nature and origin of tumour tissue calcification remains elusive5–8. Here, we report the presence of nano and micron-sized spherical particles made of highly crystalline whitlockite that are exclusively found in the arterial wall of malignant invasive tumours. By applying nanoanalytical methods to healthy, benign and malignant tumour breast tissue biopsies from patients, we show that poorly crystalline apatite can be found in all breast tissue samples, whereas spherical crystalline whitlockite particles are present only in invasive cancers, mainly in areas close to the lumen of the arterial wall. Moreover, we demonstrate that the concentration of these spherical crystalline particles increases with the grade of disease, and that their size can be related to tumour type. Therefore, our results not only provide new insight into calcification of tumour tissue, but also enable a precise, yet simple route of breast cancer diagnosis and staging.

EP.TH.515A Case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the breast in a young male patient presenting with a subcutaneous axillary lump

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Suliman ◽  
Ahmed Latif ◽  
Anna Metafa ◽  
Michal Uhercik
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mucinous Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Mucinous Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Axillary Node ◽  
Axillary Mass

Abstract Aims Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the breast is rarely encountered clinically, and makes up only 0.01% of Breast cancer (BC) cases and < 1% of male breast cancer (MBC). We describe an extremely rare case of mucinous carcinoma in accessory axillary breast tissue in a male. Case details A 48-year old male presented with a subcutaneous lump in his left axilla. Ultrasound described a 30mm hypoechoic mass and core biopsy confirmed mucinous adenocarcinoma, strongly positive for oestrogen and progesterone receptors, HER2 negative. A solitary enlarged axillary node in was sampled (C2) and mammogram reported a 32mm spiculate mass (M4) on the left. PET scan showed uptake only in the known axillary mass. Management Wide Local Excision and Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) was completed. Histology showed a 27 mm grade 2 mucinous carcinoma, and the patient completed adjuvant radiotherapy and was commenced on tamoxifen. Conclusions MBC is rare, and accounts for only 1% of all BC. Men tend to be diagnosed at an older age (mean is 67 years) and usually have genetic/hormonal risk factors. Histologically, invasive ductal carcinoma makes up 95% of MBC. In every regard therefore, our case breaks the mold since, he was young, had no genetic/family history and no background of gynaecomastia (present in 6-38%). Literature review suggests that this is only the second case of its kind and from it we can learn to be vigilant for MBC in accessory axillary breast tissue as well as the more typical presentations.

scholarly journals Metalloproteinases 1 and 3 as Potential Biomarkers in Breast Cancer Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 9012
Author(s):  
Angela Ximena Argote Camacho ◽  
Amanda Rocío González Ramírez ◽  
Alejandro José Pérez Alonso ◽  
Juan David Rejón García ◽  
María Auxiliadora Olivares Urbano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Immunohistochemical Expression ◽  
Breast Tumorigenesis ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Variable Group ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Breast cancer continues to be one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality globally and was the leading cause of cancer death in women in Spain in 2020. Early diagnosis is one of the most effective methods to lower the incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer. The human metalloproteinases (MMP) mainly function as proteolytic enzymes degrading the extracellular matrix and plays important roles in most steps of breast tumorigenesis. This retrospective cohort study shows the immunohistochemical expression levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9 in 154 women with breast cancer and 42 women without tumor disease. The samples of breast tissue are assessed using several tissue matrices (TMA). The percentages of staining (≤50%–>50%) and intensity levels of staining (weak, moderate, or intense) are considered. The immunohistochemical expression of the MMP-1-intensity (p = 0.043) and MMP-3 percentage (p = 0.018) and intensity, (p = 0.025) present statistically significant associations with the variable group (control–case); therefore, expression in the tumor tissue samples of these MMPs may be related to the development of breast cancer. The relationships between these MMPs and some clinicopathological factors in breast cancer are also evaluated but no correlation is found. These results suggest the use of MMP-1 and MMP-3 as potential biomarkers of breast cancer diagnosis.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study of the Impact of Microwave Ablation on the Dielectric Properties of Breast Tissue

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5698
Author(s):  
Luz Maria Neira ◽  
R. Owen Mays ◽  
James F. Sawicki ◽  
Amanda Schulman ◽  
Josephine Harter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Microwave Ablation ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Prophylactic Mastectomy ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
The Impact

Percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) is a promising technology for patients with breast cancer, as it may help treat individuals who have less aggressive cancers or do not respond to targeted therapies in the neoadjuvant or pre-surgical setting. In this study, we investigate changes to the microwave dielectric properties of breast tissue that are induced by MWA. While similar changes have been characterized for relatively homogeneous tissues, such as liver, those prior results are not directly translatable to breast tissue because of the extreme tissue heterogeneity present in the breast. This study was motivated, in part by the expectation that the changes in the dielectric properties of the microwave antenna’s operation environment will be impacted by tissue composition of the ablation target, which includes not only the tumor, but also its margins. Accordingly, this target comprises a heterogeneous mix of malignant, healthy glandular, and adipose tissue. Therefore, knowledge of MWA impact on breast dielectric properties is essential for the successful development of MWA systems for breast cancer. We performed ablations in 14 human ex-vivo prophylactic mastectomy specimens from surgeries that were conducted at the UW Hospital and monitored the temperature in the vicinity of the MWA antenna during ablation. After ablation we measured the dielectric properties of the tissue and analyzed the tissue samples to determine both the tissue composition and the extent of damage due to the ablation. We observed that MWA induced cell damage across all tissue compositions, and found that the microwave frequency-dependent relative permittivity and conductivity of damaged tissue are lower than those of healthy tissue, especially for tissue with high fibroglandular content. The results provide information for future developments on breast MWA systems.

Uncommon Breast Malignancies: Presentation Pattern, Prognostic Issue and Treatment Outcome in an Italian Single Institution Experience

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Claudia Maria Regina Bareggi ◽  
Dario Consonni ◽  
Barbara Galassi ◽  
Donatella Gambini ◽  
Elisa Locatelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Medullary Carcinoma ◽  
Mucinous Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Tubular Carcinoma ◽  
Breast Malignancies

Aims and background Often neglected by large clinical trials, patients with uncommon breast malignancies have been rarely analyzed in large series. Patients and methods Of 2,052 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and followed in our Institution from January 1985 to December 2009, we retrospectively collected data on those with uncommon histotypes, with the aim of investigating their presentation characteristics and treatment outcome. Results Rare histotypes were identified in 146 patients (7.1% of our total breast cancer population), being classified as follows: tubular carcinoma in 75 (51.4%), mucinous carcinoma in 36 (24.7%), medullary carcinoma in 25 (17.1%) and papillary carcinoma in 10 patients (6.8%). Whereas age at diagnosis was not significantly different among the diverse diagnostic groups, patients with medullary and papillary subtypes had a higher rate of lymph node involvement, similar to that of invasive ductal carcinoma. Early stage diagnosis was frequent, except for medullary carcinoma. Overall, in comparison with our invasive ductal carcinoma patients, those with rare histotypes showed a significantly lower risk of recurrence, with a hazard ratio of 0.28 (95% CI, 0.12–0.62; P = 0.002). Conclusions According to our analysis, patients with uncommon breast malignancies are often diagnosed at an early stage, resulting in a good prognosis with standard treatment.

Enhanced Breast Cancer Diagnosis System Using Fuzzy Clustering Means Approach in Digital Mammography

2017 ◽  
pp. 925-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Osman ◽  
Ashraf Darwish ◽  
Ayman E. Khedr ◽  
Atef Z. Ghalwash ◽  
Aboul Ella Hassanien
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Fuzzy Clustering ◽  
Digital Mammography ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
And Performance

Breast cancer or malignant breast neoplasm is the most common type of cancer in women. Researchers are not sure of the exact cause of breast cancer. If the cancer can be detected early, the options of treatment and the chances of total recovery will increase. Computer Aided Diagnostic (CAD) systems can help the researchers and specialists in detecting the abnormalities early. The main goal of computerized breast cancer detection in digital mammography is to identify the presence of abnormalities such as mass lesions and Micro calcification Clusters (MCCs). Early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer represent the key for breast cancer control and can increase the success of treatment. This chapter investigates a new CAD system for the diagnosis process of benign and malignant breast tumors from digital mammography. X-ray mammograms are considered the most effective and reliable method in early detection of breast cancer. In this chapter, the breast tumor is segmented from medical image using Fuzzy Clustering Means (FCM) and the features for mammogram images are extracted. The results of this work showed that these features are used to train the classifier to classify tumors. The effectiveness and performance of this work is examined using classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity and the practical part of the proposed system distinguishes tumors with high accuracy.

scholarly journals Handheld diffuse optical breast scanner probe for cross-sectional imaging of breast tissue

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Shokoufi ◽  
Farid Golnaraghi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Compact Structure ◽  
Cross Sectional

Diffuse optical spectroscopy is a relatively new, noninvasive and nonionizing technique for breast cancer diagnosis. In the present study, we have introduced a novel handheld diffuse optical breast scan (DOB-Scan) probe to measure optical properties of the breast in vivo and create functional and compositional images of the tissue. In addition, the probe gives more information about breast tissue’s constituents, which helps distinguish a healthy and cancerous tissue. Two symmetrical light sources, each including four different wavelengths, are used to illuminate the breast tissue. A high-resolution linear array detector measures the intensity of the back-scattered photons at different radial destinations from the illumination sources on the surface of the breast tissue, and a unique image reconstruction algorithm is used to create four cross-sectional images for four different wavelengths. Different from fiber optic-based illumination techniques, the proposed method in this paper integrates multi-wavelength light-emitting diodes to act as pencil beam sources into a scattering medium like breast tissue. This unique design and its compact structure reduce the complexity, size and cost of a potential probe. Although the introduced technique miniaturizes the probe, this study points to the reliability of this technique in the phantom study and clinical breast imaging. We have received ethical approval to test the DOB-Scan probe on patients and we are currently testing the DOB-Scan probe on subjects who are diagnosed with breast cancer.

scholarly journals Breast Cancer in Men: Clinical and Pathological Analysis of 817 Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 155798832090810
Author(s):  
Fernanda Servidoni Spreafico ◽  
Cassio Cardoso-Filho ◽  
Cesar Cabello ◽  
Luis Otávio Sarian ◽  
Luiz Carlos Zeferino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histological Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Breast Cancer In Men

The objective of the current study was to describe breast cancer cases in men according to age, stage, and histology, calculating risks compared to women. It is a retrospective cross-sectional study of all breast cancer cases of the Hospital Cancer Registry of São Paulo state, Brazil, 2000–2015. Variables were age, sex, stage, and histology. Absolute numbers and proportions, Mann–Whitney test and prevalence ratio with 95% confidence interval were used. The study included 93,737 cases, of which 817 were males. The mean age at diagnosis was 60.3 years in men and 56.2 years in women ( p < .001). Stage II was the most common in both sexes (33.9% in men and 36.5% in women). Men had a higher frequency of stage III than women (PR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01–1.37). Stage 0 was significantly more common in women (PR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51–0.94). Ductal carcinoma and its variants were the most common histological types in both sexes (88.7% in men and 89.0% in women). Men had a higher frequency of rarer histological types such as papillary (PR 2.17, 95% CI 1.36–3.44) and sarcomas (PR 4.10, 95% CI 1.86–9.01). In conclusion, in men, breast cancer diagnosis occurred in more advanced ages and stages. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the primary histological type observed, although rarer types were more frequent.

scholarly journals Nodular Scleritis Revealing Metastasis of Breast Cancer: Diagnosis Not to Be Neglected

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Belghmaidi Sarah ◽  
Ghazza Ahmed ◽  
Boutgayout Saloua ◽  
Hajji Ibtissam ◽  
Moutaouakil Abdeljalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Left Breast ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Secondary Tumor ◽  
Systemic Corticosteroids ◽  
Anterior Scleritis ◽  
History Of

We report the case of ocular metastasis in a 48-year-old woman presenting left eye redness and pain. The patient was followed in another health institution for nodular scleritis and received systemic corticosteroids with moderate improvement. Medical history revealed that she was diagnosed three years ago with invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast treated by tumorectomy with ganglion dissection. An ophthalmological examination found a hard scleral nodule with vascular architectural disorganization. A biopsy was performed, and the histopathological study revealed the presence of secondary tumor proliferation of poorly differentiated carcinoma of mammary cancer. This case report shows the fact that any unusual ocular presentation, even one simulating anterior scleritis, in a patient with a history of breast cancer should raise suspicion of metastasis.

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