scholarly journals Chemistry and Pharmacology of Cyperaceae Stilbenoids: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2794
Author(s):  
Csilla Zsuzsanna Dávid ◽  
Judit Hohmann ◽  
Andrea Vasas
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Pharmacological Investigation ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Derivatives

Cyperaceae is a cosmopolitan plant family with approx. 5000 species distributed worldwide. Several members of this family are used in traditional medicines for the treatment of different diseases. In the last few decades, constituents with great chemical diversity were isolated from sedges, and a wide range of biological activities were detected either for crude extracts or for pure compounds. Among the isolated compounds, phenolic derivatives are the most important, especially stilbenoids, and flavonoids. To date, more than 60 stilbenoids were isolated from 28 Cyperaceae species. Pharmacological investigation of Cyperaceae stilbenoids revealed that several compounds possess promising activities; mainly antiproliferative, antibacterial, antioxidant and anthelmintic effects. Isolation, synthesis and pharmacological investigation of stilbenes are increasing constantly. As Cyperaceae species are very good sources of a wide variety of stilbenes, and several of them occur in large amount worldwide, they are worthy for phytochemical and pharmacological investigations. Moreover, stilbenes are important from chemotaxonomical point of view, and they play a key role in plant defense mechanisms as well. This review summarizes the stilbenoids isolated from sedges, and their biological activities.

scholarly journals Essential Oils as Potential Alternative Biocontrol Products against Plant Pathogens and Weeds: A Review

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Raveau ◽  
Joël Fontaine ◽  
Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Wide Range

Naturally produced by aromatic plants, essential oils (EO) contain a wide range of volatile molecules, including mostly secondary metabolites, which possess several biological activities. Essential oils properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities are known for a long time and hence widely used in traditional medicines, cosmetics and food industries. However, despite their effects against many phytopathogenic fungi, oomycetes and bacteria as well as weeds, their use in agriculture remains surprisingly scarce. The purpose of the present review is to gather and discuss up-to-date biological activities of EO against weeds, plant pathogenic fungi, oomycetes and bacteria, reported in the scientific literature. Innovative methods, potentially valuable to improve the efficiency and reliability of EO, have been investigated. In particular, their use towards a more sustainable agriculture has been discussed, aiming at encouraging the use of alternative products to substitute synthetic pesticides to control weeds and plant diseases, without significantly affecting crop yields. An overview of the market and the recent advances on the regulation of these products as well as future challenges to promote their development and wider use in disease management programs is described. Because of several recent reviews on EO insecticidal properties, this topic is not covered in the present review.

scholarly journals The Phylum Bryozoa as a Promising Source of Anticancer Drugs

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Figuerola ◽  
Avila
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Antitumor Compounds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drug Synthesis ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Promising Source

Recent advances in sampling and novel techniques in drug synthesis and isolation have promoted the discovery of anticancer agents from marine organisms to combat this major threat to public health worldwide. Bryozoans, which are filter-feeding, aquatic invertebrates often characterized by a calcified skeleton, are an excellent source of pharmacologically interesting compounds including well-known chemical classes such as alkaloids and polyketides. This review covers the literature for secondary metabolites isolated from marine cheilostome and ctenostome bryozoans that have shown potential as cancer drugs. Moreover, we highlight examples such as bryostatins, the most known class of marine-derived compounds from this animal phylum, which are advancing through anticancer clinical trials due to their low toxicity and antineoplastic activity. The bryozoan antitumor compounds discovered until now show a wide range of chemical diversity and biological activities. Therefore, more research focusing on the isolation of secondary metabolites with potential anticancer properties from bryozoans and other overlooked taxa covering wider geographic areas is needed for an efficient bioprospecting of natural products.

scholarly journals Structures and Bioactivities of Steroidal Saponins Isolated from the Genera Dracaena and Sansevieria

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1916
Author(s):  
Zaw Min Thu ◽  
Sann Myint Oo ◽  
Thinn Myat Nwe ◽  
Hnin Thanda Aung ◽  
Chabaco Armijos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Steroidal Saponins ◽  
Structural Motifs ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The species Dracaena and Sansevieria, that are well-known for different uses in traditional medicines and as indoor ornamental plants with air purifying property, are rich sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. In fact, a wide variety of phytochemical constituents have been isolated so far from about seventeen species. This paper has reviewed the literature of about 180 steroidal saponins, isolated from Dracaena and Sansevieria species, as a basis for further studies. Saponins are among the most characteristic metabolites isolated from the two genera. They show a great variety in structural motifs and a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-proliferative effects and, in most case, remarkable cytotoxic properties.

scholarly journals The Understudied Phylum Bryozoa as a Promising Source of Anticancer Drugs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca Figuerola ◽  
Conxita Avila
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Drug Synthesis ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Excellent Source

Recent advances in sampling and novel techniques in drug synthesis and isolation have promoted the discovery of anticancer agents from marine organisms to combat this major threat to public health worldwide. Bryozoans, filter-feeding, sessile aquatic invertebrates often characterized by a calcified skeleton, are an excellent source of pharmacologically interesting compounds including well-known chemical classes such as alkaloids and polyketides. This review covers the literature for secondary metabolites isolated from marine cheilostome and ctenostome bryozoans that have shown potential as cancer drugs. Moreover, we highlight examples such as bryostatins, the most known class of marine-derived compounds from this animal phylum, which is advancing through anticancer clinical trials due to their low toxicity and antineoplastic activity. The bryozoan antitumour compounds discovered until now show a wide range of chemical diversity and biological activities. Therefore, more research focusing on the isolation of secondary metabolites with potential anticancer properties from bryozoans and other overlooked taxa covering wider geographic areas is needed for an efficient bioprospecting of natural products.

scholarly journals Biotechnological Advances in Resveratrol Production and its Chemical Diversity

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thapa ◽  
Pandey ◽  
Park ◽  
Kyung Sohng
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Chemical Hazards ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bioactive Natural Product

The very well-known bioactive natural product, resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene), is a highly studied secondary metabolite produced by several plants, particularly grapes, passion fruit, white tea, and berries. It is in high demand not only because of its wide range of biological activities against various kinds of cardiovascular and nerve-related diseases, but also as important ingredients in pharmaceuticals and nutritional supplements. Due to its very low content in plants, multi-step isolation and purification processes, and environmental and chemical hazards issues, resveratrol extraction from plants is difficult, time consuming, impracticable, and unsustainable. Therefore, microbial hosts, such as Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Corynebacterium glutamicum, are commonly used as an alternative production source by improvising resveratrol biosynthetic genes in them. The biosynthesis genes are rewired applying combinatorial biosynthetic systems, including metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, while optimizing the various production processes. The native biosynthesis of resveratrol is not present in microbes, which are easy to manipulate genetically, so the use of microbial hosts is increasing these days. This review will mainly focus on the recent biotechnological advances for the production of resveratrol, including the various strategies used to produce its chemically diverse derivatives.

scholarly journals Nigritanine as a New Potential Antimicrobial Alkaloid for the Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Infections

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Casciaro ◽  
Andrea Calcaterra ◽  
Floriana Cappiello ◽  
Mattia Mori ◽  
Maria Loffredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Wide Range

Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen causing a wide range of nosocomial infections including pulmonary, urinary, and skin infections. Notably, the emergence of bacterial strains resistant to conventional antibiotics has prompted researchers to find new compounds capable of killing these pathogens. Nature is undoubtedly an invaluable source of bioactive molecules characterized by an ample chemical diversity. They can act as unique platform providing new scaffolds for further chemical modifications in order to obtain compounds with optimized biological activity. A class of natural compounds with a variety of biological activities is represented by alkaloids, important secondary metabolites produced by a large number of organisms including bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. In this work, starting from the screening of 39 alkaloids retrieved from a unique in-house library, we identified a heterodimer β-carboline alkaloid, nigritanine, with a potent anti-Staphylococcus action. Nigritanine, isolated from Strychnos nigritana, was characterized for its antimicrobial activity against a reference and three clinical isolates of S. aureus. Its potential cytotoxicity was also evaluated at short and long term against mammalian red blood cells and human keratinocytes, respectively. Nigritanine showed a remarkable antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration of 128 µM) without being toxic in vitro to both tested cells. The analysis of the antibacterial activity related to the nigritanine scaffold furnished new insights in the structure–activity relationships (SARs) of β-carboline, confirming that dimerization improves its antibacterial activity. Taking into account these interesting results, nigritanine can be considered as a promising candidate for the development of new antimicrobial molecules for the treatment of S. aureus-induced infections.

scholarly journals A Scrupulous Review on Multifaceted Pyrazole Nucleus as an Energetic Pharmacological Agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amala Babu ◽  
Sneha Antony ◽  
Femy Maria KM ◽  
Dr.Vinod B
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compound ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pharmacological Agent ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Structural Point ◽  
Membered Heterocyclic Compound

Pyrazole represents a versatile class among heterocyclic compounds due to its impact in biological and pharmacological field irrespective of its scarcity in nature. From the structural point of view, pyrazoles are rather interesting and chemically it is known as 1,2-Diazoles.Also, it is a five membered heterocyclic compound containing 2 Nitrogen atoms. As per different studies, Pyrazoles and its derivatives own a wide range of biological activities like Antibacterial, Analgesic, Antioxidant etc. The main intention of this review is to run an overview of diverse pharmacological activities of pyrazole moiety especially antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, Hypoglycemic, anticancer and enzyme inhibitory effects.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Constituents and Biological Activities of Melicope lunu-ankenda

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enas Mohamed Eliaser ◽  
Jun Hui Ho ◽  
Najihah Mohd. Hashim ◽  
Yaya Rukayadi ◽  
Gwendoline Cheng Lian Ee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Different Parts

Natural products, either pure compounds or standardized plant extracts, have provided opportunities for the discovery of new drugs. Nowadays, most of the world’s population still relies on traditional medicines for healthcare purposes. Plants, in particular, are always used as traditional medicine, as they contain a diverse number of phytochemicals that can be used for the treatment of diseases. The multicomponent feature in the plants is considered a positive phytotherapeutic hallmark. Hence, ethnopharmacognosy has been the focus for finding alternative treatments for diseases. Melicope lunu-ankenda, also known as Euodia lunu-ankenda, is widely distributed in tropical regions of Asia. Different parts of M. lunu-ankenda have been used for treatment of hypertension, menstrual disorder, diabetes, and fever, and as an emmenagogue and tonic. It has also been consumed as salad and as a condiment for food flavorings. The justification of use of M. lunu-ankenda in folk medicines is supported by its reported biological activities, including its cytotoxic, antibacterial, antioxidant, analgesic, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. This review summarizes the phytochemical compounds isolated from various parts of M. lunu-ankenda, such as root and leaves, and also its biological activities, which could make the species a new therapeutic agent for some diseases, including diabetes, in the future.

A Comprehensive Review of the Aizoaceae Family: Phytochemical, and Biological Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riham Omar Bakr
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Activity ◽  
Ice Plant ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Available Information

: The Aizoaceae “ice plant” family, is one of the neglected plant family despites of its promising phytoconstituents. It includes approximately 135 genera and 2499 succulent species distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics worldwide. Many of the species in this family have a long history in traditional medicine, and many phytochemical and biological studies have attempted to confirm the folk uses of these plants. This review gathers all the available information concerning this family offering an in-depth search for all published papers, websites, and proceedings for the identified compounds besides their biological activities. More than one hundred eighty compounds belonging to different classes have been identified and found responsible for a wide range of therapeutic activity including, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatotoxic, anticancer and antimicrobial activities revealing Aizoaceae species as very promising candidates for all phytochemical and biological studies.

scholarly journals Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of the Family Amaryllidaceae: An Overview of Research at RCPGD

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1987292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esam E. Elgorashi
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
African Region ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
The Family ◽  
Plant Families

Professor Johannes van Staden, Director of the Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development-University of KwaZulu Natal, conducts research in the field of plant physiology, biotechnology, and ethnomedicine. The research span over a wide range of plant families growing in the southern African region. The plant family Amaryllidaceae, known for its ornamental and pharmacological values, received much attention by his research group. This review covers research conducted by his group on the chemistry of some members of Amaryllidaceae and biological activities of their constituents.

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