scholarly journals Large Optical Nonlinearity of the Activated Carbon Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser Ablation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 737
Author(s):  
Yasin Orooji ◽  
Hamed Ghanbari Gol ◽  
Babak Jaleh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Rashidian Vaziri ◽  
Mahtab Eslamipanah
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Nlo Properties

Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) with high porosity and great optical features can be used as a luminescent material. One year later, the same group investigated the NLO properties CNPs and boron-doped CNPs by 532 nm and 1064 nm laser excitations to uncover the underlying physical mechanisms in their NLO response. Hence, a facile approach, laser ablation technique, was employed for carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) synthesis from suspended activated carbon (AC). Morphological properties of the prepared CNPs were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). UV-Vis and fluorescence (FL) spectra were used to optical properties investigation of CNPs. The size distribution of nanoparticles was evaluated using dynamic light scattering (DLS). The nonlinear optical (NLO) coefficients of the synthesized CNPs were determined by the Z-scan method. As a result, strong reverse saturable absorption and self-defocusing effects were observed at the excitation wavelength of 442 nm laser irradiation. These effects were ascribed to the presence of delocalized π-electrons in AC CNPs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the NLO properties of the AC CNPs.

scholarly journals Biomass-Derived Activated Carbon as a Catalyst for the Effective Degradation of Rhodamine B dye

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Shamim Ahmed Hira ◽  
Mohammad Yusuf ◽  
Dicky Annas ◽  
Hu Shi Hui ◽  
Kang Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

Activated carbon (AC) was fabricated from carrot waste using ZnCl2 as the activating agent and calcined at 700 °C for 2 h in a tube furnace. The as-synthesized AC was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis; the results revealed that it exhibited a high specific surface area and high porosity. Moreover, this material displayed superior catalytic activity for the degradation of toxic Rhodamine B (RhB) dye. Rate constant for the degradation of RhB was ascertained at different experimental conditions. Lastly, we used the Arrhenius equation and determined that the activation energy for the decomposition of RhB using AC was approximately 35.9 kJ mol−1, which was very low. Hopefully it will create a great platform for the degradation of other toxic dye in near future.

Nonlinear optical properties of lutetium bisphthalocyanine and its application for an optical switch

2004 ◽  
Vol 08 (07) ◽  
pp. 984-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lung-Chang Liu ◽  
Chia-Hon Tai ◽  
Andrew Teh Hu ◽  
Tai-Huei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Properties ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
First Hyperpolarizability ◽  
Second Hyperpolarizability ◽  
Nlo Properties

The nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of lanthanide bisphthalocyanine (Lu(TBPc)Pc), including first hyperpolarizability, second hyperpolarizability and reverse saturable absorption (RSA), have been investigated. Furthermore, Lu(TBPc)Pc has also been applied for optical switch based on its RSA performance.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of antibacterial magnetite-activated carbon nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Roonak Golabiazar ◽  
Zagros A Omar ◽  
Rekar N Ahmad ◽  
Shano A Hasan ◽  
S Mohammad Sajadi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized using the co-precipitation methods were further functionalized with activated carbon. The magnetite-activated carbon nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared confirmed the functionalization of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles with the activated carbon. The X-ray diffraction studies demonstrate that magnetite-activated carbon nanoparticles were indexed into the spinel cubic lattice with a lattice parameter of 0.833 nm and an average particle size of about 14 nm. Various parameters such as dislocation density, microstrain, and surface morphological studies were calculated. However, this work implicated the use of magnetite-activated carbon nanoparticles in antibacterial studies. Further, the antibacterial effect of magnetite-activated carbon nanoparticles was evaluated against three pathogenic bacteria, which showed that the nanoparticles have moderate antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative ( Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aureginosa) pathogenic bacterial strains in the presence of different magnetite-activated carbon nanoparticle concentrations at room temperature.

scholarly journals Study of the Thermal Annealing on Structural and Morphological Properties of High-Porosity A-WO3 Films Synthesized by HFCVD

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cruz-Leal ◽  
O. Goiz ◽  
F. Chávez ◽  
G. F. Pérez-Sánchez ◽  
N. Hernández-Como ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Vapor Deposition Technique ◽  
Hot Filament

High-porosity nanostructured amorphous tungsten OXIDE (a-WO3) films were synthesized by a Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition technique (HFCVD) and then transformed into a crystalline WO3 by simple thermal annealing. The a-WO3 films were annealed at 100, 300, and 500 °C for 10 min in an air environment. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), micro-Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and UV–vis spectroscopy. Results revealed that the a-WO3 films were highly porous, composed of cauliflower-like structures made of nanoparticles with average sizes of 12 nm. It was shown that the effect of annealing on the morphology of the a-WO3 films leads to a sintering process. However, the morphology is conserved. It was found that at annealing temperatures of 100 °C, the a-WO3 films are of an amorphous nature, while at 300 °C, the films crystallize in the monoclinic phase of WO3. The calculated bandgap for the a-WO3 was 3.09 eV, and 2.53 eV for the film annealed at 500 °C. Finally, the results show that porous WO3 films preserve the morphology and maintain the porosity, even after the annealing at 500 °C.

Third-order nonlinear optical properties of P3HT studied by nanosecond Z-scan in orthodichlorobenzene

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850001
Author(s):  
Feng Wu ◽  
Shunlong Zhao ◽  
Siwen Zhang ◽  
Jiang Lv
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Nonlinear Refraction ◽  
Optical Nonlinearity ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Input Intensity ◽  
Nlo Properties

The nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of P3HT in orthodichlorobenzene were investigated at 532[Formula: see text]nm by Z-scan technique in the nanosecond domain. The nonlinear refraction of P3HT solution is up to an order of 10[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]esu and changes the sign from positive to negative with an increase in the input intensity. The reverse saturable absorption of the P3HT solution was observed in the intensity range of the measurements and their nonlinear absorption coefficient reaches an order of 102[Formula: see text]cm/GW. The strong optical nonlinearity perhaps allows them to be widely applied in the photoelectric field.

Enhanced third-order nonlinear optical properties determined in thin films using the Z-scan technique: bis(μ-4,4′-oxydibenzoato)bis[(4′-phenyl-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine)cobalt(II)]

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runqiang Liu ◽  
Ning Zhao ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Caixia An ◽  
Zhaoxun Lian
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Nlo Properties ◽  
Heterocyclic Ligand ◽  
The Third

π-Conjugated organic materials exhibit high and tunable nonlinear optical (NLO) properties, and fast response times. 4′-Phenyl-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine (PTP) is an important N-heterocyclic ligand involving π-conjugated systems, however, studies concerning the third-order NLO properties of terpyridine transition metal complexes are limited. The title binuclear terpyridine CoIIcomplex, bis(μ-4,4′-oxydibenzoato)-κ3O,O′:O′′;κ3O′′:O,O′-bis[(4′-phenyl-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine-κ3N,N′,N′′)cobalt(II)], [Co2(C14H8O5)2(C21H15N3)2], (1), has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. In the crystal structure, each CoIIcation is surrounded by three N atoms of a PTP ligand and three O atoms, two from a bidentate and one from a symmetry-related monodentate 4,4′-oxydibenzoate (ODA2−) ligand, completing a distorted octahedral coordination geometry. Neighbouring [Co(PTP)]2+units are bridged by ODA2−ligands to form a ring-like structure. The third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of (1) and PTP were determined in thin films using the Z-scan technique. The title compound shows a strong third-order NLO saturable absorption (SA), while PTP exhibits a third-order NLO reverse saturable absorption (RSA). The absorptive coefficient β of (1) is −37.3 × 10−7 m W−1, which is larger than that (8.96 × 10−7 m W−1) of PTP. The third-order NLO susceptibility χ(3)values are calculated as 6.01 × 10−8 e.s.u. for (1) and 1.44 × 10−8 e.s.u. for PTP.

scholarly journals Oil palm empty fruit bunch valorization for activated and non-activated carbon nanoparticles and its heavy-metal-removal efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Zubaidah ◽  
Adisti Permatasari Putri Hartoyo ◽  
Januard Kristian Sihombing ◽  
Elis Nina Herliyana ◽  
Saptadi Darmawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch

Abstract In this study, we examined activated and non-activated carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibers for their nanomaterial characteristics and their potential effectiveness in heavy metal removal. To investigate these properties, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDX, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particle size analysis, X-ray diffraction, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry were employed. This study shows that both the activated and the non-activated CNPs were in the form of well-dispersed and aggregated particles. As analyzed using SEM, the external surfaces of the non-activated CNPs were determined to be irregular, while those of the activated CNPs had a more circular shape without aggregation. Carbon was the most dominant element observed in these CNPs, and the occurrence of its activation process altered the chemical functional groups of the non-activated CNPs by shifting their wavenumbers and intensities. Additionally, the activation process increased the crystallinity domain in the activated CNPs. OPEFB fibers could be valorized to obtain both activated and non-activated CNPs that had the potential efficiency to remove heavy metals, including copper (Cu), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) at certain times. Based on the analysis of the Langmuir and Freundlich models, the activated and non-activated CNPs were found to have shown favorable adsorption to Cu, Pb, and Fe, with a percentage of heavy metal removal of over 84%. The adsorption of heavy metals was carried out via a chemical process.

scholarly journals Efficient Adsorption of Lead (II) from Aqueous Phase Solutions Using Polypyrrole-Based Activated Carbon

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Ali Alghamdi ◽  
Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni ◽  
Waseem Sharaf Saeed ◽  
Abdullah Al-Kahtani ◽  
Fahad A. Alharthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Isotherm Equation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

In this study, polypyrrole-based activated carbon was prepared by the carbonization of polypyrrole at 650 °C for 2 h in the presence of four-times the mass of KOH as a chemical activator. The structural and morphological properties of the product (polypyrrole-based activated carbon (PPyAC4)), analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis, support its applicability as an adsorbent. The adsorption characteristics of PPyAC4 were examined through the adsorption of lead ions from aqueous solutions. The influence of various factors, including initial ion concentration, pH, contact time, and adsorbent dose, on the adsorption of Pb2+ was investigated to identify the optimum adsorption conditions. The experimental data fit well to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9997) and the Freundlich isotherm equation (R2 = 0.9950), suggesting a chemisorption pathway. The adsorption capacity was found to increase with increases in time and initial concentration, while it decreased with an increase in adsorbent dose. Additionally, the highest adsorption was attained at pH 5.5. The calculated maximum capacity, qm, determined from the Langmuir model was 50 mg/g.

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