scholarly journals Functionalization and Characterization of Silicon Nanowires for Sensing Applications: A Review

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 999
Author(s):  
Samuel Ahoulou ◽  
Etienne Perret ◽  
Jean-Marie Nedelec
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nanowires ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Silicon Nanowire ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Frequency Identification

Silicon nanowires are attractive materials from the point of view of their electrical properties or high surface-to-volume ratio, which makes them interesting for sensing applications. However, they can achieve a better performance by adjusting their surface properties with organic/inorganic compounds. This review gives an overview of the main techniques used to modify silicon nanowire surfaces as well as characterization techniques. A comparison was performed with the functionalization method developed, and some applications of modified silicon nanowires and their advantages on those non-modified are subsequently presented. In the final words, the future opportunities of functionalized silicon nanowires for chipless tag radio frequency identification (RFID) have been depicted.

Silicon Nanowire: a New Shape of Crystalline Silicon

1998 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.F. Zhang ◽  
Y.H. Tang ◽  
N. Wang ◽  
C. S. Lee ◽  
D.P. Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nanowires ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Silicon Nanowire ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Electron Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Laser Ablation Method ◽  
Scattering Spectrum

ABSTRACTSilicon nanowires have been synthesized by using a high-temperature laser ablation method. Transmission electron microscopic investigation shows that the nanowires are crystalline Si, and have diameters ranging from 3 to 43 nm and lengths up to a few hundreds μm. Raman scattering spectrum shows an asymmetric peak at the same position as that of bulk crystalline silicon. The x-ray diffraction revealed an important contribution from surface oxide. This is due to the high surface-to-volume ratio. Visible photoluminescence (PL) was observed in nanowires with sub-5 nm diameter.

A low-profile FSS-based high capacity chipless RFID tag for sensing and encoding applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Shahid Habib ◽  
Amjad Ali ◽  
Ghaffer Iqbal Kiani ◽  
Wagma Ayub ◽  
Syed Muzahir Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Frequency Selective Surface ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Simple Geometry ◽  
Chipless Rfid ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract This paper presents a polarization-independent 11-bit chipless RFID tag based on frequency-selective surface which has been designed for encoding and relative humidity (RH) sensing applications. The 10 exterior U-shaped resonators are used for item encoding whereas Kapton has been incorporated with the interior resonator for RH sensing. This radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag operates in S- and C-frequency bands. The proposed design offers enhanced fractional bandwidth up to 88% with the density of 4.46 bits/cm2. Both single- and dual-layer tags have been investigated. The simulated results are in good agreement with measured results and a comparison with existing literature is presented to show the performance. Simple geometry, high code density, large frequency signature bandwidth, high magnitude bit, high radar cross-section, and angular stability for more than 75° are the unique outcomes of the proposed design. In addition, RH sensing has been achieved by integrating the Kapton on the same RFID tag.

scholarly journals ZnO Thin Film Transistor: Effect of Traps and Grain Boundaries

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
A.A. Razak ◽  
W.H. Khoo ◽  
Suhana Mohamed Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Thin Film Transistor ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Temperature Deposition

Recently ZnO has drawn a lot of attention in semiconductor industry due to its interesting features. High exciton binding energy, high resistivity against radiation, high breakdown voltage, low temperature deposition are some of the interesting features of this material. Zinc oxide TFT device gains an increasing interest for its potential in sensing applications due to its biocompability, chemical stability and  simple fabrication process with various methods and high surface-to-volume ratio. However, ZnO TFT devices from previous work exhibited poor ION and field effect mobility. This work investigates the cause of its poor performance by focusing only two factors: traps and defects in the channel and grain boundary. The work was performed in Silvaco TCAD 2D simulator. It was found that a single grain boundary in the channel causes a reduction of the ION by 95%. The effect in the ION is less severe when traps and defects were introduced in the ZnO channel. The results can assist in optimizing the TFT device performance for sensing applications.

Nanomaterial-based gas sensors used for breath diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 3231-3248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyuan Zhou ◽  
Zhenjie Xue ◽  
Xiangyu Chen ◽  
Chuanhui Huang ◽  
Wanqiao Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Enormous Number

Gas-sensing applications commonly use nanomaterials (NMs) because of their unique physicochemical properties, including a high surface-to-volume ratio, enormous number of active sites, controllable morphology, and potential for miniaturisation.

scholarly journals Current Progress towards the Integration of Thermocouple and Chipless RFID Technologies and the Sensing of a Dynamic Stimulus

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Kevin Mc Gee ◽  
Prince Anandarajah ◽  
David Collins
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Barium Strontium ◽  
Chipless Rfid ◽  
Dynamic Stimulus ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Scattering Response

To date, no printable chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensor-related publications in the current literature discuss the possibility of thermocouple integration, particularly for the use in extreme environments. Furthermore, the effects of a time-dependent stimulus on the scattering parameters of a chipless RFID have never been discussed in the known literature. This work includes a review of possible methods to achieve this goal and the design and characterization of a Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) based VHF/UHF voltage sensing circuit. Proof-of-concept thermocouple integration was attempted, and subsequent testing was performed using a signal generator. These subsequent tests involved applying ramp and sinusoid voltage waveforms to the circuit and the characteristics of these signals are largely extracted from the scattering response. Overall conclusions of this paper are that thermocouple integration into chipless RFID technology is still a significant challenge and further work is needed to identify methods of thermocouple integration. With that being said, the developed circuit shows promise as being capable of being configured into a conventional chipless RFID DC voltage sensor.

scholarly journals Titanium carbide MXene: Synthesis, electrical and optical properties and their applications in sensors and energy storage devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 184798041882447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnson Michael ◽  
Zhang Qifeng ◽  
Wang Danling
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Titanium Carbide ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Energy Storage Materials ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Energy Storage Devices

MXenes have been under a lot of scientific investigation due to the novel characteristics that are inherent to two-dimensional nanostructures. There are a multitude of MXenes being studied and one of the most popular among these would be the titanium carbides. The general formula for titanium carbide is Ti n+ 1C n for the nanosheets produced that have undergone much study in the past few years. These studies include how the etching process affects the final MXene sheet and how the post-processing via heat or combining with polymers and/or inorganic compounds influences the mechanical and electrical properties. It is found that different etching techniques can be used to change the electrical properties of the produced MXenes and different post-processing techniques can be used to further change the properties of the nanosheets. The possible application of the titanium carbide MXenes as chemical sensing and energy storage materials will be briefly discussed. MXene nanosheets show promise in such devices due to their high surface area to volume ratio and their specific surface structure with feasible surface functionalization.

scholarly journals Optimization of UHF RFID Five-Slotted Patch Tag Design Using PSO Algorithm for Biomedical Sensing Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8593
Author(s):  
Ibtissame Bouhassoune ◽  
Abdellah Chehri ◽  
Rachid Saadane ◽  
Khalid Minaoui
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Flexible Substrate ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Biomedical Sensing ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Human Arm ◽  
Frequency Identification

In this paper, a new flexible wearable radio frequency identification (RFID) five-shaped slot patch tag placed on the human arm is designed for ultra-high frequency (UHF) healthcare sensing applications. The compact proposed tag consists of a patch structure provided with five shaped slot radiators and a flexible substrate, which minimize the human body’s impact on the antenna radiation performance. We have optimized our designed tag using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method with curve fitting within MATLAB to minimize antenna parameters to achieve a good return loss and an attractive radiation performance in the operating band. The PSO-optimized tag’s performance has been examined over the specific placement in some parts of the human body, such as wrist and chest, to evaluate the tag response and enable our tag antenna conception in wearable biomedical sensing applications. Finally, we have tested the robustness of this tag by evaluating its sensitivity as a function of the antenna radiator placement over the ground plane or by shaping the ground plane substrate for the tag’s position from the human body. Our numerical results show an optimal tag size with good matching features and promising read ranges near the human body.

scholarly journals Radio Frequency Identification and Sensing Techniques and Their Applications—A Review of the State-of-the-Art

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 4012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Cui ◽  
Zonghua Zhang ◽  
Nan Gao ◽  
Zhaozong Meng ◽  
Zhen Li
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Object Identification ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Application Fields

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensors, integrating the features of Wireless Information and Power Transfer (WIPT), object identification and energy efficient sensing capabilities, have been considered a new paradigm of sensing and communication for the futuristic information systems. RFID sensor tags featuring contactless sensing, wireless information transfer, wireless powered, light weight, non-line-of-sight transmission, flexible and pasteable are a critical enabling technology for future Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications, such as manufacturing, logistics, healthcare, agriculture and food. They have attracted numerous research efforts due to their innovative potential in the various application fields. However, there has been a gap between the in-lab investigations and the practical IoT application scenarios, which has motivated this survey of this research to identify the promising enabling techniques and the underlying challenges. This study aims to provide an exhaustive review on the state-of-art RFID sensor technologies from the system implementation perspective by focusing on the fundamental RF energy harvesting theories, the recent technical progresses and commercial solutions, innovative applications and some RFID sensor based IoT solutions, identify the underlying technological challenges at the time being, and give the future research trends and promising application fields in the rich sensing applications of the forthcoming IoT era.

scholarly journals Measurement system for over-the-air evaluation of UHF RFID tags quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Colella ◽  
Luca Catarinucci ◽  
Luciano Tarricone
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Selection Of

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology is a consolidated example of wireless power transfer system in which passive electromagnetic labels called tags are able to harvest electromagnetic energy from the reader antennas, power-up their internal circuitry and provide the automatic identification of objects. Being fully passive, the performance of RFID tags is strongly dependent on the context, so that the selection of the most suitable tag for the specific application becomes a key point. In this work, a cost-effective but accurate system for the over-the-air electromagnetic characterization of assembled UHF RFID tags is firstly presented and then validated through comparison with a consolidated and diffused measurement systems. Moreover, challenging use-cases demonstrating the usefulness of the proposed systems in analyzing the electromagnetic performance of label-type tags also when applied on different material or embedded into concrete structures have been carried out.

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