scholarly journals Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases-Related Dietary Nutrient Profile in the UK (2008–2014)

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Rauber ◽  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
Eurídice Steele ◽  
Christopher Millett ◽  
Carlos Augusto Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Nutrient Profile ◽  
Dietary Nutrient ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Indirect maternal deaths: UK and global perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Nair ◽  
Catherine Nelson-Piercy ◽  
Marian Knight
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Uk

Indirect maternal deaths outnumber direct deaths due to obstetric causes in many high-income countries, and there has been a significant increase in the proportion of maternal deaths due to indirect medical causes in low- to middle-income countries. This review presents a detailed analysis of indirect maternal deaths in the UK and a perspective on the causes and trends in indirect maternal deaths and issues related to care in low- to middle-income countries. There has been no significant decrease in the rate of indirect maternal deaths in the UK since 2003. In 2011–2013, 68% of all maternal deaths were due to indirect causes, and cardiac disease was the single largest cause. The major issues identified in care of women who died from an indirect cause was a lack of clarity about which medical professional should take responsibility for care and overall management. Under-reporting and misclassification result in underestimation of the rate of indirect maternal deaths in low- to middle-income countries. Causes of indirect death include a range of communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases and nutritional disorders. There has been evidence of a shift in incidence from direct to indirect maternal deaths in many low- to middle-income countries due to an increase in non-communicable diseases among women in the reproductive age. The gaps in care identified include poor access to health services, lack of healthcare providers, delay in diagnosis or misdiagnosis and inadequate follow-up during the postnatal period. Irrespective of the significant gains made in reducing maternal mortality in many countries worldwide, there is evidence of a steady increase in the rate of indirect deaths due to pre-existing medical conditions. This heightens the need for research to generate evidence about the risk factors, management and outcomes of specific medical comorbidities during pregnancy in order to provide appropriate evidence-based multidisciplinary care across the entire pathway: pre-pregnancy, during pregnancy and delivery, and postpartum.

Ultra-processed food industry regulation for tackling obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases in the Brazilian legislature: many proposals, no enactments

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Aline Brandão Mariath ◽  
Ana Paula Bortoletto Martins
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Nutrition Labelling ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Critical Nutrients ◽  
Chamber Of Deputies

Abstract Objective: To assess efforts of the Brazilian legislature to regulate ultra-processed food industry practices related to obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases during the first 4 years of the United Nations’ Decade of Action on Nutrition. Design: We searched the Chamber of Deputies and Federal Senate internal databases to identify bills under consideration between 2016 and December 2019. Keywords related to the main recommendations of international organisations regarding the regulation of food industry practices were used. Descriptive and content analysis of the bills were carried out. Setting: Brazilian legislature (Chamber of Deputies and Federal Senate). Participants: None. Results: Eighty-four bills were identified. The most frequently addressed topics were: nutrition labelling (38·1 %), marketing of unhealthy products (30·9 %), availability of unhealthy products (26·2 %) and critical nutrients content (14·3 %). Only 9·5 % of bills have proposed taxation on unhealthy products. No bill was passed during that period; 2·4 % were rejected and 10·7 % archived. Among the bills still under consideration, 52·4 % have not been passed in any Committee. Conclusions: Although many bills have been introduced, no regulation of ultra-processed food industry practices has been enacted by the Brazilian legislature by 2020. It is likely that no positive impact on population nutrition in Brazil will be achieved by the end of the United Nation’s Decade of Action on Nutrition, in 2025 – especially regarding those goals set by the Brazilian government which were supposed to have been achieved by 2019.

scholarly journals REVIEW ON AYURVEDA CONCEPTS ON THE REGIMEN OF FOOD AND DRINK CONSUMPTION

AYUSHDHARA ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 3229-3236
Author(s):  
Nanayakkara Vidanagamage Yasangi Diloopa ◽  
Edirimuni Rodrigo Hathishiya Sujatha Silva Ediriweera
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
Determinant Factor

This is a review conducted with the objectives of evolving the concepts of the regimens of the food consumption according to the Ayurveda. In comparison to the past decades, non communicable diseases are a burden to the present society. Non-healthy patterns and practices of the food consumption are proven as a major determinant factor to increase the non-communicable diseases. This has been proven by various studies. Hence, it is important to identify the healthy pattern and practices of food consumption. This review is based on the textual references in relation to Ayurveda medicine and journal articles. Ayurveda medicine which provided wide range of spectrum in food consumption, fulfilled with wholesome and non wholesome way of arrangement in the kitchen, qualities of the person who prepares the meals, methods of preparing meals, methods of offering the meal, way of selecting the meal, determining the quantity of food that is liable to be consumed, proper time for consuming food, things that should and should not be done before and after consuming meals, codes and ethics during the food consumption with conceptual justification based on the Ayurveda medicine. Some of these facts are proven by the modern science also. This knowledge can be utilized as a solution for the prevailing health burden in non-communicable diseases with a more advanced and scientific way.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed food consumption in adults across Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elly Mertens ◽  
Chiara Colizzi ◽  
José L. Peñalvo
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Food Composition Tables ◽  
Energy Share ◽  
The Uk ◽  
High Bmi

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study is to describe ultra-processed food and drinks (UPFDs) consumption, and associations with intake of total sugar and dietary fibre, and high BMI in adults across Europe. Methods Using food consumption data collected by food records or 24-h dietary recalls available from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Comprehensive European Food Consumption Database, the foods consumed were classified by the level of processing using the NOVA classification. Diet quality was assessed by data linkage to the Dutch food composition tables (NEVO) and years lived with disability for high BMI from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Bivariate groupings were carried out to explore associations of UPFDs consumption with population intake of sugar and dietary fibre, and BMI burden, visualised by scatterplots. Results The energy share from UPFDs varied markedly across the 22 European countries included, ranging from 14 to 44%, being the lowest in Italy and Romania, while the highest in the UK and Sweden. An overall modest decrease (2–15%) in UPFDs consumption is observed over time, except for Finland, Spain and the UK reporting increases (3–9%). Fine bakery wares and soft drinks were most frequently ranked as the main contributor. Countries with a higher sugar intake reported also a higher energy share from UPFDs, as most clearly observed for UPF (r = 0.57, p value = 0.032 for men; and r = 0.53, p value = 0.061 for women). No associations with fibre intake or high BMI were observed. Conclusion Population-level UPFDs consumption substantially varied across Europe, although main contributors are similar. UPFDs consumption was not observed to be associated with country-level burden of high BMI, despite being related to a higher total sugar intake.

scholarly journals  Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of obesity: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Rauber ◽  
Kiara Chang ◽  
Eszter P. Vamos ◽  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
Carlos Augusto Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Population Policy ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to examine the associations between ultra-processed food consumption and risk of obesity among UK adults. Methods Participants aged 40–69 years at recruitment in the UK Biobank (2006–2019) with dietary intakes collected using 24-h recall and repeated measures of adiposity––body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and percentage of body fat (% BF)––were included (N = 22,659; median follow-up: 5 years). Ultra-processed foods were identified using the NOVA classification and their consumption was expressed as a percentage of total energy intake. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of several indicators of obesity according to ultra-processed food consumption. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. Results 947 incident cases of overall obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and 1900 incident cases of abdominal obesity (men: WC ≥ 102 cm, women: WC ≥ 88 cm) were identified during follow-up. Participants in the highest quartile of ultra-processed food consumption had significantly higher risk of developing overall obesity (HR 1.79; 95% CI 1.06─3.03) and abdominal obesity (HR 1.30; 95% CI 1.14─1.48). They had higher risk of experiencing a ≥ 5% increase in BMI (HR 1.31; 95% CI 1.20─1.43), WC (HR 1.35; 95% CI 1.25─1.45) and %BF (HR 1.14; 95% CI 1.03─1.25), than those in the lowest quartile of consumption. Conclusions Our findings provide evidence that higher consumption of ultra-processed food is strongly associated with a higher risk of multiple indicators of obesity in the UK adult population. Policy makers should consider actions that promote consumption of fresh or minimally processed foods and reduce consumption of ultra-processed foods.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and excessive free sugar intake in the UK: a nationally representative cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e027546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Rauber ◽  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
Euridice Martinez Steele ◽  
Leandro F M de Rezende ◽  
Christopher Millett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
The Uk

ObjectivesTo describe dietary sources of free sugars in different age groups of the UK population considering food groups classified according to the NOVA system and to estimate the proportion of excessive free sugars that could potentially be avoided by reducing consumption of their main sources.Design and settingCross-sectional data from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008–2014) were analysed. Food items collected using a 4-day food diary were classified according to the NOVA system.Participants9364 individuals aged 1.5 years and above.Main outcome measuresAverage dietary content of free sugars and proportion of individuals consuming more than 10% of total energy from free sugars.Data analysisPoisson regression was used to estimate the associations between each of the NOVA food group and intake of free sugars. We estimated the per cent reduction in prevalence of excessive free sugar intake from eliminating ultra-processed foods and table sugar. Analyses were stratified by age group and adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, survey year, region and equivalised household income (sterling pounds).ResultsUltra-processed foods account for 56.8% of total energy intake and 64.7% of total free sugars in the UK diet. Free sugars represent 12.4% of total energy intake, and 61.3% of the sample exceeded the recommended limit of 10% energy from free sugars. This percentage was higher among children (74.9%) and adolescents (82.9%). Prevalence of excessive free sugar intake increased linearly across quintiles of ultra-processed food consumption for all age groups, except among the elderly. Eliminating ultra-processed foods could potentially reduce the prevalence of excessive free sugar intake by 47%.ConclusionOur findings suggest that actions to reduce the ultra-processed food consumption generally rich in free sugars could lead to substantial public health benefits.

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and non-communicable disease-related nutrient profile in Portuguese adults and elderly (2015–2016): the UPPER project

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Costa de Miranda ◽  
Fernanda Rauber ◽  
Milena Miranda de Moraes ◽  
Cláudia Afonso ◽  
Cristina Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Portuguese Population ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Nutrient Profile ◽  
Dietary Content ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Abstract This study aims to investigate the dietary share of ultra-processed foods and its association with the non-communicable disease (NCD)-related nutrient profile of adult and elderly populations in Portugal. Cross-sectional data from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (2015–2016) of the Portuguese population were analysed. Dietary intake was assessed by two non-consecutive 24-h recalls, and food items were classified according to the NOVA system. We estimated the percentage of dietary energy provided by each of the NOVA food groups and assessed the NCD-related nutrient profile of the overall diet across quintiles of ultra-processed food consumption. Weighted t tests, besides crude and adjusted linear and Poisson regressions, were performed. Ultra-processed foods contributed to around 24 and 16 % of daily energy intake for adults and elderly, respectively. In both groups, as the consumption of ultra-processed foods increased, the dietary content of free sugars, total fats and saturated fats increased, while the dietary content of protein decreased. In adults, total energy intake, dietary energy density and content of carbohydrates also increased as the consumption of ultra-processed foods increased, while the dietary content of fibre, Na and K decreased. The prevalence of those exceeding the upper limits recommended for free sugars and saturated fats increased by 544 and 153 % in adults and 619 and 60 % in elderly, when comparing the lowest with the highest quintile of ultra-processed food consumption. Such a scenario demands for effective strategies addressing food processing in the Portuguese population to improve their diet quality and prevention against diet-related NCD.

scholarly journals The case for developing a cohesive systems approach to research across unhealthy commodity industries

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e003543
Author(s):  
Cécile Knai ◽  
Mark Petticrew ◽  
Simon Capewell ◽  
Rebecca Cassidy ◽  
Jeff Collin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Corporate Political Activity ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Food And Drink

ObjectivesMost non-communicable diseases are preventable and largely driven by the consumption of harmful products, such as tobacco, alcohol, gambling and ultra-processed food and drink products, collectively termed unhealthy commodities. This paper explores the links between unhealthy commodity industries (UCIs), analyses the extent of alignment across their corporate political strategies, and proposes a cohesive systems approach to research across UCIs.MethodsWe held an expert consultation on analysing the involvement of UCIs in public health policy, conducted an analysis of business links across UCIs, and employed taxonomies of corporate political activity to collate, compare and illustrate strategies employed by the alcohol, ultra-processed food and drink products, tobacco and gambling industries.ResultsThere are clear commonalities across UCIs’ strategies in shaping evidence, employing narratives and framing techniques, constituency building and policy substitution. There is also consistent evidence of business links between UCIs, as well as complex relationships with government agencies, often allowing UCIs to engage in policy-making forums. This knowledge indicates that the role of all UCIs in public health policy would benefit from a common approach to analysis. This enables the development of a theoretical framework for understanding how UCIs influence the policy process. It highlights the need for a deeper and broader understanding of conflicts of interests and how to avoid them; and a broader conception of what constitutes strong evidence generated by a wider range of research types.ConclusionUCIs employ shared strategies to shape public health policy, protecting business interests, and thereby contributing to the perpetuation of non-communicable diseases. A cohesive systems approach to research across UCIs is required to deepen shared understanding of this complex and interconnected area and also to inform a more effective and coherent response.

scholarly journals Is obesity among medical students a matter of concern? a cross-sectional study in MKCG medical college, Berhampur, Odisha, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimal K. Sahoo ◽  
Radha M. Tripathy ◽  
Dhaneswari Jena ◽  
Sanjaya K. Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Obesity And Overweight

Background: Overweight and obesity are the precursor of most of the non communicable diseases. Body mass index is an important indicator to measure obesity. Though medicos have the requisite knowledge on the morbidities associated with overweight and obesity, they are not in an advantageous position as compared with the common man due their life style.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 372 undergraduate students attending the classes at Department of Community Medicine, MKCG Medical college, Berhampur, Odisha. BMI of the students was measured, and socio-demographic characteristics and other risk factors were assessed during the study with the help of a semi structured, pretested questionnaire.Results: Out of 372 students, 67.7% were males. Mean BMI of the students was 23.68 ranging from 14.96 to 43.70. The overall prevalence of obesity and overweight was 4.8% and 24.2% respectively. Overweight and obesity were significantly (p<0.05) associated with age, family history of obesity, place of residence, frequent fast food consumption. However other variables like use of electronic gadgets and vehicles, place of food consumption didn’t show any significant association.Conclusions: Medical students being the future physicians, greater emphasis should be laid among them in terms of prevention of obesity and overweight and on reinforcing all preventive measures like physical activities, correct diet, and maintenance of correct BMI. This will in the long run help in enhancement of control of many non-communicable diseases which are associated with overweight and obesity.

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