scholarly journals Low-Calorie Beverage Consumption, Diet Quality and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in British Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linia Patel ◽  
Gianfranco Alicandro ◽  
Carlo La Vecchia
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
The Uk

Low-calorie beverages (LCBs) are promoted as healthy alternatives to sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs); however, their effects on diet quality and cardiometabolic profile are debatable. This study aimed to verify the association between LCB consumption, diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factors in British adults. Data analysis from 5521 subjects aged 16 and older who participated in two waves of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (2008–2012 and 2013–2014) was carried out. Compared with SSB consumption, LCB consumption was associated with lower energy (mean difference: −173 kcal, 95% confidence interval, CI: −212; −133) and free sugar intake (−5.6% of energy intake, 95% CI: −6.1; −5.1), while intake of other nutrients was not significantly different across groups. The % difference in sugar intake was more pronounced among the young (16–24 years) (−7.3 of energy intake, 95% CI: −8.6; −5.9). The odds of not exceeding the UK-recommended free sugar intake were remarkably higher in the LCB as compared to the SSB group (OR: 9.4, 95% CI: 6.5–13.6). No significant differences were observed in plasma glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL or triglycerides. Our findings suggest that LCBs are associated with lower free sugar intake without affecting the intake of other macronutrients or negatively impacting cardiometabolic risk factors.

scholarly journals Associations between Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Cross-Sectional Study in China Health and Nutrition Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Shuangli Meng ◽  
Zhixin Cui ◽  
Minjuan Li ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Feng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Available data investigating the associations between dietary animal and plant protein intakes and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) among populations with habitual plant-based diets are heterogenous and limited in scope. The current study was to assess the associations between dietary animal and plant protein intakes and CMRFs, including lipid and lipoprotein profiles, glucose homeostasis biomarkers, low-grade chronic inflammatory biomarker and uric acid in Chinese adults. Data of 7886 apparently healthy adults were extracted from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009. Dietary protein (total, animal and plant) intakes were assessed with three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls, and CMRFs were measured with standard laboratory methods. Substituting 5% of energy intake from animal protein for carbohydrates was positively associated with total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and uric acid (all p < 0.05). Substituting 5% of energy intake from plant protein for carbohydrates was inversely associated with non-HDL-C and LDL-C:HDL-C ratio, and positively associated with HDL-C and glycated hemoglobin (all p < 0.05). Some of these associations varied in subgroup analyses by BMI, sex, age or region. There were no significant associations between animal or plant protein intakes and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. The public health implication of these findings requires further investigation.

scholarly journals Associations between Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Values and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Minjuan Li ◽  
Zhixin Cui ◽  
Shuangli Meng ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Tong Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Studies investigating the associations between dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) values and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) among Chinese populations are strikingly limited. To assess the associations between dietary GI and GL values and CMRF, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperuricemia in Chinese adults, we extracted data of 7886 apparently healthy adults from the 2009 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Dietary GI and GL values were calculated using data collected from three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. Fasting lipid, glucose, and uric acid concentrations were measured and CMRF were defined on the basis of established criteria. There were no significant associations between dietary GI values and CMRF, and analyzing the data by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and region did not alter these results. Dietary GL values were positively associated with prevalence of hyperuricemia in all participants (Q4 compared with Q1: odds ratio (OR) = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.87; p-trend = 0.0030) and prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in participants ≥ 60 years old (Q5 compared with Q1: OR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.68; p-trend < 0.0010). Higher dietary GL but not GI values were associated with increased prevalence of hyperuricemia in apparently healthy Chinese adults and hypercholesterolemia in older Chinese adults. Further studies are required to confirm the public health implication of these findings.

Abstract MP08: Higher Diet Quality is Associated with Lower Odds of Inflammation and Peripheral Artery Disease in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiemer Mattei ◽  
Daniela Sotres-Alvarez ◽  
Marc Gellman ◽  
Sheila F Castaneda ◽  
Frank B Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiometabolic Markers

Introduction: C-reactive protein (CRP; a marker of inflammation) and the ankle-brachial index (ABI; a marker of peripheral artery disease (PAD)) are considered emerging risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in addition to traditional cardiometabolic markers. Results on the association of a healthy diet and these emerging risk factors have been inconsistent, and few studies have been conducted on Hispanics/Latinos, who present high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that higher diet quality as measured with the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI; range 0-110: lowest to highest quality) would be associated with lower odds of having high-risk levels of CRP and of ABI, independently from cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: Baseline data were analyzed from US-Hispanics/Latinos aged 18-74y without previously-diagnosed CVD participating in the population-based Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos cohort. There were 14,623 participants with complete CRP data, and 7,892 with ABI data (measured only for those aged ≥45y). Food and nutrients components of AHEI were assessed from two 24-hour recalls. High-risk CRP was defined as >3.0 mg/L, and high-risk ABI was defined as <0.90 or >1.40, with further categorization into PAD (<0.90) and arterial stiffness (>1.40). Results: Nearly 35% of Hispanics/Latinos had high-risk CRP levels and 6.3% had high-risk ABI (4.2% had PAD and 2.1% had arterial stiffness). After adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors, as well as cardiometabolic risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, obesity, or dyslipidemia), the odds (95% confidence interval) of having high-risk ABI were 36% (5, 43%) lower for each 10-unit increase in AHEI (p=0.020). The association remained significant for PAD alone, albeit attenuated (p=0.046), but not for arterial stiffness (p=0.210). Each 10-unit increase in AHEI was associated with 21% (10, 31%) lower odds of high-risk CRP(p=0.0003) after similar adjustments. There were no significant interactions between AHEI and sex, background, smoking, or cardiometabolic risk factors for the associations with ABI. The association of AHEI with high-risk CRP was stronger for those with diabetes (0.68 (0.52, 0.89) vs. 0.82 (0.71, 0.94) without diabetes; p-interaction=0.0002) and with obesity (0.70 (0.58, 0.85) vs. 0.86 (0.73, 1.01) without obesity; p-interaction=0.0001). Conclusions: A higher diet quality is associated with lower inflammation and PAD among Hispanics/Latinos, independently from traditional cardiometabolic risk factors. Promoting a healthy overall diet may benefit with further lowering CVD-risk related to emerging factors in a population that already presents high prevalence of cardiometabolic markers.

scholarly journals Recommended Intake of Key Food Groups and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Australian Older, Rural-Dwelling Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice J. Owen ◽  
Michael J. Abramson ◽  
Jill F. Ikin ◽  
Tracy A. McCaffrey ◽  
Sylvia Pomeroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factor ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between diet quality scores and cardiometabolic risk factors in regionally-dwelling older Australian adults with increased cardiovascular risk. This study was a cross-sectional analysis of demographic, anthropometric, and cardiometabolic risk factor data from 458 participants of the Cardiovascular Stream of the Hazelwood Health Study. Participants completed a 120 item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression adjusting for age, sex, smoking, physical activity, education, diabetes, and body mass index was used to examine the relationship between diet and cardiometabolic risk factors. Mean (SD) age of participants was 71 (8) years, and 55% were male. More than half of men and women did not meet recommended intakes of fibre, while 60% of men and 42% of women exceeded recommended dietary sodium intakes. Higher diet quality in terms of intake of vegetables, grains, and non-processed meat, as well as intake of non-fried fish, was associated with more favourable cardiometabolic risk profiles, while sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was strongly associated with adverse cardiometabolic risk factor levels. In older, regionally-dwelling adults, dietary public health strategies that address whole grain products, vegetable and fish consumption, and sugar-sweetened soft-drink intake may be of benefit in reducing cardiometabolic risk.

scholarly journals Association of Free Sugars Intake with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Japanese Adults: The 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3624
Author(s):  
Aya Fujiwara ◽  
Emiko Okada ◽  
Chika Okada ◽  
Mai Matsumoto ◽  
Hidemi Takimoto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Japanese Adults

The relationship between free sugars intake and cardiometabolic risk factors is unclear in Japanese adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate this association using data from the 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan. The percentage of energy intake from free sugars was estimated based on the 1-day weighed dietary record data of Japanese men (n = 4071) and women (n = 5794) aged ≥ 20 years. Associations between free sugars intake and cardiometabolic risk factors, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic and diastolic blood pressures, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level and levels of serum total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, were investigated using linear regression and Dunnett’s test, with the lowest category of quartiles as a reference. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, free sugars intake was inversely associated with blood pressures (men only) and HDL-cholesterol level (both sexes) and positively associated with total-cholesterol level (women only) and LDL-cholesterol level (both sexes), whereas no association was observed for BMI, WC, and HbA1c level. This study identified both positive and inverse associations of free sugars intake with cardiometabolic risk factors in Japanese adults.

scholarly journals Whole almond consumption is associated with better diet quality and cardiovascular disease risk factors in the UK adult population: National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) 2008–2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vita Dikariyanto ◽  
Sarah E. Berry ◽  
Lucy Francis ◽  
Leanne Smith ◽  
Wendy L. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Diet Score

Abstract Purpose  This work aimed to estimate whole almond consumption in a nationally representative UK survey population and examine associations with diet quality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Methods  Four-day food record data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) 2008–2017 (n = 6802, age ≥ 19 year) were analyzed to investigate associations between whole almond consumption and diet quality, measured by the modified Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and modified Healthy Diet Score (HDS), and CVD risk markers, using survey-adjusted multivariable linear regression. Results  Whole almond consumption was reported in 7.6% of the population. Median intake in whole almond consumers was 5.0 g/day (IQR 9.3). Consumers had higher diet quality scores relative to non-consumers; higher intakes of protein, total fat, monounsaturated, n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fats, fiber, folate, vitamin C, vitamin E, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, and iron; and lower intakes of trans-fatty acids, total carbohydrate, sugar, and sodium. BMI and WC were lower in whole almond consumers compared to non-consumers: 25.5 kg/m2 (95% CI 24.9, 26.2) vs 26.3 kg/m2 (25.9, 26.7), and 88.0 cm (86.2, 89.8) vs 90.1 cm (89.1, 91.2), respectively. However, there were no dose-related fully adjusted significant associations between increasing almond intake (g per 1000 kcal energy intake) and lower CVD risk markers. Conclusions  Almond intake is low in the UK population, but consumption was associated with better dietary quality and lower CVD risk factors. Habitual consumption of whole almonds should be encouraged as part of a healthy diet.

scholarly journals Irregularity of energy intake at meals: prospective associations with the metabolic syndrome in adults of the 1946 British birth cohort

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda K. Pot ◽  
Rebecca Hardy ◽  
Alison M. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health And Development

AbstractIrregularity in eating patterns could be a potential cardiometabolic risk factor. We aimed to study the associations of irregular intake of energy at meals in relation to cardiometabolic risk factors 10 and 17 years later. Variability of energy intake data – derived from 5-d estimated diet diaries of cohort members of the National Survey for Health and Development collected at ages 36 (n1416), 43 (n1505) and 53 years (n1381) – was used as a measure for irregularity. Associations between meal irregularity scores with cardiometabolic risk factors measured 10 and 17 years later were investigated using linear mixed models and logistic regression models. The results showed that irregularity scores changed significantly over the years (P<0·05). At age 36 years, subjects with a more irregular intake of energy at lunch (OR 1·42; 95 % CI 1·05, 1·91) and between meals (OR 1·35; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·82) had an increased risk for the metabolic syndrome 17 years later; at lunch was also associated with an increased waist circumference (OR 1·58; 95 % 1·27, 1·96) and TAG levels (OR 1·33; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·72). At age 43 years, subjects with a more irregular intake at breakfast had an increased risk of the metabolic syndrome 10 years later (OR 1·53; 95 % CI 1·15, 2·04), as well as an increased BMI (OR 1·66; 95 % CI 1·31, 2·10), waist circumference (OR 1·53; 95 % CI 1·23, 1·90) and diastolic blood pressure (OR 1·42; 95 % CI 1·13, 1·78). In conclusion, subjects with a more irregular intake of energy, mostly at breakfast and lunch, appeared to have an increased cardiometabolic risk 10 and 17 years later.

scholarly journals Association between Ag-RP, alpha-MSH and cardiovascular risk factors regarding adherence to Diet Quality Index- International (DQI-I) among obese individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Mahmoudinezhad ◽  
Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
Adherence To Diet

Introduction: Obesity is a strong promoter of cardiometabolic risk factors and is associated with several chronic comorbidities. Recently, the role of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and agouti related peptide (Ag-RP) in regulation of energy balance has attracted much attention. In current study, we evaluated the association between α-MSH and Ag-RP with cardiometabolic factors among obese individuals with different adherence to Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) values. Methods: In this research, 188 obese adults aged between 20 and 50 years old and body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 40 kg/m2 were recruited. Dietary intakes of participants and DQI-I calculation was performed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 132 food items. Serum glucose, lipids, insulin, and plasma α-MSH and Ag-RP levels were measured using ELISA kits. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were also calculated. Results: Among those with the lowest adherence to DQI-I, Ag-RP was positively associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P = 0.03) among males, which was associated with waist circumference (WC) (P = 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P = 0.01). Moreover, among males with low and moderate adherence to DQI-I, α-MSH was positively associated with insulin (P = 0.04), weight (P = 0.03), WC (P < 0.01), SDP (P = 0.02) and DBP (P = 0.01). Also, Ag-RP showed a positive association with BMI values (R2 = 0.03; P = 0.03). Conclusion: According to our findings, in obese subjects with poor to moderate adherence to DQI-I, Ag-RP and α-MSH were in positive correlation with cardiometabolic risk factors. These findings further clarify the clinical importance of these parameters as prognostic factors of cardiometabolic abnormalities.

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