scholarly journals The impact of evening energy intake on diet quality and body composition: a secondary analysis of the UK National Diet and Nutrition survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (OCE5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Baird ◽  
R.K. Price ◽  
A. McElroy ◽  
M.H. Murphy ◽  
A.M. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Determinants of diet quality

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Thiele ◽  
Gert BM Mensink ◽  
Roma Beitz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health Consciousness ◽  
Food Diversity ◽  
Unbalanced Diet ◽  
Nutritional Data ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackground:An unbalanced diet is a main risk factor for several chronic diseases. This paper identifies groups of individuals with an unbalanced diet based on the consumption of nutrients. A characterisation of the groups may help to focus efforts aimed at improving the dietary behaviour of the population.Methods:Using nutritional data of 1763 men and 2267 women participating in the German Nutrition Survey of 1998, we constructed two indices for diet quality that each combines a large amount of nutrients into a single indicator. The impact of sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics on the diet quality indices was analysed using multiple regression analyses.Results:The results show a considerable variation of diet quality between different groups of individuals. High diet quality in terms of the consumption of vitamins, minerals and trace elements is positively associated with income, education level, age, energy intake, food diversity, sport activity and vegetarianism. On the other hand, a low diet quality as indicated by high intakes of e.g. fat, sugar, alcohol and sodium can be expected when energy intake is high, for individuals of middle age and for pregnant and breast-feeding women.Conclusion:The results of this study help to identify groups of individuals with preferable and non-preferable diet quality. For developing public health strategies, in particular the impact of age on diet quality seems to be interesting. The rising diet quality with increasing age could reflect a changing health consciousness. It could thus be a challenge for health policy to promote a healthy way of living focused especially on young individuals.

scholarly journals Low-Calorie Beverage Consumption, Diet Quality and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in British Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linia Patel ◽  
Gianfranco Alicandro ◽  
Carlo La Vecchia
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
The Uk

Low-calorie beverages (LCBs) are promoted as healthy alternatives to sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs); however, their effects on diet quality and cardiometabolic profile are debatable. This study aimed to verify the association between LCB consumption, diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factors in British adults. Data analysis from 5521 subjects aged 16 and older who participated in two waves of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (2008–2012 and 2013–2014) was carried out. Compared with SSB consumption, LCB consumption was associated with lower energy (mean difference: −173 kcal, 95% confidence interval, CI: −212; −133) and free sugar intake (−5.6% of energy intake, 95% CI: −6.1; −5.1), while intake of other nutrients was not significantly different across groups. The % difference in sugar intake was more pronounced among the young (16–24 years) (−7.3 of energy intake, 95% CI: −8.6; −5.9). The odds of not exceeding the UK-recommended free sugar intake were remarkably higher in the LCB as compared to the SSB group (OR: 9.4, 95% CI: 6.5–13.6). No significant differences were observed in plasma glucose, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL or triglycerides. Our findings suggest that LCBs are associated with lower free sugar intake without affecting the intake of other macronutrients or negatively impacting cardiometabolic risk factors.

scholarly journals Associations between free sugars and nutrient intakes among children and adolescents in the UK

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (7) ◽  
pp. 1265-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid Gibson ◽  
Lucy Francis ◽  
Katie Newens ◽  
Barbara Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Positive Results

AbstractThis study explored associations between free sugars intake (using non-milk extrinsic sugars as proxy) and nutrient intakes among children aged 1·5–18 years in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008–2012. Dietary records were completed by 2073 children (95 % completed 4 d). Mean free sugars intakes (% energy) were 11·8, 14·7 and 15·4 % in the 1·5–3, 4–10 and 11–18 years age groups, respectively. Nutrient intakes and nutrient density were compared across quintiles (Q1–Q5) of free sugars intake (% energy) within each age group. Energy intake rose from Q1 to Q5 of free sugars, whereas percentages of energy intake from fat, SFA and protein dropped. Associations with micronutrients (mg/d or mcg/d) were mostly non-significant, but among 11–18-year-olds there were significant negative associations with Zn, Se, Fe, Cu, and vitamin A and D. There were stronger negative associations with micronutrient density (mg/mcg per 4·18 MJ) for most nutrients in all age groups. Associations with vitamin C were positive. Results were similar after excluding misreporters. Children aged 4–18 years who consumed average amounts of free sugars or above (>13 % energy or Q3–Q5) had lower diet quality than those consuming <10 % free sugars (Q1), but there were insufficient data to assess diets with 5 % free sugars. High consumers obtained a higher proportion of free sugars from soft drinks, fruit juice and sugar confectionery and less from breakfast cereals. Ultimately, nutrient intakes depend on the total dietary pattern; however, reducing overconsumption of sugary foods and drinks with low nutrient density may help improve diet quality.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a nutrient-based diet quality index in UK young children and investigation into the diet quality of consumers of formula and infant foods

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1785-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric O Verger ◽  
Simone Eussen ◽  
Bridget A Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Infant Foods ◽  
Diet Quality Index ◽  
The Uk

AbstractObjectiveTo adapt and evaluate a nutrient-based diet quality index (PANDiet) for UK young children and to determine the nutritional adequacy of their diets according to consumption of young child formula (YCF) and commercial infant foods (CIF).DesignContent and construct validity of the PANDiet were assessed by studying associations between the PANDiet and its components, energy intake, food intakes, and child and maternal characteristics. Four groups of children were defined according to their intake of YCF and CIF: (i) no consumption; (ii) consumption of YCF; (iii) consumption of CIF; and (iv) consumption of YCF and CIF. Child and maternal characteristics, PANDiet scores and food intakes of these four groups were compared.SettingSecondary analysis of data from the UK Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children (DNSIYC, 2011).SubjectsYoung children (n 1152) aged 12–18 months.ResultsThe PANDiet was adapted to the UK based on twenty-five nutrients. A lower PANDiet score was linked to lower intakes of YCF, CIF, vegetables and fruits. Determinants of having a lower score were being older, having siblings and having a younger mother with a lower educational level. Compared with children consuming neither YCF nor CIF, PANDiet scores were higher in children consuming CIF (+1·4), children consuming YCF (+7·2) and children consuming YCF and CIF (+7·8; all P<0·001).ConclusionsThe PANDiet is a valid indicator of the nutrient adequacy of the diet of UK young children. Consuming CIF was not found to be associated with lower nutritional adequacy whereas consuming YCF was associated with higher nutritional adequacy.

scholarly journals Association of Time-of-Day Energy Intake Patterns with Nutrient Intakes, Diet Quality, and Insulin Resistance

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Song ◽  
Huijun Wang ◽  
Chang Su ◽  
Zhihong Wang ◽  
Feifei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Dominant Pattern

Evidence shows time-of-day of energy intake are associated with health outcomes; however, studies of time-of-day energy patterns and their health implication are still lacking in the Asian population. This study aims to examine the time-of-day energy intake pattern of Chinese adults and to examine its associations with nutrient intakes, diet quality, and insulin resistance. Dietary data from three 24-h recalls collected during the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were analyzed (n = 8726, aged ≥ 18 years). Time-of-day energy intake patterns were determined by latent class analysis (LCA). General Linear Models and Multilevel Mixed-effects Logistic Regression Models were applied to investigate the associations between latent time-of-day energy intake patterns, energy-adjusted nutrient intakes, diet quality score, and insulin resistance. Three time-of-day energy intake patterns were identified. Participants in the “Evening dominant pattern” were younger, had higher proportions of alcohol drinkers and current smokers. The “Evening dominant pattern” was associated with higher daily energy intake and a higher percentage of energy from fat (%) (p < 0.001), as well as higher insulin resistance risk (OR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.40), after adjusting for multivariate covariates. The highest diet quality score was observed in participants with “Noon dominant pattern” (p < 0.001). A higher proportion of energy in the later of the day was associated with insulin resistance in free-living individuals.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Serum Levels in the UK Population, including a Mathematical Approach to Evaluate the Impact of Vitamin D Fortified Ready-to-Eat Breakfast Cereals: Application of the NDNS Database

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1868
Author(s):  
Wim Calame ◽  
Laura Street ◽  
Toine Hulshof
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Breakfast Cereals ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Vitamin D status is relatively poor in the general population, potentially leading to various conditions. The present study evaluates the relationship between vitamin D status and intake in the UK population and the impact of vitamin D fortified ready-to-eat cereals (RTEC) on this status via data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS: 2008–2012). Four cohorts were addressed: ages 4–10 (n = 803), ages 11–18 (n = 884), ages 19–64 (n = 1655) and ages 65 and higher (n = 428). The impact of fortification by 4.2 μg vitamin D per 100 g of RTEC on vitamin D intake and status was mathematically modelled. Average vitamin D daily intake was age-dependent, ranging from ~2.6 (age range 4–18 years) to ~5.0 μg (older than 64 years). Average 25(OH)D concentration ranged from 43 to 51 nmol/L, the highest in children. The relationship between vitamin D intake and status followed an asymptotic curve with a predicted plateau concentration ranging from 52 in children to 83 nmol/L in elderly. The fortification model showed that serum concentrations increased with ~1.0 in children to ~6.5 nmol/L in the elderly. This study revealed that vitamin D intake in the UK population is low with 25(OH)D concentrations being suboptimal for general health. Fortification of breakfast cereals can contribute to improve overall vitamin D status.

scholarly journals Day-Time Patterns of Carbohydrate Intake in Adults by Non-Parametric Multi-Level Latent Class Analysis—Results from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008/09–2015/16)

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2476
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Almoosawi ◽  
Palla
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
The Uk

This study aims at combining time and quantity of carbohydrate (CH) intake in the definition of eating patterns in UK adults and investigating the association of the derived patterns with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) Rolling Program included 6155 adults in the UK. Time of the day was categorized into 7 pre-defined time slots: 6–9 am, 9–12 noon, 12–2 pm, 2–5 pm, 5–8 pm, 8–10 pm, and 10 pm–6 am. Responses for CH intake were categorized into: no energy intake, CH <50% or ≥50% of total energy. Non-parametric multilevel latent class analysis (MLCA) was applied to identify eating patterns of CH consumption across day-time, as a novel method accounting for the repeated measurements of intake over 3–4 days nested within individuals. Survey-designed multivariable regression was used to assess the associations of CH eating patterns with T2D. Three CH eating day patterns (low, high CH percentage and frequent CH intake day) emerged from 24,483 observation days; based on which three classes of CH eaters were identified and characterized as: low (28.1%), moderate (28.8%) and high (43.1%) CH eaters. On average, low-CH eaters consumed the highest amount of total energy intake (7985.8 kJ) and had higher percentages of energy contributed by fat and alcohol, especially after 8 pm. Moderate-CH eaters consumed the lowest amount of total energy (7341.8 kJ) while they tended to have their meals later in the day. High-CH eaters consumed most of their carbohydrates and energy earlier in the day and within the time slots of 6–9 am, 12–2 pm and 5–8 pm, which correspond to traditional mealtimes. The high-CH eaters profile had the highest daily intake of CH and fiber and the lowest intake of protein and fat. Low-CH eaters had greater odds than high-CH eaters of having T2D in self-reported but not in previously undiagnosed diabetics. Further research using prospective longitudinal studies is warranted to ascertain the direction of causality in the association of CH patterns with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Impact of Fortified Ultra-Processed Foods on Risk of Anemia: A New Perspective for Pediatric Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 841-841
Author(s):  
Daniel Hoffman ◽  
Paula dos Leffa ◽  
Caroline Sangalli ◽  
Julia Valmórbida ◽  
André Dornelles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Poor Diet ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Poor diet quality is a major risk factor for the development of anemia. An increased consumption of fortified ultra-processed food (UPF) among children presents a new contributor to micronutrient intake, one that could potentially improve anemia biomarkers despite having a concomitantly low diet quality. Our objective was to investigate the impact of fortified UPF consumption on the prevalence of anemia and diet quality among children from low-income families in Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional analyses from a randomized field trial of children at 3 years of age (n = 432) from Porto Alegre, Brazil. Capillary blood samples were taken to measure hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and used to determine anemia status. Dietary data was assessed using two multiple-pass 24-h recalls and the consumption of UPF was classified according to the NOVA system. Results UPF account for 42.6% of total energy intake. Children in the highest tertile of UPF consumption had significantly lower risk of anemia (Hb &lt; 110 g/L) compared to those in the lowest tertile (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1; OR 0.56 95% CI 0.39 to 0.82). Similarly, a 10% increase in the consumption of UPF was associated with a 22% lower risk of anemia (95% CI 0.64 to 0.94). Conversely, consumption of UPF was negatively associated with consumption of unprocessed/minimally processed foods. Finally, as the contribution of UPF to total energy intake increased, the intake of added sugars, total fats, and sodium increased, whereas the intake of proteins, fiber, and calcium decreased. Conclusions The consumption of fortified UPF was associated with a lower risk of anemia and a poor diet quality in children from a low-income community in Brazil. The co-existence of normal Hb with poor diet quality suggests the need for a more nuanced assessment of dietary patterns in low-income settings to best address this paradoxical situation as the prevalence of the double burden of disease continues to increase throughout the world. Funding Sources Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES).

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