scholarly journals Self-Report Dieters: Who Are They?

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Sares-Jäske ◽  
Paul Knekt ◽  
Satu Männistö ◽  
Olavi Lindfors ◽  
Markku Heliövaara
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intentional Weight Loss ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Actual Health

Dieting attempts have become popular worldwide. Dieting, however, seems to have both positive and negative health-related consequences. So far, only a few studies have focused on the determinants of dieting in detail. This study explores the association between self-report dieting attempts and intentional weight loss (IWL) during the previous year and several demographic, lifestyle, health, and psychological factors in a cross-sectional study design using data from the representative Finnish Health 2000 Survey. The sample comprised 2147 men and 2378 women, aged 30–69. Information for potential determinants was assembled via health examinations, interviews, and questionnaires. Approximately 24% of the men and 39% of the women reported dieting attempts and 10% of the men and 15% of the women reported IWL. Dieting attempts were associated with younger age, education, BMI, formerly smoking, more favourable values in lifestyle variables, and unfavorable values in serum HDL and triglycerides, a worse sense of coherence, concerns about one’s appearance, and concerns about one’s health. Among men, diabetics and those sleeping ≤6 h a night more frequently reported dieting attempts and those with osteoarthritis reported IWL. Moreover, the gradient between BMI and dieting attempts was significantly stronger in men than in women. Men seem to attempt dieting when they have actual health-related reasons, while such reasons are not so strongly associated with dieting in women. These findings can be used for determining subpopulations with obesity and real weight-loss needs and, alternatively, subpopulations with normal weight unnecessarily attempting dieting.

scholarly journals Prevalence of nutritional deficiency in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Gomes Nunes Piva ◽  
Maria da Conceicao Nascimento Costa ◽  
Florisneide Rodrigues Barreto ◽  
Susan Martins Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Nutritional Deficiency ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Using Data

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of nutritional deficiency among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using data obtained from the Brazilian Case Registry Database and from the medical records of patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (15-59 years of age) residing in one of the municipalities that make up the 16th Regional Health District of the state of Bahia. We calculated the incidence, lethality, and mortality rates, as well as the prevalence of nutritional deficiency, as evaluated by body mass index. Demographic, social, clinical, and epidemiological data were collected. RESULTS: Of the 72 confirmed cases of tuberculosis, 59 (81.9%) were in males, and 21 (29.2%) of the patients were in the 40-49 year age bracket. The majority (85.3%) described themselves as Mulatto or Black; 55.2% reported using alcohol; and approximately 90% were treated as outpatients. In the district and age bracket studied, the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis was 30.6/100,000 population. Among the 72 patients, data regarding nutritional status was available for 34. Of those, 50% and 25%, respectively, presented nutritional deficiency at the beginning and at the end of treatment. No statistically significant differences were found between normal-weight and malnourished patients regarding the characteristics studied. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of nutritional deficiency was high among our sample of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. This underscores the importance of nutritional follow-up for the assessment of tuberculosis treatment in the decision-making process regarding therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Are normal-weight adolescents satisfied with their weight?

2016 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Contiero San Martini ◽  
Daniela de Assumpção ◽  
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros ◽  
Ana Maria Canesqui ◽  
Antonio de Azevedo Barros Filho
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The City ◽  
Prevalence Ratios ◽  
Domestic Appliances

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The high prevalence of obesity has led to public policies for combating it. People with normal weight may gain greater awareness of this issue and change their perceptions of their weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of body weight dissatisfaction among normal-weight adolescents, according to demographic and socioeconomic variables, health-related behavior and morbidities. DESIGN AND SETTING: Population-based cross-sectional study that used data from a health survey conducted in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, in 2008-2009. METHODS: The prevalence and prevalence ratios of weight dissatisfaction were estimated according to independent variables, by means of simple and multiple Poisson regression. RESULTS: 573 normal-weight adolescents aged 10 to 19 years (mean age 14.7 years) were analyzed. The prevalence of weight dissatisfaction was 43.7% (95% confidence interval, CI: 37.8-49.8). Higher prevalences of weight dissatisfaction were observed among females, individuals aged 15 to 19 years, those whose households had eight or more domestic appliances, former smokers, individuals who reported alcohol intake and those who had one or more chronic diseases. Lower prevalence of dissatisfaction was observed among adolescents living in substandard housing. Among the normal-weight adolescents, 26.1% wished to lose weight and 17.6% wished to gain weight. CONCLUSION: The results from this study indicate that even when weight is seen to be within the normal range, a high proportion of adolescents express dissatisfaction with their weight, especially females, older adolescents and those of higher socioeconomic level.

scholarly journals Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Anticoagulated Patients with Warfarin Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3714
Author(s):  
Johana Alejandra Moreno-Drada ◽  
Alex Junio Silva da Cruz ◽  
Matheus Luis Soares de Faria ◽  
Luís Otávio Miranda Cota ◽  
Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Anticoagulated Patients

To evaluate factors associated with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients under oral anticoagulant therapy with warfarin, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Validated questionnaires assessed self-reported periodontal disease, demographic variables, and OHRQoL using the short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) instrument. After calibration (Kappa > 0.60), an examiner evaluated patients’ experience with dental caries and the need for dental prostheses. Statistical analysis involved proportions and measures of central tendency. Negative binomial regression models were used to estimate the rate ratios (RR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). The sample consisted of 158 individuals, with a mean age of 58.8 years (SD = 12.1), of which 62.7% of the participants were women. The OHIP-14 mean was 10.62 (SD = 10.92). A higher OHIP-14 total score (worse OHRQoL) was associated with ethnic group, age, periodontal disease self-report, dental caries, and oral health self-report. Demographic and clinical factors can negatively influence the perception of anticoagulated patients on OHRQoL.

scholarly journals Is Rheumatoid Arthritis Related to Coffee Consumption in Korea? A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7880
Author(s):  
Sang-Gyun Kim ◽  
Jong Woo Kang ◽  
Seong Min Jeong ◽  
Gwan Gyu Song ◽  
Sung Jae Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship

Coffee consumption is gradually increasing in Korea. As a result, interest in the relationship between coffee consumption and various diseases is growing. Several factors affect the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and coffee consumption may be related. We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2012–2016). A total of 12,465 eligible participants (4819 men and 7646 women) were included in the study. Participants with RA were defined as those who were diagnosed and currently being treated by physicians. Daily coffee consumption amounts were categorized as none, <1 cup, 1–2 cups, 2–3 cups, and ≥3 cups a day based on a self-report. A multivariable logistic regression model was employed, and we calculated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the odds of participants having RA with respect to coffee consumption. Compared to the no-coffee group, the ORs for RA in the <1 cup and 1–2 cups groups were 2.99 (95% CI 0.33–27.28) and 2.63 (95% CI 0.31–22.63) in men, respectively, and the ORs for RA for women in the <1 cup, 1–2 cups, 2–3 cups, and ≥3 cups groups were 0.62 (95% CI 0.31–1.26), 0.67 (95% CI 0.33–1.37), 1.08 (95% CI 0.35–3.36), and 1.43 (95% CI 0.25–8.36), respectively. Our study concludes, therefore, that daily coffee consumption is not related to the prevalence of RA in the general Korean population.

scholarly journals Self-report health-related quality of life among children and adolescents from Bogotá, Colombia. The FUPRECOL study

2017 ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darío Fernando Gaitán López ◽  
Jorge Enrique Correa Bautista ◽  
Stefano Vinaccia ◽  
Robinson Ramírez Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Missing Values ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Objective: To describe by self-report the HRQoL among schoolchildren from Bogotá, Colombia belonging to the FUPRECOL study. Methods: A cross-sectional study in 3,245 children and 3,354 adolescents, between 9 and 17.9 years old, participated in the study. Spanish version of the EQ-5D-Y was self-assessment. Percentages of missing values and reported problems were calculated. The data was analyzed by measurement of central tendency stratified by age group, and to compare them to international references. Results: A total of 58.3%, (n= 3,848) were women. In all ages, the HRQoL was higher in boys than in girls. To compare by sex, the dimensions of the EQ-5D-Y "feeling worried, sad or unhappy" and "having pain or discomfort", showed the highest frequency among women. Overall, our HRQoL were higher than South Africa, Germany and Italy references. Conclusion: The HRQoL was higher in boys than in girls The HRQoL. The dimensions of the EQ-5D-Y "feeling worried, sad or unhappy" and "having pain or discomfort", showed the highest frequency. The HRQoL by age and sex may be used in the evaluation of the health perceived among schoolchildren from Bogotá.

scholarly journals The Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Ulcerative Colitis in a Northeast Brazilian Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno César da Silva ◽  
Andre Castro Lyra ◽  
Carlos Maurício Cardeal Mendes ◽  
Camila Paula Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
Sonyara Rauedys Oliveira Lisboa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Family History ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rural Patients

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of UC in Bahia, a Brazilian state, and to identify the variables associated with extensive colitis, steroid therapy, immunosuppression, and colectomy.Methods. In this cross-sectional study UC patients were interviewed, and additional information was collected from the medical records. Descriptive statistics and multivariate Poisson regression analysis were used.Results. This study included 267 individuals, the mean age of whom was 39.4 years at diagnosis. There was a predominance of females and left-side colitis. Extensive colitis was positively associated with male gender, diarrhea, weight loss, and a younger age at diagnosis. In contrast, active smoking and a family history of IBD were negatively associated with extensive colitis. Positive associations were observed between steroid therapy and diarrhea, weight loss, urban patients, extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs), and hospitalization. Younger age and weight loss at diagnosis, a family history of IBD, extensive colitis, EIMs, hospitalization, and steroid therapy were all positively associated with immunosuppression. In contrast, Caucasian individuals, smokers, patients with rectal bleeding, and rural patients areas were all observed to have a decreased likelihood of immunosuppression.Conclusions. Our results corroborate the association between higher prevalence of extensive colitis and younger age at diagnosis. An association between steroid therapy and clinical presentation at diagnosis was observed. The observation that white individuals and rural patients use less immunosuppressive drugs highlights the need to study the influence of environmental and genetic factors on the behavior of UC in this population.

scholarly journals Tentativas de Controlo do Peso na População Adulta Portuguesa: Prevalência, Motivos e Comportamentos

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Santos ◽  
Ana M. Andrade ◽  
Pedro J. Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maintenance Strategies ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

<strong>Introduction:</strong> In Portugal, there are no representative data on how many people are actively trying to control their weight and which strategies and motives underlie those attempts. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of weight loss/maintenance attempts and to identify the associated behavioral strategies and motives, in a representative sample of Portuguese adults.<br /><strong>Material and Methods</strong>: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 1098 Portuguese adults. Sociodemographic information, anthropometric data and weight loss/maintenance strategies and motives were assessed by telephone interview.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: About 44% of Portuguese adults (53% women and 35% men) are actively trying to control their weight. About 22% of women with normal weight are trying to lose weight while 53% of men and 34% of women with excess weight are not trying to manage their weight. About 49% of men with higher educational level are trying to control their weight, which compares to 32% among the least educated men. The most frequently used strategy to manage weight is regular vegetable consumption and the motives most frequently<br />reported were improving health/preventing diseases and improving wellbeing.<br /><strong>Discussion and Conclusion</strong>: More than half of Portuguese women and about one-third of men are actively trying to control their weight, using behavioral strategies which are generally consistent with public health recommendations. The predominant motives are related to improving health and wellbeing. This study contributes to understanding weight management in Portugal, and could be useful in the development of obesity prevention strategies that match the population profile.<br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: Behavior; Obesity; Overweight; Portugal; Weight Loss.

scholarly journals Micronutrient and anthropometric status indicators are associated with physical fitness in Colombian schoolchildren

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 1832-1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne E. Arsenault ◽  
Mercedes Mora-Plazas ◽  
Yibby Forero ◽  
Sandra Lopez-Arana ◽  
Germán Jáuregui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Erythrocyte Folate

Poor physical fitness is associated with increased health-related risks in children. The association of nutritional status indicators and physical fitness in children residing in developing countries is not well characterised. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1945 children of age 5–12 years in Bogotá, Colombia, to assess whether anthropometric and micronutrient status indicators were associated with performance in the shuttle run and standing long jump tests. Stunted children scored significantly lower in the run (0·4 s; P = 0·0002) and jump (6 cm; boys only; P = 0·003) tests than non-stunted children, after adjustment for age and other factors. Children who were thin, overweight or obese ran slower than normal-weight children (P < 0·01). Lower jump scores were associated with overweight or obesity and greater arm fat area in boys only (P < 0·0001). Girls with low ferritin concentrations ran 0·6 s slower than girls with normal ferritin concentrations (P = 0·02). Erythrocyte folate concentrations were linearly related to higher run (P < 0·0001) and long jump scores (P = 0·0001). Boys with marginal or low vitamin B12 status had 4 cm lower long jump scores than children with normal status (P = 0·01). Suboptimal anthropometric and micronutrient status are related to poorer performance in fitness tests. The effects of improving nutritional status on physical fitness of children warrant investigation.

scholarly journals Differences in Health-Related Quality of Life After Gastric Bypass Surgery: a Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Antonsson ◽  
André Wennersten ◽  
Kaisa Sörensen ◽  
Sara Regnér ◽  
Mikael Ekelund
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background Gastric bypass (GBP) is a surgical method with good evidence of sustainable weight loss, reduced obesity-related comorbidities, and improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, long-term data post-GBP is scarce on HRQoL related to other factors than weight loss, such as impact of socio-economic, age, and gender. Aim To investigate long-term HRQoL in GBP patients. Methods The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study covering 3 to 9 years post-GBP measuring HRQoL using RAND-36. Association to weight loss, time since surgery, gender, educational level, occupation, and age was analyzed. The participants were included on the basis that they had received a GBP that was performed by Region Skåne, the southernmost administrative healthcare region in Sweden. Recruitment to the study was by mail invitation for an online survey. Results Of the total population of 5310 persons receiving the questionnaire, 1339 of the 1372 responders fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Those with low educational level, unemployed, persons on sick leave or disability support, and those with less weight loss reported the lowest HRQoL. The longer time since surgery, the lower the HRQoL. Conclusion Less weight loss, longer time since GBP, lower educational level, and lower degree of employment all affect HRQoL negatively after GBP surgery. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Social Inequalities in Breakfast Consumption among Adolescents in Spain: The DESKcohort Project

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2500
Author(s):  
Laura Esquius ◽  
Alicia Aguilar-Martínez ◽  
Marina Bosque-Prous ◽  
Helena González-Casals ◽  
Anna Bach-Faig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Regulation ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

Breakfast has a critical role in energy balance and dietary regulation. Consequently, it is considered an important component of a healthy diet, especially in adolescence, when there are great opportunities to consolidate habits and establish future patterns of healthiness in adulthood. Socioeconomic position (SEP) causes inequalities that are reflected in health behaviors, physical activity, mental health, and diet. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the 2019–2020 DESKcohort project (Spain) to explore the relationships between breakfast and sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, and school performance of 7319 adolescents. Our findings showed that the prevalence of skipping breakfast every day was 19.4% in girls and 13.7% in boys and was related to students’ SEP. The risk of skipping breakfast was 30% higher in girls from the most disadvantaged SEP, in comparison to those in the most advanced SEP (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.30; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.11–1.54). Also, boys from the most disadvantaged SEP showed 28% higher risk of skipping breakfast than those in the most advanced SEP (PR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.04–1.59). In conclusion, future public policies should be adapted considering a SEP and gender perspective to avoid increasing nutritional and health inequalities.

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