scholarly journals Are normal-weight adolescents satisfied with their weight?

2016 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Contiero San Martini ◽  
Daniela de Assumpção ◽  
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros ◽  
Ana Maria Canesqui ◽  
Antonio de Azevedo Barros Filho
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The City ◽  
Prevalence Ratios ◽  
Domestic Appliances

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The high prevalence of obesity has led to public policies for combating it. People with normal weight may gain greater awareness of this issue and change their perceptions of their weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of body weight dissatisfaction among normal-weight adolescents, according to demographic and socioeconomic variables, health-related behavior and morbidities. DESIGN AND SETTING: Population-based cross-sectional study that used data from a health survey conducted in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, in 2008-2009. METHODS: The prevalence and prevalence ratios of weight dissatisfaction were estimated according to independent variables, by means of simple and multiple Poisson regression. RESULTS: 573 normal-weight adolescents aged 10 to 19 years (mean age 14.7 years) were analyzed. The prevalence of weight dissatisfaction was 43.7% (95% confidence interval, CI: 37.8-49.8). Higher prevalences of weight dissatisfaction were observed among females, individuals aged 15 to 19 years, those whose households had eight or more domestic appliances, former smokers, individuals who reported alcohol intake and those who had one or more chronic diseases. Lower prevalence of dissatisfaction was observed among adolescents living in substandard housing. Among the normal-weight adolescents, 26.1% wished to lose weight and 17.6% wished to gain weight. CONCLUSION: The results from this study indicate that even when weight is seen to be within the normal range, a high proportion of adolescents express dissatisfaction with their weight, especially females, older adolescents and those of higher socioeconomic level.

scholarly journals Edentulism, Severe Tooth Loss and Lack of Functional Dentition in Elders: A Study in Southern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Garcez Ribeiro ◽  
Andreia Morales Cascaes ◽  
Alexandre Emídio Ribeiro Silva ◽  
Lenise Menezes Seerig ◽  
Gustavo Giacomelli Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Prosthetic Rehabilitation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Functional Dentition ◽  
Prevalence Ratios ◽  
Degrees Of Severity

Abstract The aim of this study was to estimate self-reported prevalence of edentulism, severe tooth loss and lack of functional dentition in elders, and to identify potential associated factors. A population based cross-sectional study was carried out with 1,451 elders (≥60 years), in Pelotas, RS, Brazil. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regressions. The prevalence of edentulism, severe tooth loss and lack of functional dentition was 39.3%, 60.9% and 82.7%, respectively. The factors positively associated with tooth loss in the three-degree severity were sex (females), older individuals, low familial income, low level of schooling and having the last dental visit longer than 24 months ago. The high prevalence of tooth loss in its different degrees of severity and the association with preventable factors highlight the need of programs focused on elders, emphasizing the prevention of tooth loss and need for prosthetic rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Use of prescribed and non-prescribed medications among children living in poor areas in the city of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2032-2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djanilson Barbosa dos Santos ◽  
Mauricio Lima Barreto ◽  
Helena Lutescia Luna Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Poor Children ◽  
Systemic Antibiotics ◽  
The City

A cross-sectional study of children living in poor areas in the city of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, was carried out in 2006 to investigate the prevalence of use of prescribed and non-prescribed medication. This population-based study included 1,382 children aged 4-11 years. The use prescribed and non-prescribed medication during the 15 day period preceding the interview was adopted as the dependent variable. Of the 1,382 children, 663 (48%) had used at least one type of medication in the 15 days prior to the interview: in 267 cases (40.3%), mothers reported that the child had taken prescribed medication, while in 396 cases (59.7%), the child had taken medication that had not been prescribed by a physician. The most commonly prescribed drugs were analgesics (42.3%), systemic antibiotics (21.3%) and antiasthmatic (16.5%). With respect to non-prescribed drugs, the most common were analgesics (65.2%), antitussives (15.7%) and vitamins (9.3%). The results show a high prevalence of the use of non-prescription drugs among poor children, and large drug purchases of drugs by the head of household, highlighting deficiencies in coverage of the health system.

scholarly journals Specific micronutrient concentrations are associated with inflammatory cytokines in a rural population of Mexican women with a high prevalence of obesity

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Zavala ◽  
Kurt Z. Long ◽  
Olga P. García ◽  
María del Carmen Caamaño ◽  
Tania Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

It has been recognised recently that obese individuals have lower concentrations of micronutrients and this may affect the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines. A cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate the association of specific micronutrients' status with chronic inflammation caused by obesity in 280 women (36·1 (sd7·5) years) from seven rural communities in Mexico. Measurements of weight, height and waist circumference were made on all women and body composition was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Concentrations of the cytokines IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12, lipid profile, and the micronutrients Zn and vitamins A, C and E were determined in fasting blood samples. Ordered logistic regression models were used to determine associations between categorised cytokine levels and micronutrients. It was found that 80 % of women were overweight or obese, and had significantly higher concentrations of C-reactive protein than normal-weight women (P= 0·05). The risk of higher levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 was reduced significantly among women with higher Zn concentrations (OR 0·63, 95 % CI 0·42, 0·96,P= 0·03; OR 0·57, 95 % CI 0·39, 0·86,P= 0·025; OR 0·63, 95 % CI 0·41, 0·96,P= 0·04; OR 0·62, 95 % CI 0·41, 0·95,P= 0·03, respectively). Higher concentrations of vitamin A were slightly associated with reduced risks of higher levels of IL-1 and IL-12 (OR 0·97, 95 % CI 0·95, 0·99,P= 0·03; OR 0·97, 95 % CI 0·94, 0·99,P= 0·03, respectively); when adjusting for BMI, this association was lost. No associations were found between vitamin C or vitamin E:lipids concentrations and inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, higher Zn concentrations are associated with reduced risks of higher concentration of inflammation markers in a population of women with a high prevalence of obesity.

scholarly journals Equity of access to Pap smears: population-based study in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 136-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Mae Schmidt Lima Amorim ◽  
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Equity Of Access ◽  
The City

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of the Papanicolaou exam among women aged 20 to 59 years in the city of Campinas (state of São Paulo, Brazil) and to analyze associations between this test and affiliation to private health insurance plans as well as socioeconomic/demographic variables and health-related behavior. METHOD: To do so, a population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out. Statistical analyses took the study design into account. RESULTS: Despite the significant socioeconomic differences between women with and without private health plans, no differences between these groups were found regarding having been submitted to the Papanicolaou test. In fact no differences were found as to socioeconomic and health variables analyzed. Among all variables analyzed, only marital status was significantly associated with having undergone the test. The Brazilian public health system accounted for 55.7% of the exams. CONCLUSION: The present findings indicate social equity in the city of Campinas regarding the preventive exam for cervical cancer in the age group studied.

scholarly journals INTERNET ADDICTION AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN A WESTERN BRAZILIAN AMAZONIAN CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane Dalamaria ◽  
Wagner de Jesus Pinto ◽  
Edson dos Santos Farias ◽  
Orivaldo Florencio de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reading Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
The City ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

ABSTRACT Objective: Analyze the prevalence and factors associated with internet addiction in a sample of high school adolescents in Acre, a state in northern Brazil. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,387 adolescents between 14 and 18 years old enrolled in high schools in the city of Rio Branco, Acre. A structured questionnaire with questions about demographics, family and behavioral patterns was applied. Internet addiction was verified using the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), with a cutoff equal to or greater than 70 points. The associated factors were identified by multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: The overall prevalence of Internet addiction was 10.6%. Higher dependence was observed in females. The factors associated with Internet addiction were being female, using the computer for more than two hours a day during weekdays and on the weekend, not practicing physical activities and going out to dance at nightclubs and concerts at least once a month. A protective association of reading habits in relation to Internet dependence was observed. Conclusions: The present study showed a high prevalence of Internet dependence, with female adolescents being more susceptible. Behavioral aspects were associated with internet dependence in a sample of adolescents from Rio Branco, Acre.

Prevalence of Insufficient Physical Activity and Associated Factors in Brazilian Adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 777-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano Peixoto Bastos ◽  
Cora Luiza Pavin Araújo ◽  
Pedro Curi Hallal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Health Related

Background:We aimed to describe levels of physical activity (PA) in adolescents living in southern Brazil and to explore associations between PA levels and demographic, socioeconomic, health-related, and parental variables. A further aim was to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire used.Methods:We conducted a population-based, cross-sectional study including 857 adolescents selected randomly. Insufficient PA was defined as <300 min/wk of MVPA. PA data collected by questionnaire were compared with pedometer counts and with a longer version of the questionnaire in a subsample of 92 adolescents.Results:Reliability of the questionnaire was good, and its validity in comparison with a longer questionnaire was also satisfactory. In comparison with pedometer data, the questionnaire presented moderate agreement. The prevalence of insufficient PA in the whole sample was 69.8% (95% CI = 66.7–72.9). Boys were more active than girls. The prevalence of insufficient PA increased with age in girls but not in boys. Among boys, those from low socioeconomic levels were more likely to be sedentary. Among girls, paternal PA was directly associated with adolescent activity levels.Conclusions:Urgent strategies aimed at increasing levels of activity of adolescents are necessary in Brazil given the high prevalence of insufficient PA detected in this study. The variables associated with insufficient PA varied between boys and girls.

Minerals Intake Distributions in a Large Sample of Iranian at-Risk Population Using the National Cancer Institute Method: Do They Meet Their Requirements?

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract. Background: Minerals are required for the body’s normal function. Aim: The current study assessed the intake distribution of minerals and estimated the prevalence of inadequacy and excess among a representative sample of healthy middle aged and elderly Iranian people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the second follow up to the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), 1922 generally healthy people aged 40 and older were investigated. Dietary intakes were collected using 24 hour recalls and two or more consecutive food records. Distribution of minerals intake was estimated using traditional (averaging dietary intake days) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) methods, and the results obtained from the two methods, were compared. The prevalence of minerals intake inadequacy or excess was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, the probability approach and the tolerable upper intake levels (UL). Results: There were remarkable differences between values obtained using traditional and NCI methods, particularly in the lower and upper percentiles of the estimated intake distributions. A high prevalence of inadequacy of magnesium (50 - 100 %), calcium (21 - 93 %) and zinc (30 - 55 % for males > 50 years) was observed. Significant gender differences were found regarding inadequate intakes of calcium (21 - 76 % for males vs. 45 - 93 % for females), magnesium (92 % vs. 100 %), iron (0 vs. 15 % for age group 40 - 50 years) and zinc (29 - 55 % vs. 0 %) (all; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severely imbalanced intakes of magnesium, calcium and zinc were observed among the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population. Nutritional interventions and population-based education to improve healthy diets among the studied population at risk are needed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Nutritional Risk and Prevalence of Obesity in Patients with Covid-19 in A Reference Hospital in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 011-015
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Fernandes Weyll Pimentel ◽  
Gilson Cruz de Moraes ◽  
Shalla Gomes Cavalcanti Barcelos ◽  
Pedro Carlos Muniz de Figueiredo ◽  
Magno Conceição Das Merces
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Nrs 2002 ◽  
Study Type ◽  
Nutritional Risk Screening

Abstract Introduction The Coronavirus has spread to almost every country in the world, causing the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The coronavirus stands out among the other infections especially by it's high contagious power and important effects on the respiratory system. The COVID-19 has differents ways of presentation and these are influenced by the patient's previous nutricional status, correlated with the patient's lifestyle and comorbities. Objective this survey seeks to analyze the nutritional status and the prevalence of obesity in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2. Methods: this is a descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study type, which 41 patients affected by COVID-19 were interviewed. Patient's weight and height were used to assess the BMI, and nutritional risk assessment was performed using the Nutritional Risk Screening tool (NRS 2002). For the analysis, Absolute (AF) and Relative Frequency (RF), the mean and the standard deviation were calculated. Results It was observerd that 78% of the participants had a high nutritional risk, while only 22% had a low nutritional risk. Besides that, 34% showed overweight and 41.4% showed obesity. Conclusion the existence of a high prevalence of increased nutritional risk was evidenced, in addition to the high frequency of overweight in patients affected by SARS-CoV-2.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document