Differential Effects of Maternal High Fat Diet During Pregnancy and Lactation on Taste Preferences in Rats

Maternal intake of high fat diet (HFD) increases risk for obesity and metabolic disorders in offspring. Developmental programming of taste preference is a potential mechanism by which this occurs. Whether maternal HFD during pregnancy, lactation, or both, imposes greater risks for altered taste preferences in adult offspring remains a question, and in turn, was investigated in the present study. Four groups of offspring were generated based on maternal HFD access: (1) HFD during pregnancy and lactation (HFD); (2) HFD during pregnancy (HFD-pregnancy); (3) HFD during lactation (HFD-lactation); and (4) normal diet (ND) during pregnancy and lactation (ND). Adult offspring 70 days of age underwent sensory and motivational taste preference testing with various concentrations of sucrose and Intralipid solutions using brief-access automated gustometers (Davis-rigs) and 24 h two-bottle choice tests, respectively. To control for post-gestational diet effects, offspring in all experimental groups were weaned on ND, and did not differ in body weight or glucose tolerance at the time of testing. Offspring exposed to maternal HFD showed increased sensory taste responses for 0.3, 0.6, 1.2 M sucrose solutions in HFD and 0.6 M in HFD-pregnancy groups, compared to animals exposed to ND. Similar effects were noted for lower concentrations of Intralipid in HFD (0.05, 0.10%) and HFD-pregnancy (0.05, 0.10, 0.5%) groups. The HFD-lactation group showed an opposite, diminished responsiveness for sucrose at the highest concentrations (0.9, 1.2, 1.5 M), but not for Intralipid, compared to ND animals. Extended-access two-bottle tests did not reveal major difference across the groups. Our study shows that maternal HFD during pregnancy and lactation has markedly different effects on preferences for palatable sweet and fatty solutions in adult offspring and suggests that such developmental programing may primarily affect gustatory mechanisms. Future studies are warranted for determining the impact of taste changes on development of obesity and metabolic disorders in a “real” food environment with food choices available, as well as to identify specific underlying mechanisms.

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The impact of maternal high-fat feeding on liver and abdominal fat accumulation in adult offspring under a long-term high-fat diet

Hepatology ◽

10.1002/hep.23517 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

pp. 2234-2235 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Adriana L. Burgueño ◽

Julieta Carabelli ◽

Silvia Sookoian ◽

Carlos J. Pirola

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Adult Offspring ◽

High Fat ◽

Fat Accumulation ◽

The Impact ◽

Fat Feeding

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Maternal High-Fat Diet Promotes the Development and Progression of Prostate Cancer in Transgenic Adenocarcinoma Mouse Prostate Offspring

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1159/000491066 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 1862-1870 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tian Yang ◽

Xiaobo Wu ◽

Jimeng Hu ◽

Mengbo Hu ◽

Hua Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Formation Rate ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Tumor Formation ◽

High Fat ◽

Mouse Prostate ◽

The Impact

Background/Aims: We aim to investigate the impact of maternal high fat diet (HFD) on the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa) in transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) offspring. Methods: The TRAMP model was used, and divided into maternal HFD group and normal diet (ND) group in the present study. Each group contained 36 TRAMP mice. Serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, interleukin (IL) -1α, IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 were measured by the 20th, 24th and 28th week old through ProcartaPlex Multiplex Immunoassay. Body fat ratio was measured by MiniQMR. Tumor formation rate was measured through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and mortality rate was measured meantime. Western blot was applied to determine the levels of Protein Kinase B (Akt) and Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). Results: The mortality rate of maternal HFD group was significantly higher than that of ND group (P = 0.046). The tumor formation rate was significantly higher in maternal HFD group than in ND group only in 20th week subgroup (P = 0.040). A significant increase of leptin was seen in maternal HFD 20th and 24th week subgroups (P = 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively) and a decrease of adiponectin was seen in maternal HFD 20th and 28th week subgroups (P =0.006 and < 0.001, respectively). Besides, an activated phos-Akt (P-Akt) and deactivated PTEN were observed in maternal HFD group. Conclusions: Maternal HFD could increase the standard serum leptin level, inhibit the expression of PTEN protein, promote P-Akt protein expression, activate the PI3K/Akt pathway, and ultimately promote the development and progression of PCa in TRAMP offspring.

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Maternal high fat diet during pregnancy and lactation alters hepatic expression of insulin like growth factor-2 and key microRNAs in the adult offspring

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/1471-2164-10-478 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 478 ◽

Cited By ~ 137

Author(s):

Junlong Zhang ◽

Fang Zhang ◽

Xavier Didelot ◽

Kimberley D Bruce ◽

Felino R Cagampang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Adult Offspring ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

High Fat ◽

Hepatic Expression ◽

Pregnancy And Lactation

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Maternal high-fat diet programs cerebrovascular remodeling in adult rat offspring

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism ◽

10.1177/0271678x17731956 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (11) ◽

pp. 1954-1967 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

ChengCheng Lin ◽

XiaoYun Wu ◽

YuLei Zhou ◽

Bei Shao ◽

XiaoTing Niu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Maternal Diet ◽

Control Diet ◽

Endothelial Damage ◽

Adult Offspring ◽

High Fat ◽

Adult Rat ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Pregnancy And Lactation ◽

And Function

Maternal environmental factors such as diet have consequences on later health of the offspring. We found that maternal high-fat diet (HFD) exposure renders adult offspring brain more susceptible to ischemic injury. The present study was further to investigate whether HFD consumption during rat pregnancy and lactation influences the cerebral vasculature in adult male offspring. Besides the endothelial damage observed in the transmission electron microscopy, the MCAs of offspring from fat-fed dams fed with control diet (HFD/C) also displayed increased wall thickness and media/lumen ratio, suggesting that cerebrovascular hypertrophy or hyperplasia occurs. Moreover, smaller lumen diameter and elevated myogenic tone of the MCAs over a range of intralumenal pressures indicate inward cerebrovascular remodeling in HFD/C rats, with a concomitant increase in vessel stiffness. More importantly, both wire and pressure myography demonstrated that maternal HFD intake also enhanced the MCAs contractility to ET-1, accompanied by increases in ET types A receptor (ETAR) but not B (ETBR) density in the arteries. Furthermore, ETAR antagonism but not ETBR antagonism restored maternal HFD-induced cerebrovascular dysfunction in adult offspring. Taken together, maternal diet can substantially influence adult offspring cerebrovascular health, through remodeling of both structure and function, at least partially in an ET-1 manner.

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A Maternal High Fat Diet Leads to Sex-Specific Programming of Mechanical Properties in Supraspinatus Tendons of Adult Rat Offspring

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.729427 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Scott M. Bolam ◽

Vidit V. Satokar ◽

Subhajit Konar ◽

Brendan Coleman ◽

Andrew Paul Monk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Maternal Diet ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Female Offspring ◽

Male Offspring ◽

Chow Diet ◽

Adult Offspring ◽

High Fat ◽

The Impact

Background: Over half of women of reproductive age are now overweight or obese. The impact of maternal high-fat diet (HFD) is emerging as an important factor in the development and health of musculoskeletal tissues in offspring, however there is a paucity of evidence examining its effects on tendon. Alterations in the early life environment during critical periods of tendon growth therefore have the potential to influence tendon health that cross the lifespan. We hypothesised that a maternal HFD would alter biomechanical, morphological and gene expression profiles of adult offspring rotator cuff tendon.Materials and Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to either: control diet (CD; 10% kcal or 43 mg/g from fat) or HFD (45% kcal or 235 mg/g from fat) 14 days prior to mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Eight female and male offspring from each maternal diet group were weaned onto a standard chow diet and then culled at postnatal day 100 for tissue collection. Supraspinatus tendons were used for mechanical testing and histological assessment (cellularity, fibre organisation, nuclei shape) and tail tendons were collected for gene expression analysis.Results: A maternal HFD increased the elasticity (Young's Modulus) in the supraspinatus tendon of male offspring. Female offspring tendon biomechanical properties were not affected by maternal HFD. Gene expression of SCX and COL1A1 were reduced in male and female offspring of maternal HFD, respectively. Despite this, tendon histological organisation were similar between maternal diet groups in both sexes.Conclusion: An obesogenic diet during pregnancy increased tendon elasticity in male, but not female, offspring. This is the first study to demonstrate that maternal diet can modulate the biomechanical properties of offspring tendon. A maternal HFD may be an important factor in regulating adult offspring tendon homeostasis that may predispose offspring to developing tendinopathies and adverse tendon outcomes in later life.

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Purple-leaf tea (Camellia sinensis L.) ameliorates high-fat diet induced obesity and metabolic disorder through the modulation of the gut microbiota in mice

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies ◽

10.1186/s12906-020-03171-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yu-Chun Lin ◽

Hsu-Feng Lu ◽

Jui-Chieh Chen ◽

Hsiu-Chen Huang ◽

Yu-Hsin Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Camellia Sinensis ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Normal Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Hepatic Diseases ◽

Purple Leaf

Abstract Background Obesity and its associated diseases have become a major world-wide health problem. Purple-leaf Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) (PLT), that is rich of anthocyanins, has been shown to have preventive effects on obesity and metabolic disorders. The intestinal microbiota has been shown to contribute to inflammation, obesity, and several metabolic disorders. However, whether PLT consumption could prevent obesity and diet-induced metabolic diseases by modulating the gut microbiota, is not clearly understood. Methods In this study, six-week-old male C57BL/6 J mice were fed a normal diet (ND) or a high fat diet (HFD) without or with PLT for 10 weeks. Results PLT modulated the gut microbiota in mice and alleviated the symptoms of HFD-induced metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance, adipocyte hypertrophy, and hepatic steatosis. PLT increased the diversity of the microbiota and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. f_Barnesiellaceae, g_Barnesiella, f_Ruminococcaceae, and f_Lachnospiraceae were discriminating faecal bacterial communities of the PLT mice that differed from the HFD mice. Conclusions These data indicate that PLT altered the microbial contents of the gut and prevented microbial dysbiosis in the host, and consequently is involved in the modulation of susceptibility to insulin resistance, hepatic diseases, and obesity that are linked to an HFD.

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Maternal N-Acetyl Cysteine Intake Improved Glucose Tolerance in Obese Mice Offspring

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21061981 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 1981

Author(s):

Michal Michlin ◽

Lital Argaev-Frenkel ◽

Liza Weinstein-Fudim ◽

Asher Ornoy ◽

Tovit Rosenzweig

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Early Life ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Obese Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Pregnancy And Lactation ◽

Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion

Exposure to certain environmental factors during the early stages of development was found to affect health in adulthood. Among other environmental factors, oxidative stress has been suggested to be involved in fetal programming, leading to elevated risk for metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes; however, the possibility that antioxidant consumption during early life may affect the development of diabetes has scarcely been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) given during pregnancy and lactation on the susceptibility of offspring to develop glucose intolerance at adulthood. C57bl6/J mice were given NAC during pregnancy and lactation. High fat diet (HFD) was given to offspring at an age of 6 weeks for an additional 9 weeks, till the end of the study. Isolated islets of NAC-treated offspring (6 weeks old, before HFD feeding) had an increased efficacy of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and a higher resistance to oxidative damage. Following HFD feeding, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity of NAC-treated offspring were improved. In addition, islet diameter was lower in male offspring of NAC-treated mice compared to their HFD-fed littermates. NAC consumption during early life improves glucose tolerance in adulthood in mice.

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Kiwifruit Supplementation Increases the Activity of the Paraoxonase Enzyme and decreases Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein in High-Fat Diet Fed Hamsters

Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry ◽

10.34172/ajmb.2020.09 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 58-63

Author(s):

Narjes Rezaei ◽

Zahra Zaherijamil ◽

Shirin Moradkhani ◽

Massoud Saidijam ◽

Iraj khodadadi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Paraoxonase 1 ◽

Low Density ◽

Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Fat ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

The Impact

Background: It is shown that kiwifruit elevates serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and exhibits beneficial effects on human health due to its antioxidant potential. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of kiwifruit on the activity of the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme, as a main antioxidant enzyme in HDL functionality, in a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods: To this end, 42 male Syrian hamsters were divided into 6 groups including hamsters receiving a normal diet (the control normal group), a regular diet supplemented with kiwifruit at two concentrations (i.e., 1.86 g/kg and 3.73 g/kg), a HFD comprised of 15% butterfat + 0.05% cholesterol (the control high-fat group), and a HFD supplemented with kiwifruit at two concentrations (i.e., 1.86 and 3.73 g/kg) for 8 weeks. Results: The results showed that supplementation of kiwifruit to the HFD increased the levels of HDL-C and remarkably reduced the concentrations of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) compared with the control-HF group. In addition, the paraoxonase activity of PON1 significantly increased in HFD supplemented with kiwifruit (1.86 g/kg), and finally, arylesterase (ARE) activity increased in all treated groups when compared with untreated groups. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that kiwifruit can improve the lipid profile and prevent oxidative stress-induced by lipid peroxidation in hamsters receiving HFD, thus increasing the ARE and paraoxonase activities of PON1.

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Maternal High Fat Diet Consumption Exaggerates Metabolic Disorders in Mice With Cigarette-Smoking Induced Intrauterine Undernutrition

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.638576 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Taida Huang ◽

Mo Yang ◽

Yunxin Zeng ◽

Xiaomin Huang ◽

Nan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Disorder ◽

Maternal Smoking ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

The Body ◽

Adverse Impact ◽

Adult Offspring ◽

High Fat ◽

Gestation Age

Objectives: Maternal smoking causes fetal underdevelopment and results in births which are small for gestation age due to intrauterine undernutrition, leading to various metabolic disorders in adulthood. Furthermore, postnatal high fat diet (HFD) consumption is also a potent obesogenic factor, which can interact with maternal smoking. In this study, we aimed to determine whether maternal HFD consumption during pregnancy can reverse the adverse impact of maternal smoking and change the response to postnatal HFD consumption.Methods: Female mice were exposed to cigarette smoke (SE, 2 cigarettes/day) or sham exposed for 5 weeks before mating, with half of the SE dams fed HFD (43% fat, SE+HFD). The same treatment continued throughout gestation and lactation. Male offspring from each maternal group were fed the same HFD or chow after weaning and sacrificed at 13 weeks.Results: Maternal SE alone increased body weight and fat mass in HFD-fed offspring, while SE+HFD offspring showed the highest energy intake and glucose metabolic disorder in adulthood. In addition, postnatal HFD increased the body weight and aggravated the metabolic disorder caused by maternal SE and SE+HFD.Conclusions: Maternal HFD consumption could not ameliorate the adverse effect of maternal SE but exaggerate metabolic disorders in adult offspring. Smoking cessation and a healthy diet are needed during pregnancy to optimize the health outcome in the offspring.

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