scholarly journals Vitamin D Insufficiency May Account for Almost Nine of Ten COVID-19 Deaths: Time to Act. Comment on: “Vitamin D Deficiency and Outcome of COVID-19 Patients”. Nutrients 2020, 12, 2757

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermann Brenner ◽  
Ben Schöttker
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation

Evidence from observational studies is accumulating, suggesting that the majority of deaths due to SARS-CoV-2 infections are statistically attributable to vitamin D insufficiency and could potentially be prevented by vitamin D supplementation [...]

Effects of Stratified Vitamin D Supplementation in Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals with Vitamin D Insufficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 747-753
Author(s):  
Yanhui Lu ◽  
Xiaomin Fu ◽  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Minyan Liu ◽  
Xiaoling Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Severe Vitamin

AbstractThe incidence of vitamin D deficiency is high globally, and vitamin D supplementation draws particular attention. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of stratified vitamin D supplementation in middle-aged and elderly individuals with vitamin D insufficiency in Beijing. A total of 448 subjects aged over 40 years old were selected from a community in Beijing. Among them, 100 middle-aged and elderly people with vitamin D insufficiency were randomly selected on a voluntary basis. They were further divided into control group and intervention group. The control group received health education and lifestyle guidance, and the intervention group received lifestyle guidance and vitamin D supplementation for nine months. The doses were stratified as follows: for vitamin D insufficiency, oral vitamin D3 supplement was given at 5000 IU/w; for mild vitamin D deficiency, oral vitamin D3 supplement was given at 10 000 IU/w; for severe vitamin D deficiency, oral vitamin D3 supplement was given at 15 000 IU/w. Safety evaluation was conducted after three-month treatment. The intervention group consisted of 8%, 62%, and 30% of cases who had vitamin D insufficiency, mild vitamin D deficiency, and severe vitamin D deficiency, respectively, which were similar with the control group. It showed that the blood 25(OH)D level increased significantly in the intervention group, from 14.30±4.30 ng/ml to 33.62±6.99 ng/ml (p<0.001), in contrast to insignificant change in the control group. Stratified vitamin D supplementation effectively increased the blood 25(OH)D level, as well as the number of cases with corrected vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency.

scholarly journals Vitamin D monitoring and management within men's secure services

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S337-S338
Author(s):  
Jason Niblett ◽  
Shay-Anne Pantall ◽  
Anis Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
High Rate ◽  
List Type ◽  
Electronic Patient Records

AimsTo audit the investigation, identification and treatment of Vitamin D deficiency within Men's Secure Services.BackgroundVitamin D and/or vitamin D deficiency has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of mental illness. There is evidence that Vitamin D inadequacy is pandemic among rehabilitation patients in inpatient settings. Patients within secure hospitals are similarly considered to be at high risk, due to their limited solar exposure during often lengthy admissions. It has been suggested that these patients should be considered an ‘at-risk’ cohort, for whom Vitamin D supplementation should be routine. Men's secure services in Birmingham comprise of two medium secure units and a low secure rehabilitation unit. Here we present an audit of Vitamin D monitoring and treatment completed in 2019.MethodA three year retrospective review of electronic patient records, for all inpatients admitted within men's secure services as of 1 September 2019 (n = 188). Standards were based on the Trust accepted guidelines for management of Vitamin D deficiency.ResultKey findings included:- The majority of inpatients were Caucasian (43%) and African-Caribbean (24%). Ages ranged from 18 to 70, with a mean age of 39.Approximately two-thirds (65%) had been in hospital for over a year, of which 44% had been admitted for more than 3 years. The average length of admission was 885 days.Only 47% of patients had their Vitamin D level checked within the study period.Of those checked, 24% were tested within 1 month of admission. The mean duration between admission and Vitamin D testing was 464 days.Results ranged from 10.3 to 118.5nmol/L. A high rate of Vitamin D deficiency was identified (54%), whilst a further 16% had ‘inadequate’ levels.23% of those identified as requiring treatment did not receive any supplementation, whilst 59% of those with sufficient Vitamin D were prescribed treatment.Only 48% had their levels rechecked following treatment; of these, only 59% now had an adequate Vitamin D status.ConclusionThis audit demonstrates limited Vitamin D monitoring within male forensic inpatients. There was a high prevalence of Vitamin D insufficiency in this population, yet a substantial proportion of patients with identified deficiency were not prescribed any treatment. Ongoing monitoring and review of treatment effectiveness was poor. We argue that more consideration should be given to this population, with robust guidelines introduced for the treatment of this specific ‘at-risk group’.

scholarly journals An evaluation of association of vitamin D insufficiency with gestational hypertension in pregnant women

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3109
Author(s):  
Khan Arshiya ◽  
Srivastava Meenakshi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a disease specific to pregnancy affecting many bodily systems. This is characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria after the 20th week of pregnancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate of association of vitamin D insufficiency with gestational hypertension in pregnant women.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 104 pregnant women were included in the study. The diagnosis of gestational hypertension was confirmed using the “Report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy” criteria. Based on these criteria, patients with systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg (measured after a period of rest of four hours, twice daily) and proteinuria (≥300 mg protein/24 h) were diagnosed as gestational hypertension.Results: Vitamin D deficiency was found among 78.9% (90/114) women. There was no significant (p >0.05) difference in age of women between vitamin D deficient and sufficient. Vitamin D level was significantly (p = 0.0001) lower among the women between Vitamin D deficient (15.93±4.66) and sufficient (35.70±3.25). There was no significant (p >0.05) association of Vitamin D level with parity, family history of hypertension, blood pressure, gestational age and fasting blood glucose. There was significant (p = 0.0001) difference in BMI between Vitamin D deficient (30.10±4.95) and sufficient (24.04±2.75). Tobacco consumption was also associated with the level of Vitamin D. There was significant negative correlation between BMI and Vitamin D level (r = -0.56, p = 0.00011).Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that vitamin D plays a role in the ethology and pathophysiology of gestational hypertension. Among the population having the risk of vitamin D deficiency, the risk of pregnancy induced hypertension may be decreased through vitamin D supplementation.

scholarly journals Status and influential factors of vitamin D among children aged 0 to 6 years in a Chinese population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Zhijuan Li ◽  
Yarong Wei ◽  
Jinyan Fu ◽  
Yaling Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Wuxi City ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background : Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in childhood are common. However, the status and influential factors of vitamin D during different ages are not clear. This study aimed to survey vitamin D concentrations in children aged 0 to 6 years and explore its influential factors. Methods: A total of 6953 children were recruited in Wuxi City of East China from January to December in 2016. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Results: The median vitamin D concentrations in the infant group (0-1 years of age) was 69.40 nmol/L, which were higher than that in both the toddlerhood group (1-3 years of age; 62.30 nmol/L) and the preschool group (3-6 years of age; 50.85 nmol/L). In addition, the median vitamin D concentrations were 71.70 nmol/L in summer, which was higher than that in spring (64.25 nmol/L), autumn (62.95 nmol/L) and winter (64.10 nmol/L). However, no difference was observed between genders ( P = 0.974). Furthermore, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) was 48.1% in the preschool group (3-6 years of age), which was higher than the 21.2% vitamin D deficiency in the toddlerhood group (1-3 years of age) and the 17.9% vitamin D deficiency in the infant group (0-1 years of age). Interestingly, a nonlinear association between 25(OH)D and air temperature was observed. Conclusions: A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was common in a Chinese population of children 0-6 years old, especially in the preschool-aged children. Therefore, we suggested that we should pay more attention to vitamin D supplementation in Chinese young children.

scholarly journals Significant Independent Predictors of Vitamin D Deficiency in Inpatients and Outpatients of a Nephrology Unit

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Recep Bentli ◽  
Hulya Taskapan ◽  
Halil Toktaş ◽  
Ozkan Ulutas ◽  
Adnan Ozkahraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Higher Doses

Aims. Kidney disease was found to be a major risk factor for vitamin D deficiency in a population study of patients hospitalized. The aims of the study were to describe the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency inpatients and outpatients in a nephrology department during fall and to evaluate effect of assessing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and previous supplementation of cholecalciferol on vitamin D status.Methods. We studied 280 subjects in total, between October and January. The subjects were recruited from the following two groups: (a) inpatients and (b) outpatients in nephrology unit. We examined previous documentary evidence of vitamin D supplementation of the patients.Results. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among these 280 patients was 62,1% (174 patients). Fifty-three patients (18.9%) had severe vitamin D deficiency, 121 patients (43.2%) moderate vitamin D deficiency, and 66 patients (23.6%) vitamin D insufficiency. In logistic regression analysis female gender, not having vitamin D supplementation history, low serum albumin, and low blood urea nitrogen levels were significant independent predictors of vitamin D deficiency while no association of vitamin D deficiency with diabetes mellitus, serum creatinine, eGFR, and being hospitalized was found.Conclusion. Vitamin D deficiency, seems to be an important problem in both inpatients and outpatients of nephrology. Monitoring serum 25(OH)D concentrations regularly and replacement of vitamin D are important. Women in Turkey are at more risk of deficiency and may therefore need to consume higher doses of vitamin D.

scholarly journals Relation between the vitamin D status and the occurrence and severity of thyroid malignancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 557-561
Author(s):  
L.A. Nikitiuk ◽  
Korsak Yu.
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vdr Gene ◽  
Cancer Data

Background. In spite of large volume of data linking vitamin D with cardiovascular morbidity, autoimmunity, cancer, and virtually every organ system, vitamin D and thyroid is a lesser-known aspect of vitamin D in clinical practice. The association between vitamin D deficiency and thyroid cancer is controversial. Some studies have demonstrated that higher serum vitamin D levels might protect against thyroid cancer, whereas others have not, or have even indicated the opposite to to be the case. This review intends to highlight the current literature on the impact of vitamin D status on thyroid cancer. Materials and methods. References for this review were identified through searches of PubMed for articles published to from 2005 to June 2021 using the terms “thyroid cancer” and “vitamin D”. Results. A large volume of medical literature is available from observational studies linking vitamin D with thyroid cancer. Data from interventional studies documenting beneficial effects of vitamin D on thyroid autoimmunity is also available, but lesser than that from observational studies. Short-term high dose oral vitamin D supplementation reduces TPOAb titers. Certain vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism have been linked to increased occurrence of autoimmune thyroid disorders. Vitamin D deficiency, decreased circulating calcitriol has been linked to increased thyroid cancer. Certain VDR gene polymorphisms have been linked with increased as well as decreased occurrence of thyroid cancer. Data is scant on use of vitamin D and its analogues for treating thyroid cancer. The results suggest that Vitamin D deficiency may have value as a negative prognostic indicator in papillary thyroid cancer and that pre-operative laboratory evaluation may be less useful. This is important because Vitamin D deficiency is modifiable. Conclusions. In spite of large volume of medical literature from observational studies linking vitamin D with thyroid cancer, meaningful concrete clinical data on impact of vitamin D supplementation on hard clinical end points in these disorders is lacking, and should be the primary area of research in the next decade.

scholarly journals Effect of Two Different Doses of Vitamin D Supplementation on Uterine Myoma on South East Iranian Population; A Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaveh Tabrizian ◽  
Reyhane Shokouhinia ◽  
Fatemeh Davari Tanha ◽  
Marjan Ghaemi ◽  
Mahsa Ghajarzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Uterine Myoma ◽  
Common Benign Tumor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements

Objective: Uterine myoma is the most common benign tumor however with significant distress and reduced quality of life in affected women. Besides, vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for uterine myoma. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplements on the size of myoma in women with vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Materials and methods: This clinical trial was conducted in a teaching hospital from 2019 to 2020. According to baseline vitamin D level, participants were assigned into two interventional equal groups (vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency) to receive either 1000 IU daily or 50000 IU weekly vitamin D for 12 weeks. The size and location of the uterine myoma were compared before and after the intervention. Results: Totally, 137 women with uterine myoma were enrolled. Based on baseline vitamin D level, 52 cases had vitamin D insufficiency and 85 cases had vitamin D deficiency. No significant difference was observed in age and BMI in both groups. The location of the subserosal and intramural myoma did not differ, otherwise, the percent of the submucosal myomas were increased significantly (p=0.020) after the intervention. In both groups decreased myoma size otherwise not significant was seen after the intervention (p=0.148 and p=0.664 respectively). Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation may not be effective in women with vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in the short term to reduce myoma size.

Seasonal variation of vitamin D levels in Swiss athletes

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
World Population ◽  
Outdoor Sports ◽  
Sunscreen Use ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is very prevalent in world population and growing evidence shows that also athletes are affected. Vitamin D deficiency causes beside bone disorders, musculoskeletal pain, muscle weakness and is associated with many other health disorders. For athletes in particular it may impair training and performance, prolong recovery and increase risk of injury. We therefore analyzed vitamin D levels in Swiss athletes focusing on prevalence according to age, gender, seasonal variations, indoor or outdoor sports, sunscreen use and vitamin D supplementation. Methods: This study was performed in a convenient sample of 655 Swiss Olympic athletes over one year. Blood samples were obtained and a questionnaire was filled in at Swiss Olympic Medical Centers or Bases during an annual routine exam. Data were then sent to the central laboratory of the Aarau hospital where they were processed and sent to us in an anonymized version. Vitamin D levels were categorized into deficiency (≤ 50 nmol/l), insufficiency (between 50 and 75 nmol/l) and adequate levels (> 75 nmol/l) of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. By means of the questionnaire, we assessed age, gender, type of sport, symptoms possibly related to vitamin D deficiency during the last year, frequency of sunscreen use and vitamin D-containing medications of the athletes. Results: 13.5% of the participants (total number = 651) presented a vitamin D deficiency, 37.8% a vitamin D insufficiency so that more than half of the athletes (51.2%) had inadequate vitamin D levels. Inadequate vitamin D levels were more prevalent in younger athletes, during seasons with lower sun exposure, in indoor sports during the sun deprived seasons, in athletes without vitamines supplementation and in athletes of lower Swiss Olympic classes compared to their counterparts. Conclusions: The results of the study show that the prevalence of inadequate vitamin D levels in Swiss athletes is substantial for younger athletes (< 18 years of age) and for indoor athletes during sun deprived periods of the year. However, a general vitamin supplementation containing vitamin D reduced the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy which is especially relevant during sun deprived seasons.

scholarly journals SUN-083 Screening of Vitamin D and Calcium Concentrations in Neonates of Mothers at High Risk of Vitamin D Deficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Arif Maqbool Kozgar ◽  
Paul Chay ◽  
Craig Frank Munns
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Serum 25Ohd

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to determine, retrospectively, the serum 25OHD and calcium concentrations of screened neonates of mothers at high risk of 25OHD deficiency (maternal 25OHD &lt; 25 nmol/L or unknown vitamin D concentrations and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency) and critically analyse whether their measurements contributes to the management of these neonates. Methods: Serum 25OHD and calcium concentrations from 600 samples of umbilical cord blood or venous blood collected from neonates over a 12-month period were analysed. 25OHD concentrations were reported for all while both the corrected calcium concentrations and vitamin D concentrations were available for 569 samples. Results: There was little or no evidence of association between neonatal 25OHD concentrations and gender, gestational age or birth weight. There was a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (27.6%, 30–50 nmol/L) and deficiency (21.3%, &lt; 30 nmol/L) in neonates from high-risk maternal groups. There was a statistically positive but weak correlation (ρ = 0.22, P &lt; 0.0001) between serum calcium and 25OHD concentrations. Only 7 neonates out of 569 (1.2%) had calcium levels in the hypocalcaemic range; however, a significant number (47.6%) were reported to be in the hypercalcaemic range. Nearly all of these were venous samples collected in first 24 hours after birth. We calculated the reference interval for corrected calcium from our data of venous samples in first 24 hours and the upper limit was significantly higher (2.38–3.04 mmol/L) than the standard reference range used. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in neonates of high-risk mothers but the risk of hypocalcaemia due to vitamin D deficiency at birth is low. Screening neonates entails blood testing which can cause distress to neonates and their parents, substantial impost on staff and financial burden on the health care system. 25OHD deficiency is corrected relatively easily in neonates with supplementation and vitamin D supplementation of neonates from birth without routine screening appears to offer better value of care. Also, the data from this study suggest that the paediatric reference range for corrected calcium concentrations in neonates is higher and the paediatric reference range should be reconsidered.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and bone health in early life

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Mølgaard ◽  
Kim Fleischer Michaelsen
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Increased Risk

Prolonged vitamin D deficiency resulting in rickets is seen mainly during rapid growth. A distinct age distribution has been observed in the Copenhagen area where all registered hospital cases of rickets were either infants and toddlers or adolescents from immigrant families. Growth retardation was only present in the infant and toddler group. A state of deficiency occurs months before rickets is obvious on physical examination. Growth failure, lethargy and irritability may be early signs of vitamin D deficiency. Mothers with low vitamin D status give birth to children with low vitamin D status and increased risk of rickets. Reports showing increasing rates of rickets due to insufficient sunlight exposure and inadequate vitamin D intake are cause for serious concern. Many countries (including the USA from 2003) recommend vitamin D supplementation during infancy to avoid rickets resulting from the low vitamin D content of human milk. Without fortification only certain foods such as fatty fish contain more than low amounts of vitamin D, and many children will depend entirely on sun exposure to obtain sufficient vitamin D. The skin has a high capacity to synthesize vitamin D, but if sun exposure is low vitamin D production is insufficient, especially in dark-skinned infants. The use of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D to evaluate vitamin D status before development of rickets would be helpful; however, there is no agreement on cut-off levels for deficiency and insufficiency. Furthermore, it is not known how marginal vitamin D insufficiency affects children's bones in the long term.

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