scholarly journals The Microbiome as a Therapy in Pouchitis and Ulcerative Colitis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1780
Author(s):  
Jean-Frédéric LeBlanc ◽  
Jonathan P. Segal ◽  
Lucia Maria de Campos Braz ◽  
Ailsa L. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Landscape ◽  
Microbiome Diversity ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The gut microbiome has been implicated in a range of diseases and there is a rapidly growing understanding of this ecosystem’s importance in inflammatory bowel disease. We are yet to identify a single microbe that causes either ulcerative colitis (UC) or pouchitis, however, reduced microbiome diversity is increasingly recognised in active UC. Manipulating the gut microbiome through dietary interventions, prebiotic and probiotic compounds and faecal microbiota transplantation may expand the therapeutic landscape in UC. Specific diets, such as the Mediterranean diet or diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, may reduce intestinal inflammation or potentially reduce the risk of incident UC. This review summarises our knowledge of gut microbiome therapies in UC and pouchitis.

scholarly journals The Microbiome as a Therapy in Pouchitis and Ulcerative Colitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Segal ◽  
Jean-Frédéric LeBlanc ◽  
Lucia Maria de Campos Braz ◽  
Ailsa Hart
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Immune Regulation ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The gut microbiome is important in the homeostasis of gut health and has pivotal roles in digestion, immune regulation, and metabolic processes. The gut microbiome has been implicated in range of diseases and there is a rapidly growing understanding of this ecosystem’s importance in inflammatory bowel disease. We have yet to identify a single microbe that causes either ulcerative colitis or pouchitis, however, perturbations in the gut microbiome are associated with disease states. Importantly, we can manipulate the gut microbiome using dietary interventions, medications, and faecal microbiota transplantation. This review will summarise our knowledge of gut microbiome therapies in ulcerative colitis and pouchitis.

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acids correlate with gut microbiome diversity and production of N-carbamylglutamate in middle aged and elderly women

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Menni ◽  
Jonas Zierer ◽  
Tess Pallister ◽  
Matthew A. Jackson ◽  
Tao Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Microbiome Diversity

scholarly journals Mouse model of ulcerative colitis using trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 860
Author(s):  
Irfan Ahmad Rather ◽  
Vivek K. Bajpai ◽  
Nam Gyeong-Jun
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

<p>Animal model of intestinal inflammation is of paramount significance that aids in discerning the pathologies underlying ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, the two clinical presentations of inflammatory bowel disease. The 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) colitis model represents one such intestinal inflammation-prototype that is generated in susceptible strains of mice through intra-rectal instillation of compound TNBS. In this paper, we demonstrate the experimental induction of TNBS-mediated colitis in a susceptible strain of ICR mice. This can be done by the following steps: a) acclimation, b) induction and c) observation. TNBS-mouse model provides the information in shortest possible time and simultaneously represents a cost effective and highly reproducible model method of studying the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.</p><p><strong>Video Clips</strong></p><p><a href="https://youtube.com/v/6MsuIGzH3uA">Acclimation and induction of TNBS</a>:          4.5 min</p><p><a href="https://youtube.com/v/ya66SNwoVag">Observation and drug administration</a>:      1.5 min</p>

Physiological Basis for Novel Drug Therapies Used to Treat the Inflammatory Bowel Diseases I. Immunology and therapeutic potential of antiadhesion molecule therapy in inflammatory bowel disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (2) ◽  
pp. G169-G174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Van Assche ◽  
Paul Rutgeerts
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Adhesion molecules regulate the influx of leukocytes in normal and inflamed gut. They are also involved in local lymphocyte stimulation and antigen presentation within the intestinal mucosa. In intestinal inflammation, many adhesion molecules are upregulated, but α4-integrins most likely hold a key position in directing leukocytes into the inflamed bowel wall. Therapeutic compounds directed against trafficking of leukocytes have been designed and are being developed as a novel class of drugs in the treatment of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. This review deals with the immunological aspects of leukocyte trafficking focused on gut homing of T cells. Second, the changes in adhesion molecules and T cell trafficking during intestinal inflammation are discussed. Finally, we review the clinical data that have been gathered with respect to the therapeutic potential and the safety of antiadhesion molecule treatment. Antegren, or natalizumab, a humanized anti-α4 integrin IgG4 antibody, has been most extensively evaluated and may be close to registration. A more specific humanized α4β7-integrin MLN-02 has shown preliminary clinical efficacy in ulcerative colitis, and both antergren and MLN-02 appear to be very safe. Trials with the anti-ICAM-1 antisense oligonucleotide ISIS-2302 in steroid refractory Crohn's disease have provided conflicting efficacy data. In the near future, some of these novel biological agents may prove valuable therapeutic tools in the management of refractory inflammatory bowel disease, although it is too early to define the patient population that will benefit most from these agents.

P057 Gut microbiome diversity in acute severe colitis is distinct from mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S114-S115
Author(s):  
S Kedia ◽  
T S Ghosh ◽  
B Das ◽  
S Jain ◽  
S Bopanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Microbiome Diversity ◽  
Acute Severe Colitis ◽  
Severe Colitis

scholarly journals Recent Advances: The Imbalance of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingdong Guan ◽  
Jiguo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Inflammation Targeting ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Cytokines play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, where they drive and regulate multiple aspects of intestinal inflammation. The imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines that occurs in IBD results in disease progression and tissue damage and limits the resolution of inflammation. Targeting cytokines have been novel strategies in the treatment of IBD. Recent studies show the beneficial effects of anticytokine treatments to IBD patients, and multiple novel cytokines are found to be involved in the pathogenesis of IBD. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances of novel biologics in clinics and clinical trials, and novel proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines found in IBD with focusing on IL-12 family and IL-1 family members as well as their relevance to the potential therapy of IBD.

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory bowel diseases – a systematic review

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (S2) ◽  
pp. S240-S252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard Cabré ◽  
Míriam Mañosa ◽  
Miquel A. Gassull
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background & Aim: Despite their well known anti-inflammatory actions, the clinical usefulness of omega-3 PUFA in inflammatory bowel disease is controversial. We aimed to systematically review the available data on the performance of omega-3 PUFA as therapeutic agents in these patients. Methods: Electronic databases were systematically searched for RCT of fish oil or omega-3 PUFA therapy in both active and inactive ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, without limitation on either the length of therapy or the form it was given, including nutritional supplements and enteral formula diets. Eligible articles were assessed for methodological quality on the basis of the adequacy of the randomisation process, concealment of allocation, blinding of intervention and outcome, possible biases, and completeness of follow-up. The five-point Oxford quality score was calculated. Results: A total of 19 RCT were finally selected for this review. Overall, available data do not allow to support the use of omega-3 PUFA supplementation for the treatment of both active and inactive inflammatory bowel disease. Negative results are quite consistent in trials assessing the use of omega-3 PUFA to maintain disease remission, particularly ulcerative colitis, and to a lesser extent Crohn's disease. Trials on their use in active disease do not allow to draw firm conclusions mainly because the heterogeneity of design (ulcerative colitis) or their short number (Crohn's disease). In most trials, the appropriateness of the selected placebo is questionable. Conclusion: The present systematic review does not allow to make firm recommendations about the usefulness of omega-3 PUFA in inflammatory bowel disease.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Maintenance of Ulcerative Colitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Papadia ◽  
Alessandro Coruzzi ◽  
Chiara Montana ◽  
Francesco Di Mario ◽  
Angelo Franzè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3
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