scholarly journals Malnutrition, Sarcopenia, and Malnutrition-Sarcopenia Syndrome in Older Adults with COPD

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kaluźniak-Szymanowska ◽  
Roma Krzymińska-Siemaszko ◽  
Ewa Deskur-Śmielecka ◽  
Marta Lewandowicz ◽  
Beata Kaczmarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Working

Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death in the world population. In addition to airflow obstruction, COPD is associated with multiple systemic manifestations, including impaired nutritional status or malnutrition and changes in body composition (low muscle mass, LMM). Poor nutritional status and sarcopenia in subjects with COPD leads to a worse prognosis and increases health-related costs. Data from previous studies indicate that 30–60% of subjects with COPD are malnourished, 20–40% have low muscle mass, and 15–21.6% have sarcopenia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome in elderly subjects with COPD and investigate the relationship between COPD severity and these conditions.Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study involving 124 patients with stable COPD, aged ≥60, participating in a stationary pulmonary rehabilitation program. Nutritional status was assessed following the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria and sarcopenia with the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) criteria. The results of pulmonary function tests and exercise capacity were obtained from the hospital database. Results: 22.6% of participants had malnutrition according to the GLIM criteria. Subjects with malnutrition had lower gait speed (p = 0.0112) and worse results of the Six Minute Walk Test. Sixteen participants (12.9%) had sarcopenia; 12 subjects with sarcopenia had concomitant malnutrition. The prevalence of severe and very severe obstruction (GOLD3/GOLD4) was 91.7%. It was significantly higher in patients with malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome. Conclusions: Malnutrition was found in nearly one out of four subjects with COPD, while sarcopenia was one out of seven patients. About 10% of our study sample had malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome. The prevalence of severe and very severe obstruction was significantly higher in patients with malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome.

scholarly journals Commuting mode and pulmonary function in Shanghai, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam W. Gaffney ◽  
Jing-qing Hang ◽  
Mi-Sun Lee ◽  
Li Su ◽  
Feng-ying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Commuting Mode ◽  
The Impact

Exposure to air pollution can be particularly high during commuting and may depend on the mode of transportation. We investigated the impact of commuting mode on pulmonary function in Shanghai, China.The Shanghai Putuo Study is a cross-sectional, population-based study. Our primary outcomes were forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) % predicted, and the secondary outcome was spirometric airflow obstruction. We tested the association between mode of transportation and these outcomes after adjusting for confounders.The study population consisted of 20 102 subjects. After adjusting for confounders, the change (95% CI) in FEV1 was −2.15% pred (−2.88– −1.42% pred) among pedestrians, −1.32% pred (−2.05– −0.59% pred) among those taking buses without air conditioning, −1.33% pred (−2.05– −0.61% pred) among those taking buses with air conditioning and −2.83% pred (−5.56– −0.10% pred) among those using underground railways, as compared to cyclists (the reference group). The effects of mode on FVC % predicted were in the same direction. Private car use had a significant protective effect on FVC % predicted and the risk of airflow obstruction (defined by Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease but not by lower limit of normal criteria).Mode of transportation is associated with differences in lung function, which may reflect pollution levels in different transportation microenvironments.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Valencia, Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9130
Author(s):  
Carlos Guillamón-Escudero ◽  
Angela Diago-Galmés ◽  
Jose M. Tenías-Burillo ◽  
Jose M. Soriano ◽  
Julio J. Fernández-Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
European Working ◽  
Appendicular Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Different Populations

This study is an observational and cross-sectional study on the prevalence of sarcopenic disease in 202 autonomous older adults; 18.8 and 81.2% were men and women, respectively, living in their own homes in Valencia, Spain. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the criteria and cutting points for the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), using the tests: SARC-F, grip strength, sit-to-stand, gait speed, appendicular skeletal muscle mass and short physical performance battery. According to the EWGSOP2 criteria, probable sarcopenia was present in 21.1% and 18.3% of men and women, respectively, and the sum of confirmed and severe sarcopenia was 7.9% and 7.3% in men and in women, respectively. A relationship was shown between the prevalence of the disease and the age of the participants, but no significant differences were found between the sum of confirmed and severe sarcopenia between the sexes, nor a relationship between the amount of muscle mass and the strength of grip. The SARC-F questionnaire diagnosed 40% of the sarcopenia cases present in the study. More thorough research is needed to continue using the EWGSOP2 criteria in different populations to establish a correct prevalence of sarcopenic disease in different populations of the world.

Sarcopenia and its components in adult renal transplant recipients: prevalence and association with body adiposity

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (12) ◽  
pp. 1386-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Medeiros Menna Barreto ◽  
Maria Inês Barreto Silva ◽  
Karine Scanci da Silva Pontes ◽  
Mariana Silva da Costa ◽  
Kelli Trindade de Carvalho Rosina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Adiposity ◽  
European Working

AbstractSarcopenia is a progressive and generalised skeletal muscle disorder associated with adverse outcomes. Ageing causes primary sarcopenia, while secondary causes include chronic kidney disease (CKD), long-term use of glucocorticoids and obesity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia using guidelines recommended by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP, 2010; EWGSOP2, 2018) and the Foundation of the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) and analyse the relationship between sarcopenia and body adiposity in adult renal transplant recipients (RTR). This was a cross-sectional study of adult RTR (BMI ≥ 18·5 kg/m2). Body composition was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and anthropometry. Glomerular filtration rate was estimated (eGFR) by CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration equation. The prevalence of sarcopenia in adult RTR (n 185; 57 % men, 50 (se 0·82) years and eGFR 55·80 (se 1·52) ml/min) was 7 % (FNIH), 11 % (EWGSOP2) and 17 % (EWGSOP). Low muscle mass, muscle function and physical performance affected, respectively, up to 28, 46 and 10 % of the participants. According to EWGSOP and EWGSOP2, body adiposity evaluated by anthropometry and DXA (percentage trunk fat) was lower in participants with sarcopenia. Conversely, according to the FNIH criteria, RTR with sarcopenia presented higher waist:height ratio. The present study suggests that adult RTR sarcopenia prevalence varies according to the diagnostic criteria; low muscle mass, low muscle function and low physical performance are common conditions; the association of body adiposity and sarcopenia depends on the criteria used to define this syndrome; and the FNIH criteria detected higher adiposity in individuals with sarcopenia.

Differences Between COPD Patients of a Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program According to the mMRC Dyspnea Scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhonatan Betancourt-Peña ◽  
Vicente Benavides-Córdoba ◽  
Juan Carlos Avila-Valencia ◽  
Hamilton Elias Rosero-Carvajal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bode Index ◽  
6Mwt Distance ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program

Background: The modified Medical Research Council scale (mMRC) is a standardized measure of the effect of dyspnea on the activities of the daily life of patients suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to determine the differences in the quality of life, tolerance to effort and symptoms among patients with COPD with lower (mMRC 0-1) and greater symptoms (mMRC ≥2). Methods: Cross-sectional study that included patients admitted to a pulmonary rehabilitation program and who were classified into 2 groups: a group containing the less symptomatic patients and another group with the more symptomatic ones. We collected these patients’ sociodemographic, clinical, anthropometric, anxiety, depression and quality of life (SGRQ) data. Likewise, the subjects performed the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Finally, we measured the multidimensional BODE index score. Results: 130 subjects were included, 35 presenting an mMRC of 0 to1 and 95 having an mMRC ≥ 2, with an age of 70.87 ± 9.45 years old. The 6MWT distance, the VO2e, the total score of SGRQ, and its domains of activities and impact showed significant differences between the groups (p <0.05). Significant correlations were found in the group presenting an mMRC of 0-1 between the mMRC and the FEV1 (p = 0.028), and in the group with an mMRC ≥2 for the FVC (p = 0.031), the 6MWT distance (p = 0.000), the VO2e (p = 0.010) and the BODE index (p = 0.000). Conclusion: Patients with an mMRC of 0 to1 had better results in the 6MWT, the VO2e and the SGRQ in comparison with the most symptomatic ones.

scholarly journals Comparison of revised EWGSOP2 criteria of sarcopenia in patients with cancer using different parameters of muscle mass

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257446
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh ◽  
Iasmin Matias de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
European Working ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Calf circumference (CC) has been established as a marker of muscle mass (MM) with good performance for predicting survival in individuals with cancer. The study aims to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) criteria and to evaluate the accuracy of sarcopenia using low CC relative to MM assessment by computed tomography (CT) at third lumbar vertebra level (L3) as a reference. Cross-sectional study with cancer patients aged ≥ 60 years. Data included socio-demographic, clinical and anthropometric variables. MM was assessed by CC and by CT images at the L3. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the EWGSOP2 criteria: a) low handgrip strength (HGS) + reduced MM evaluated by CT; and b) low HGS + low CC. Pearson’s correlation, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive value were analyzed. A total of 108 patients were evaluated, age of 70.6 ± 7.4 years (mean ± standard deviation). The prevalence of sarcopenia was of 24.1% (low MM) and 25.9% (low CC). The Kappa test showed a substantial agreement (K = 0.704), 81% sensitivity, and 92% specificity. Although the EWGSOP2 advises that we should use CC measures in the algorithm for sarcopenia when no other MM diagnostic methods are available, the findings allow the use of CC instead of MM by CT in cancer patients.

scholarly journals Multi-centre comparison of self-management in patients with COPD

2021 ◽  
pp. 00252-2021
Author(s):  
Ritsuko Wakabayashi ◽  
Jean Bourbeau ◽  
Maria F. Sedeno ◽  
Takashi Motegi ◽  
Tomoko Kutsuzawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Visits ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), self-management (SM) plays an important role in disease management. Recently, SM programmes have expanded patient education practices to include a variety of disease management techniques. We hypothesised that COPD patients have insufficient and/or different SM needs according to institution. We compared information needs of patients between specialised clinics in Canada (SCC) and Japan (SCJ), and a hospital outpatient clinic in Japan (HCJ), all employing different SM interventions.This cross-sectional study evaluated patients’ information needs for disease management using the lung information needs questionnaire (LINQ). Further, we assessed pulmonary function tests, modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale (MMRC), and frequencies of hospitalisations and emergency visits.The total number of patients was 183. SCC were younger (p=0.047), with lower FEV1%predicted (p<0.0001) and scored higher on MMRC. Total LINQ scores showed differences among institutions (p<0.0001). There was no difference for the smoking domain; however, SCC recorded significantly lower information needs for all other domains (p<0.02). No significant difference in emergency visits was seen among institutions but HCJ recorded the highest rate of emergency visits, while SCC had significantly higher rates of hospitalisation (p=0.004). Differences were seen for frequency and duration of education between institutions.These results highlight the differences in information needs by institution and the importance of assessing individual needs. We believe our findings, although only one aspect of SM, reflect real-world circumstances adding to the argument that an SM education should be structured but flexible to meet the changing needs of COPD patients.

scholarly journals SARCOPENIA AND SARCOPENIC OBESITY IN OLDER COMMUNITY-DWELLING ADULTS WITH FAVORABLE HEALTH CONDITIONS

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
E. Ramírez-García ◽  
K. Moreno-Tamayo ◽  
S.C. Briseño-Fabian ◽  
S. Sánchez-García
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Sarcopenic Obesity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Bioelectric Impedance Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Working

Objective: Determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older adults with favorable health conditions using the diagnostic criteria from the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting/Participants: Including 197 older adults representing a population-based sample (n = 1,252) from baseline (year 2014) of the Cohort of Obesity, Sarcopenia and Frailty of Older Mexican Adults (COSFOMA). Measurements: Anthropometric and body composition measurements were performed using bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA). Walking speed was determined with walking time of 4.5 m (<0.8 m/s), grip strength with dynamometer (women <20 kg and men <30 kg) and muscle mass using BIA (muscle mass index: women <6.1 kg/m2 and men <8.5 kg/m2). The cutoff point for low muscle mass was set at 2 SD below average for a group of young adults. For obesity, body fat percentage >60th percentile was considered (38.4% female and 26.7% male). A p value <0.050 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean age of the 197 older adults (44.2% female and 55.8% male) was 66.4 years (5.6): women 66.6 years (5.6) and men 66.4 years (5.8). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 7.1% (women 6.9% and men 7.2%). The presence of sarcopenic obesity was 2.5% (women 1.1% and men 3.6%). Conclusion: The magnitude of sarcopenia in older adults is important despite the absence of adverse health effects. This finding provides a reference point for future studies.

scholarly journals Study on determinants of nutritional status of a school going children in a village of Tumakuru taluk

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2828
Author(s):  
Ravindra Y. Mandolikar ◽  
Smitha Jadhav ◽  
Mahabaleshwar Mahanthappa Angadi
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
General Information ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
World Population ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Grade 3

Background: Children (0-14 years) contribute to 26% of world population and 28.4% of India’s population. School going age is a formative period, physically as well as mentally, transferring child into a promising adult. Malnourishment in this age group compromises both physical and mental growth. The objective of the study was to assess the nutritional status and morbidity status among school going children.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at Greenberg international school Kannenahalli, Tumkur. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, which comprised children between 3-12 years of age, total 123 students were included in the study. A pre structured and pre tested proforma was used to collect the data on general information of the child, anthropometric measurements, physical examination, personal hygiene and clinical examination and blood grouping was done.Results: Out of 123 study participants, 30.9% were found to be malnourished and 35.77% had various morbidity conditions. Out of the 39 students who had malnutrition, 20 students (51.3%) were having grade 1 malnutrition, 15 students (38.5%) were having grade 2 malnutrition and 4 students (10.3%) were having grade 3 malnutrition.Conclusions: It concluded that, balanced diet for all the malnourished children to improve their nutritional status and also for healthy children to maintain their health and nutrition. Grade 3 malnourished children were referred to NRC (nutritional rehabilitation center) to improve their nutritional status.

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