scholarly journals Occupational Allergies in Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Group of French Dentists

Oral ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Lise Boudinar ◽  
Damien Offner ◽  
Sophie Jung
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acute Exacerbations ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Occupational Allergies

Background: Dentists have a high risk of developing occupational allergies due to their repeated exposure to many professional allergens. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess occupation-related allergies in a group of French dentists and to determine the main associated risk factors. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire about allergies, particularly occupational allergies, was published online in a private group dedicated to French dentists. Results: Data from 584 French dentists were collected; 50.3% of the respondents presented allergies and 13.4% presented occupation-related allergies. Regarding professional allergens, natural rubber latex, cleaning products, and resins were the most frequently incriminated substances. Temporary interruption of activity was reported by 10.3% of individuals suffering from occupational allergies. Almost 65% of them used different reliever medications for the management of acute exacerbations, but maintenance treatment was implemented in only 34.6% of cases. Having a general allergy was the first predictor of occupational allergies with an odds ratio of 7.49. Conclusions: The frequency and the impact of occupational allergies were significant among our study population of French dentists, particularly in those with an associated allergic background. Education and prevention programs are key measures to minimize risk.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Attitude Towards Pornography Among Youth in Kelantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-278
Author(s):  
Norazlifah Muhamad ◽  
Azrianii Ab Rahman ◽  
Mohd Ismail Ibrahim ◽  
Razlina Abdul Rahman ◽  
Wan Nor Arifin Wan Mansor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Private Colleges ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Although the number of pornography exposure is increasing, our understandings on the issues are still lacking. This study aimed to compare gender differences in the attitudes towards pornography among youth in Kelantan. A cross sectional study was conducted using a validated self-administered questionnaire (PORQUE) on 930 college students in both government and private colleges in Kelantan. The mean scores were significantly higher among females for majority of the items assessing non-permissive feelings toward pornography materials (p<0.001), perception on impact of pornography (p<0.05) and perception on factors contributed to pornography (p<0.05). The mean score for majority of the items assessing permissive and perceptions toward pornography materials were significantly higher among males(p<0.001). Females were more non-permissive towards pornography, better perceived the impact of pornography and factors contributed to pornography compared to males. These findings are important as it serve as a guide for the stakeholders to implement pornography intervention for youth in Malaysia.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG AMONG DRIVERS IN NORTH CHENNAI– A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Aravind Raj G V ◽  
Umashankar R
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Chennai City ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background. Hypertension is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in a population of drivers in Chennai, India. Methods. The study population included drivers working in Chennai city. Blood pressure, height, and weight of subjects were measured, and relevance was obtained using a structured questionnaire. Results. Age varied from 30 to 60 years with the mean age of 43 years. Among 400 drivers studied, 33% of them were hypertensive and based on diastolic and systolic blood pressure, 15% of them were in pre-hypertensive and 28% of the were in stage -1 HTN and 31% of them were in stage-2 HTN. Obesity, Smoking, alcohol and history diabetes play a major risk factor the development of hypertension Conclusion. Prevalence of hypertension was high among drivers. Life style may play a key role in the development of hypertension along with duration of work and behavioral pattern.Prevention strategies need to be emphasized in this kind of occupational group.

scholarly journals Association between teleworking frequency and work functioning impairment: a nationwide cross-sectional study of Japanese full-time employees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Yamashita ◽  
Tomohiro Ishimaru ◽  
Tomohisa Nagata ◽  
Seiichiro Tateishi ◽  
Ayako Hino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Work Functioning ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese Workers ◽  
Commuting Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Objective: We examined the impact of teleworking frequency, including influencing factors and work functioning impairment. Methods: This online cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire among 27,036 full-time Japanese workers. We used the Work Functioning Impairment Scale to measure work functioning impairment and performed multilevel logistic regression analysis. Results: We observed higher odds for work functioning impairment among employees who teleworked 4 or more days a week compared with those almost never teleworked: odds ratio (OR) 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.3. After adjusting for influencing factors (teleworking preference, changes in working time, and commuting time), there was no significant association between teleworking frequency and work functioning impairment (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.82-1.05). Conclusions: Frequent telework may cause work functioning impairment; this can be explained by the impact of influencing factors.

scholarly journals PREVALENSI GIGI IMPAKSI MOLAR TIGA PARTIAL ERUPTED PADA MASYARAKAT DESA TOTABUAN

e-GIGI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Delsy T. Sahetapy ◽  
P. S. Anindita ◽  
Bernat S. P. Hutagalung
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Village Community ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Tooth Impaction ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Dental tooth impaction is a state of latent or not erupted or partly erupted after a normal eruption time. The impact of impacted teeth, namely the absence of pain, inflammation, and cysts but the prevalence of impacted teeth in several countries including in Indonesia is quite high. Some areas in Indonesia yet has particularly impacted teeth, especially data on partial erupted. This study aims to determine the prevalence of impacted teeth partially erupted on Totabuan Village community. This research is a descriptive cross sectional study. The study population is villagers Totabuan, the study sample as many as 37 people are 13 men and 24 women aged 24-60 years. Results of studies have impacted teeth partially erupted third molars most women (60%), and more common in the age of 24-35 years (62%). Partially erupted tooth impaction occurs most often in the lower jaw (53%) with most gear position on mesioangular (48.4%).Keywords: dental impaction, partial erupted.Abstrak: Gigi impaksi merupakan suatua keadaan gigi terpendam atau tidak erupsi baik sebagian maupun seluruhnya setelah melewati waktu erupsi normal. Dampak dari gigi impaksi yaitu adanya rasa sakit, inflamasi, serta kista akan tetapi prevalensi gigi impaksi di beberapa negara termasuk di Indonesia cukup tinggi. Beberapa daerah di Indonesia belum meiliki data mengenai gigi impaksi khususnya partial erupted. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi gigi impaksi partial erupted pada masyarakat Desa Totabuan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Populasi penelitian yaitu masyarakat Desa Totabuan, dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 37 orang yaitu 13 orang laki-laki dan 24 orang perempuan dengan usia 24-60 tahun. Hasil penelitian ditemukan adanya gigi impaksi molar tiga partial erupted paling banyak pada perempuan (60%), dan banyak ditemukan pada usia 24-35 tahun (62%). Gigi impaksi partial erupted paling sering terjadi pada rahang bawah (53%) dengan posisi gigi paling banyak pada mesioangular (48,4%). Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa gigi impaksi molar tiga partial erupted yang paling banyak ditemukan pada perempuan, dan banyak ditemukan pada usia yaitu 24-35 tahun. Gigi impaksi molar tiga partial erupted paling banyak ditemukan pada rahang bawah, dengan posisi gigi paling banyak pada mesioangular.Kata kunci: gigi impaksi, partial erupted.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections in Bamako, Mali

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
B. Kone ◽  
Y. S. Sarro ◽  
M. Maiga ◽  
M. Sanogo ◽  
A. M. Somboro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Culture Positive

AbstractThe global spread of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) may be due to HIV/AIDS and other environmental factors. The symptoms of NTM and tuberculosis (TB) disease are indistinguishable, but their treatments are different. Lack of research on the epidemiology of NTM infections has led to underestimation of its prevalence within TB endemic countries. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of pulmonary NTM in Bamako. A cross-sectional study which include 439 suspected cases of pulmonary TB. From 2006 to 2013 a total of 332 (76%) were confirmed to have sputum culture positive for mycobacteria. The prevalence of NTM infection was 9.3% of our study population and 12.3% of culture positive patients. The seroprevalence of HIV in NTM group was 17.1%. Patients who weighed <55 kg and had TB symptoms other than cough were also significantly more likely to have disease due to NTM as compared to those with TB disease who were significantly more likely to have cough and weigh more than 55 kg (OR 0.05 (CI 0.02–0.13) and OR 0.32 (CI 0.11–0.93) respectively). NTM disease burden in Bamako was substantial and diagnostic algorithms for pulmonary disease in TB endemic countries should consider the impact of NTM.

scholarly journals STRESS, STRESSORS, AND COPING STRATEGIES BETWEEN PRE-CLINICAL AND CLINICAL MEDICAL STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
Retneswari Masilamani ◽  
Mohammed Abdulrazzaq Jabbar ◽  
Chang Swee Liang ◽  
Hilary Lim Song You ◽  
Lai Jian Kai Jonathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Study Population ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Stress in medical education has been inevitable among medical students. However, the prevalence of stress among pre-clinical and clinical medical students differed by year of study. There were several stressors reported to affect medical students. Therefore, effective coping strategies were applied to manage the stress faced by medical students. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of stress, stressors and coping strategies comparing pre-clinical and clinical Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) medical students, and the associated stressors and stress among them. This was a cross-sectional study with a study population of 223 medical students. Universal sampling was used. A self-administered questionnaire which included socio-demographic characteristics, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Medical Students Stressor Questionnaire (MSSQ) and the Brief COPE Inventory were used in this study. The overall prevalence of stress among medical students was 48.15%. Clinical students had a higher prevalence of stress (53.73%) compared to pre-clinical students (39.02%). Year 3 students had the highest prevalence of stress (64.58%) compared to other years of study. Nearly 1 out of 2 medical students were stressed (48.15%). Academic Related Stressor ranked the highest and Acceptance was the most practiced coping strategy. The only associated stressor with stress was Academic Related Stressor.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Awareness of Drug Store Personnel about Pharmacovigilance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hirra Soomro ◽  
Mirza Tasawer Baig ◽  
Sadaf Ibrahim ◽  
Syed Nudrat Nawaid Shah ◽  
Samina Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Sindh Province ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Pharmacovigilance is an essential process when dealing with the medicines. It is one of the basic roles of community pharmacist. This role is not found in practice. Due to lacking this role, monitoring of adverse drug reactions and awareness to report them is missed in the society. However, no significant data has been published to exhibit the role of community pharmacists in Pharmacovigilance. This study was aimed to help in stowing the pharmacist role, in community Pharmacovigilance of Pakistan, to give awareness not only to community pharmacists but to regulatory authorities to establish policies regarding ADRs. A cross-sectional study was conducted through a pre-validated questionnaire. This study was conducted in 16 Districts of Sindh Province of Pakistan. 368 pharmacies/ medical stores responded to the self administered questionnaire. The results showed dependence of Awareness to the Pharmacovigilance upon Professional Status, Education of Participants and Experience of study population in pharmacies/ medical stores.

scholarly journals HYPERTENSION;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farooq Manzoor ◽  
Farhan Zaib
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Hypertension is a leading cause of CVDs whereas BMI is a major risk factor for hypertension. Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine whether an association exists between overweight & obesity and suspected cases of hypertension.Material and Methods: Study Design: Cross sectional study conducted in screening camps. Duration: From 19th till 24th February 2018. Setting: 45 Primary and Secondary healthcare facilities of Faisalabad District. Data Collection and Analysis: 43,943 people of Faisalabad district, age 25 and above were screened for hypertension. Height and weight of the study population was recorded for calculation of their BMI. People with BP Systolic >140m Hg and BP Diastolic >90mm Hg were labelled screened positive for hypertension. People with BMI less than 23 were categorized as normal. People with BMI between 23 to 24.9kg/m2 were categorized as overweight and 25 kg/m2 or higher as obese. Data was entered in SPSS v.23 for analysis. Frequency distribution and percentage were calculated for age, gender, screening for hypertension and BMI. Chi square was used as a test for significance for association between Hypertension and BMI. Results: 43,943 people aged 25 years and above were screened for hypertension. 5,320 people were screened as hypertensive. 68.7% were females and 31.3% were males. Mean age was 43.9±12.6 years. 28.1% of the study population was normal BMI. 14.9% of the population was overweight while 57% of the population was obese. The association between BMI and Hypertension was statistically significant. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity are strongly associated risk factors to developing hypertension. Screening for early detection should be periodically considered for general population to ensure prevention of CVDs.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated risk factors of refractive errors among medical students in Western Odisha: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Sushree Priyadarsini Satapathy ◽  
Bharati Panda ◽  
Sadhu Charan Panda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

<p><strong>Background:</strong> prevalence of refractive errors among medical students pursing higher studies is very high. Very little data about the prevalence of refractive errors among medical students in western Odisha is available. So, this Present study was undertaken with an objective were to estimate the prevalence of refractive errors among medical students of VIMSAR, Burla, Western Odisha, India and to study the association between various risk factors with the prevalence of refractive errors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduates i.e. (from 1<sup>st</sup> year to final year) students of VIMSAR, Burla for a period of 2 months i.e. February to March 2020 with sample size of 200. A pre-designed, semi-structured questionnaire was prepared and distributed to students. To assess refractive errors among study population auto refractometer was used.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The overall prevalence of refractive errors in our study was 65%. Most common type of refractive error was Myopia i.e. 113 (86.92%) among the medical students followed by Astigmatism (10.77%) and Hypermetropia (2.31%) respectively. It was observed in our present study that the prevalence of refractive errors was highly associated within crease in study duration, use of electronic gadgets such as smartphones and computers and with the presence of family history this group difference was found to be significantly associated with chi-square=9.4183,<strong> </strong>78.9173, 114.235 and 56.1899 respectively with P&lt;0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> High prevalence of refractive errors was found among medical students of VIMSAR, Burla which emphasis on the need for routine ophthalmological evaluation and their proper assessment and management.</p>

Prioritization of Human physiology Topics for medical school, what to teach? Expert Teachers' views

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiba A Awooda ◽  
Abdelmoniem S. El-Mardi
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Content ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Sustained Increase

Abstract Background: There has been a sustained increase in physiology knowledge in the last century that created a growing problem for educationalists and we lack general agreement on the educational content of the physiology course for medical students. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved physiology teachers with different categories of academic ranking including associate professors, assistant professors, and lecturers who were working at physiology departments in different faculties of medicine on the date of the study. A standardized self-administered questionnaire was developed, pre-tested, and used for data collection from the study population. The collected data was analyzed by the use of computerized statistical package Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0.Results: The respondents were asked to determine the importance of the topics using three criteria: frequency of encounter, burden, and seriousness, then based on the total score; topics were divided into core (need to know), recommended (good to know), proposed (nice to know). All the contents of physiology subjects were listed and topics were prioritized accordingly. Finally, we established a list of 53 core (need to know) topics. There was no significant correlation found between the current academic status of the participants and Important of the topics. These findings provided evidence of the presence of general agreement among physiologists on the core physiology educational content that need to be taught to medical students.

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