scholarly journals Optimization of Solvent-Free Microwave-Assisted Hydrodiffusion and Gravity Extraction of Morus nigra L. Fruits Maximizing Polyphenols, Sugar Content, and Biological Activities Using Central Composite Design

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Mustafa ◽  
Eugenia Mazzara ◽  
Doaa Abouelenein ◽  
Simone Angeloni ◽  
Sonia Nunez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Morus Nigra ◽  
Green Technique ◽  
Central Composite

Black mulberry, Morus nigra L. (family: Moraceae), is a healthy food and medicinal plant. Microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG) is one of the most innovative applications of solvent-free microwave extraction. The aim of this study was to optimize for the first time the MHG solvent-free extraction of polyphenols and sugars from M. nigra fruits. Optimization was carried out using a central composite design (CCD) with selected responses such as extraction yield, total polyphenol (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), anthocyanin (TAC), and sugar (TSC) contents, in addition to DPPH radical scavenging, and α-glucosidase (AGHi), lipase (Li), and xanthine oxidase (XOi) inhibition as tools to evaluate the best parameters for efficient and rapid extraction of black mulberry. The optimized extract was characterized in terms of the aforementioned parameters to validate the models, and was further analyzed for 36 individual polyphenols using HPLC-MS/MS. The optimized MHG extract was finally compared with traditional extracts, and demonstrated much better performance in terms of TPC, TAC, and Li, while the traditional extracts showed better XOi and AGHi. In conclusion, MHG is a valuable green technique for the production of non-degraded black mulberry polyphenol-rich extract and we suggest its larger use in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

scholarly journals Optimized green extraction conditions of matcha green tea (Camellia sinensis) using central composite design for maximal polyphenol and antioxidant contents

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3255-3271
Author(s):  
Nor Hafiza Sayuti ◽  
Ammar Akram Kamarudin ◽  
Norazalina Saad ◽  
Nor Asma Ab. Razak ◽  
Norhaizan Mohd Esa
Keyword(s):  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Optimum Extraction ◽  
Central Composite

Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the extraction conditions of phenolic and antioxidant compounds from matcha green tea (Camellia sinensis) using central composite design (CCD). The desirability function was used to find the optimum extraction conditions. The highest polyphenol and antioxidant content yield were reached at a temperature of 80 °C, an extraction time of 20 min, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 100 mL/g, and a desirability value of 0.948. The experimental values for total phenolics under the optimum extraction conditions were 317.62 ± 3.45 mg GAE/g and 29.21 ± 0.38 mg RE/g for the total flavonoids. The antioxidant activity (AA) was evaluated using 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), which showed radical scavenging activities at 88.28 ± 0.14% and 90.02 ± 0.14%, respectively. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis at the optimum condition revealed 14 compounds. Among the analyzed compounds, matcha green tea extract (MGTE) had the highest content of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with 95.48 mg/g, followed by epicatechin gallate (ECG) at 74.48 mg/g, and catechin at 28.94 mg/g. The results suggested that the optimized parameters of heat-assisted extraction provide an ideal green extraction method for the extraction of the high polyphenol and antioxidant content in matcha green tea.

scholarly journals Enhancement on antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Brightwell blueberry by extraction and purification

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haonan Liu ◽  
Han Wu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Extraction And Purification

AbstractA blueberry anthocyanin extract was obtained from Brightwell blueberry fruits cultivated in eastern China and the extraction and purification conditions were optimized. The components of the anthocyanin extract were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization interface-mass spectrometer. The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the blueberry fruit supernatant (BFS), blueberry anthocyanin crude extract (BCE), and blueberry anthocyanin rich extract (BRE) were evaluated. The extraction yield was 1.79 ± 0.0014 mg/g under the following optimal conditions: 1:20 solid-to-liquid ratio (v/w), 24 h, 34 °C, and 90% ethanol containing 0.21% (v/v) hydrochloric acid. With regard to purification, anthocyanin purity increased 19.1-fold. Nine fractions were identified as the glycosides of delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, and malvidin. The biological activities of the blueberry anthocyanin extract were improved through extraction and purification. Compared with BFS and BCE, BRE had a higher DPPH radical scavenging activity (EC50 = 0.51 mg/mL), ABTS antioxidant capacity (EC50 = 0.32 mg/mL), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (0.43 mmol Trolox/g). Furthermore, BRE (2 mg/mL) showed a maximum of 84.64 ± 0.35% reduction in the biofilm biomass of Listeria monocytogenes and the inhibition zone given by BRE against Escherichia coli was 16.04 ± 0.38 mm. BRE showed the highest antioxidant capacities and obvious antibacterial effects against food-related microorganisms than the other samples. Therefore, BRE can be used as a natural antioxidant and antibacterial agent and has potential health advantages and food industry applications.

Optimization of Enzymatic Skinning of Catfish Nuggets Using Response Surface Methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 3094-3103
Author(s):  
Pramuk Parakulsuksatid ◽  
Dja Shin Wang ◽  
Juan L. Silva ◽  
Tae Jo Kim ◽  
Tong Yuan Koo
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Central Composite

Abstract. Enzyme utilization today constitutes an important and essential part of processes used by the modern food industries. The objective of this research was to investigate the enzymatic skinning of catfish nuggets optimized by response surface methodology to remove the peritoneal membrane of nuggets. The effect of enzyme concentration, temperature, and time was carried out using central composite design. The response surface methodology found out that the optimized process conditions for good skinning and maximum yield were the following: (a) any enzyme concentration, temperature 42°C, time 12 min; (b) 0.15% enzyme concentration, temperature 35°C and time 12 min. This finding is important for maximize enzyme utilization on manufacture processes used by the catfish industries.

scholarly journals Effect of Solvents on Phytochemicals Content and Antioxidant Activity of Ganoderma lucidum

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moyen Uddin Pk ◽  
Rabiul I. Talukder ◽  
Mohammad K. I. Sarkar ◽  
Tasnia Rahman ◽  
Rumana Pervin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the induction of solvents on the total phenol and flavonoid content and also the antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum extracts. Materials & Methods: In this study, two concentrations (100% and 75%) of diethyl ether, ethanol, butanol, chloroform, and acetone were used as extractants of Ganoderma lucidum. Total phenol and flavonoid contents were measured by spectrophotometric methods and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Free radical scavenging assay was used for the investigation of antioxidant activity. Results & Discussion: Extractants significantly affected the % yield of extract, the quantity of phenol and flavonoids and antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum mushroom. The highest extraction yield, around 38%, was achieved by 75% acetone, followed by 100% acetone (about 36%) and 75% chloroform (approximate 21%). Hydro-acetone extract exhibited the most significant antioxidative properties (EC50 value; 645.55 µg/mL) comprised of a higher total of phenol content. In conclusion, the total phenol content encouraged the antioxidative potential of Ganoderma lucidum mushroom. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the selective extraction of Ganoderma lucidum shows significant biological activities.

Development and optimization of solid lipid nanoparticles of amikacin by central composite design

2009 ◽  
Vol 00 (00) ◽  
pp. 090721051030036-8
Author(s):  
Jaleh Varshosaz ◽  
Solmaz Ghaffari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Khoshayand ◽  
Fatemeh Atyabi ◽  
Shirzad Azarmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Solid Lipid ◽  
Central Composite
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