scholarly journals Aromatic Profile Variation of Essential Oil from Dried Makwhaen Fruit and Related Species

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Trid Sriwichai ◽  
Jiratchaya Wisetkomolmat ◽  
Tonapha Pusadee ◽  
Korawan Sringarm ◽  
Kiattisak Duangmal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristic ◽  
Genetic Sequencing ◽  
Dried Fruits ◽  
Profile Variation ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Sources

The aim of this research is to evaluate the relationship between genotype, phenotype, and chemical profiles of essential oil obtained from available Zanthoxylum spp. Three specimens of makhwaen (MK) distributed in Northern Thailand were genetically and morphologically compared with other Zanthoxylum spices, known locally as huajiao (HJ) and makwoung (MKO), respectively. HJ was taxonomically confirmed as Z. armatum while MKO and MK were identified as Z. rhetsa and Z. myriacanthum. Genetic sequencing distributed these species into three groups accordingly to their confirmed species. Essential oil of the dried fruits from these samples was extracted and analyzed for their chemical and physical properties. Cluster analysis of their volatile compositions separated MKO and MK apart from HJ with L-limonene, terpinen-4-ol, β-phellandrene, and β-philandrene. By using odor attributes, the essential oil of MKO and MK were closely related possessing fruity, woody, and citrus aromas, while the HJ was distinctive. Overall, the phenotypic characteristic can be used to elucidate the species among makhwaen fruits of different sources. The volatile profiling was nonetheless dependent on the genotypes but makwoung and makhwaen showed similar profiles.

scholarly journals Effect of Genotypic and Phenotypic Variations on Essential Oil Aromatic Profiles of Makwhaen Fruits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trid Sriwichai ◽  
Tonapha Phusadee ◽  
Jiratchaya Wisetkomolmat ◽  
Korawan sringarm ◽  
Supamit Mekchay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
Genetic Sequencing ◽  
Dried Fruits ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Phenotypic Variations ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In order to obtain makhwean (MK) fruit essential oil of constant aromatic profile during raw material sourcing, evaluation of relationship between genotype, phenotype and chemical profiles are necessary. Three specimens of the MK (MK1-3) distributed in Northern Thailand were genetically and morphologically compared with other Zanthoxylum spices known locally as mamaad (MM) and makwoung (MKO), respectively. MM was taxonomical confirmed as Z. armatum based on plant structure and leaf characteristic (Odd-pinnately compound leaf). MKO and MK were identified as Z. rhetsa and Z. myriacanthum using number of petals and anthers. Genetic sequencing by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequence and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA moreover, divided these Zanthoxylum spps. into three groups accordingly to their species viz., MM, MKO and MK. Essential oil of the dried fruits from these samples was extracted and analysed for physical and chemical profiles. Cluster analysis (PCA-biplot) of volatile compositions was able to separate 1) MK1 and MK3 with limonene as leading component, 2) MK2 and MKO related with sabinene and β-philandrene, 3) MM with linalool. By using odour attribute representatives, the essential oil of MKO and MK1-3 were closely related possessing fruity, woody and citrus aromas, while the MM was sweet/ floral. In summary for MK raw material sourcing, plant genotyping played the most important role to odour characteristics than growing locations, thus plant species confirmation should be first considered.

Determinants Considered by Consumers for Brand Selection - with Reference to Laptops in Albania

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margret Plloçi ◽  
Macit Koc
Keyword(s):  
Primary Data ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Core Features

Abstract Purpose of the article There is relatively a big number of brands in the market of laptops nowadays in Albania. It appears that the number of brands offered in this market could easily be compared to the number of brands in Europe and even broader. The purpose of this study is to help Albanian vendors understand the criteria that consumers take into consideration when they make the decision to purchase a laptop. Methodology/methods The research is based on the collection and the analyses of the primary data collected through interviews to people like managers or employees who work in the sector of trading laptops or in businesses like education where laptops are broadly used recently; then a survey is done through a questionnaire delivered to customers who already own and use a laptop and customers who are potential buyers of laptops. Scientific aim The aim of the research is to identify if there are any relationships between the demographics of the consumers and the criteria of buying a laptop; on the other hand, to find out how is the relationship between the demographics and the features of different brands. Findings The study found out that Albanian consumers have good knowledge of laptops and their brands, and they use different sources of information for making their decisions in buying a laptop; it is found that there are relationships between some demographics like age or gender and the appraisal for some attributes of the laptops like price, design and high graphics card; it is also found that some technical features and other attributes of using laptops are some of the determinants that influence the laptops’ purchases. Conclusions It is realized that one of the most important demographics of the consumers is their age. Some core features like RAM, ROM, battery life, processor quality, light weight or attributes that are connected to the purposes of using the laptop computers like practicality and mobility in using them, work and studying processes, quick access to the internet are determinant factors which influence the decision making process of purchasing a laptop. I would recommend that future researches be focused also on the relationship between the customers’ income and their preferred brand or ranking brands according to the customers’ preferences. Such studies should also extend outside the city of Tirana.

Strategic orientations, knowledge management (KM) and business performance

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1942-1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Jami Pour ◽  
Mohammad Asarian
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Strategic Orientation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Orientations ◽  
Strategy Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Despite the huge amount of studies that have investigated the strategy–performance relationships and knowledge management (KM)–performance relationships, there is little consensus regarding the nature of these connections. By reviewing related literature, some notable limitations and inconsistent results are highlighted in extant studies. To address these challenges, this study aims to explore the effects of strategic orientation and KM mechanisms on business performance. Design/methodology/approach The study conducted an empirical investigation of 227 small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to explore the relationship between strategy−performance and KM−performance. Business strategy is conceptualized as a comparative construct with six dimensions, KM is conceptualized by two types of KM mechanisms of technical and non-technical KM mechanisms and business performance is measured by four dimensions of balanced scorecard (BSC). The cluster analysis was used to explore different aspects of these three constructs. Findings Using cluster analysis, the results indicate that firms with high level of analysis, defensiveness, futurity and proactiveness in strategic orientation have better performance and also the high level of both KM mechanisms another important finding shows that firms with more KM mechanisms have high performance and technical mechanisms have more predictor role on performance. Practical implications This research also has prescriptive implications for strategic managers and KM practitioners. The finding enhanced the understanding of the relationship between strategic orientations, KM and performance. The results assist managers to assess business performance regarding strategic orientations and KM mechanisms of the firms. Therefore, it helps firms to improve strategic resource allocation and exploit KM investment by considering ideal pattern of the performance. Originality/value By reviewing strategic management and KM literature, it is revealed that there are little studies about how the interaction of strategic orientation and KM influences business performance. The main contribution of the study is exploring the profile of the firms by considering their strategic orientation and KM mechanisms and their impact on business performance. This study provides an empirical evidence about interaction of strategic orientations, KM mechanisms and business performance in SME context, which is merely investigated in previous researches.

Research on Hainan East Ring Railway Passenger Market Segmentation Based on Customer Loyalty

2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 794-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Nan Jiang ◽  
Yu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Market Segmentation ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Railway Passenger ◽  
The Relationship

This document describes the relationship between customer loyalty through the establishment of quantitative structure model, and uses the method of cluster analysis to classify the Hainan east ring railway market, finally puts forward the related strategies.

scholarly journals EVALUATING THE DEGREE OF COMPLEXITY OF TIGHT OIL RECOVERY BASED ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF OILS

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
G. Efendiyev ◽  
M. Karazhanova ◽  
D. Akhmetov ◽  
I. Piriverdiyev
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Fuzzy Cluster ◽  
Fuzzy Cluster Analysis ◽  
Recovery Coefficient ◽  
Reservoir Permeability ◽  
Oil Density ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Degree Of Recovery

The article discusses the results of the use of cluster analysis in assessing the degree of oil recovery complexity and its impact on the performance indicator. For this purpose, clustering was performed using a fuzzy cluster analysis algorithm. It should be noted that along with the deposits of heavy and highly viscous oils, a large share of hard-to-recover reserves is also confined to conditions with very low reservoir permeability values. Data on viscosity, oil density and oil permeability of in-situ conditions from various fields of Kazakhstan are collected. Using the results of this classification, a statistical analysis of indicators of various types of hard-torecover oils was performed. In the process of analysis, a generalized characteristic was determined for each class of oil, including viscosity, oil density and reservoir permeability. The generic characteristic is a linear transformation of the three characteristics. The results were subjected to statistical processing. At the same time, an attempt was made to establish and analyze the relationship between the degree of recovery complexity of hard-to-recover oils and oil recovery coefficient. In the course of the analysis, the average values of the oil recovery coefficient and the index of the degree of recovery complexity of hard-to-recover oil within each cluster were calculated and the relationship between them was plotted. The observed dependence, built on averaged points, is close to a power law, and, as one would expect, with an increase in the degree of oil recovery complexity, the oil recovery coefficient falls. The obtained estimates of the degree of oil recovery complexity allow us to rank different types of oils by their viscosity, density and reservoir permeability, which can be used to compare types of hard-to-recover oils by the value of the quality indicator. Methods to solve the problem of hard-to-remove high-viscosity and heavy oils should be aimed at reducing the viscosity of oil in the reservoir: injection of hot water / steam into the reservoir, the use of electric heaters, etc. Purpose. Assessment of the degree of oil recovery complexity and its impact on the efficiency of field development. The technique. The solution of the tasks set in the work was carried out on the method of mathematical statistics and the theory of fuzzy sets. In this case, the methods of processing the results, the correlation analysis, and the algorithm of fuzzy cluster analysis were used. Results. As a result of studies, 4 classes were obtained, each of which characterizes the degree of oil recovery complexity, a parameter was proposed for quantifying the degree of complexity, including oil density and viscosity, reservoir permeability, a relationship between this parameter and oil recovery coefficient was obtained. Scientific novelty. A classification of hard-to-recover reserves based on a fuzzy cluster analysis has been performed, and a parameter has been proposed for quantifying the degree of oil recovery complexity, a relationship has been obtained that allows judging the oil recovery by the degree of oil recovery complexity. Practical significance. The results obtained make it possible to classify hard-to-recover reserves and make decisions on the choice of methods for influencing the reservoir in various geological conditions.

scholarly journals Chemometrics Application for Grouping and Determinating Volatile Compound which related to Antioxidant Activity of Turmeric Essential Oil (Curcuma longa L)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rosy Islamadina ◽  
Adelin Can ◽  
Abdul Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Correlated Variables ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Essential Oil Compounds ◽  
Chemical Contents

Turmeric essential oil is known to have antioxidant activity. Various in vitro antioxidantactivity assays has been carried out. Related to this research, it tries to examine the antioxidantpotential of turmeric essential oil and see the composition that is responsible for antioxidant activitycombine with chemometrics. The research method used was a narrative review of 60 articlesobtained from several databases. The review conducted on profiling essential oil compounds thatidentified using GC-MS and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of turmeric essential oil with themost commonly used method including scavenging radical 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6 sulfonic acid (ABTS). Analysis methods used forgrouping various multivariate data subjects and determaining the relationship between thevariables were Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA). According to thereview, turmeric essential oils are proven to have potential antioxidant activity and have variationsin chemical contents. PCA was success for grouping subjects with various correlated variables,determining variables wich the most influential and correlation between variables. CA method canbe used to group samples without requiring mutually correlated variables.

scholarly journals Analysis of Allelic Variation in Hmw-Glu-1 Gene Blocks in Iranian Wheat Cultivars using Alp Molecular Marker

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shiri ◽  
M. Solouki ◽  
M. Forootan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Agarose Gel ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn order to study the allelic variation of Glu-1 gene (High molecular weight glutenin), 100 Iranian wheat cultivars including imported and domestic genotypes were analyzed using ALP-PCR technique. Four specific primer pairs were used based on the genetic loci of Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1 to perform the chain polymerase reactions. PCR reaction products were resolved on 2% agarose gel. Since allele “a” had the largest relative frequency (0.707), two alleles (a 344bp; b 362bp) were identified by P1-P2 primer for Glu-A1 locus. Three alleles (a 800bp; b 500bp; c 300bp) were detected for Glu-B1 locus by P5-P6 primer, and allele “b” was assumed as the highest relative frequency (0.618). Two primer pairs were applied for Glu-D1 locus. Ultimately, four alleles were identified, where allele “c” had the highest relative frequency (0.525). The observed genetic variation value for Glu-D1 locus (H=0.648) exhibits the maximal polymorphism. Using cluster analysis, the relationship between the observed polymorphism and geographical variation was investigated. The results indicated that there exists a remarkable variation in Glu- A1 locus between the Iranian wheat cultivars.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FINANCING AND EFFICIENCY OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES: EVIDENCE FROM UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleh Vysochan ◽  
Andriy Boychuk ◽  
Vasyl Hyk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Input Information ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The article focuses on the study of the closeness of the relationship obtained from different sources and used in different areas, finance, with the effectiveness of innovation, measured by the number of developed innovative products and the number of introduced new technological processes. The input information was the data of industrial enterprises of Ukraine for the period 2015-2019, summarized in statistical reporting and presented on the official resources of the State Statistics Service. To accomplish these objectives, the methods of correlation-regression analysis and analysis of the dynamics and structure of statistical indicators of innovation of industrial enterprises of Ukraine were used. Possible causes of crisis phenomena of innovative activity of Ukrainian enterprises that hinder the economic development of the national economy are discussed. The basis for further research of complex and individual influence of factors on development of innovative activity of the enterprises of various branches of economy is provided.

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