scholarly journals Polyploidization Increases the Lipid Content and Improves the Nutritional Quality of Rice

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Qiang Tu ◽  
Rongrong Chen ◽  
Pincang Lv ◽  
Yanqing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Grouping Pattern ◽  
Amino Acids And Derivatives

Plant polyploidization is frequently associated with changes in nutrient contents. However, the possible contribution of metabolites to this change has not been investigated by characterizing the metabolite contents of diploid and tetraploid forms of rice (Oryza sativa L.). We compared the metabolites of a group of diploid–tetraploid japonica brown rice and a group of diploid–tetraploid indica brown rice based on liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. In total, 401 metabolites were identified; of these, between the two diploid–tetraploid groups, 180 showed opposite expression trends, but 221 showed the same trends (147 higher abundance vs. 74 lower abundance). Hierarchical cluster analysis of differential metabolites between diploid and tetraploid species showed a clear grouping pattern, in which the expression abundance of lipids, amino acids and derivatives, and phenolic acids increased in tetraploids. Further analysis revealed that the lipids in tetraploid rice increased significantly, especially unsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids. This study provides further basis for understanding the changes in rice nutritional quality following polyploidization and may serve as a new theoretical reference for breeding eutrophic or functional rice varieties via polyploidization.

scholarly journals Polyploidization Increases the Lipid Content and Improves the Nutritional Quality of Rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianhua Zhang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Qiang Tu ◽  
Rongrong Chen ◽  
Pincang Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Grouping Pattern ◽  
Amino Acids And Derivatives

Abstract Background: Plant polyploidization is frequently associated with changes in nutrient contents. However, the possible contribution of metabolites to this change has not been investigated by characterizing the metabolite contents of diploid and tetraploid forms of rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Results: We compared the metabolites of a group of diploid–tetraploid japonica brown rice and a group of diploid–tetraploid indica brown rice based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In total, 401 differential expression metabolites were identified between diploids and tetraploids; of these, between the japonica and indica groups, 180 showed opposite expression trends but 221 showed the same trends (141 up-regulated vs 69 down-regulated). Hierarchical cluster analysis of differential metabolites between diploid and tetraploid species showed a clear grouping pattern, in which the relative contents of lipids, amino acids and derivatives, and phenolic acids increased in tetraploids. Further analysis revealed that the lipids in tetraploid rice increased significantly, especially unsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids. Conclusions: This study provides more basis for the changes in rice nutritional quality following polyploidization, and may serve as a new theoretical reference for breeding eutrophic or functional rice varieties via polyploidization.

Nutrient variability of rice landraces (Oryza sativa L.) from Manipur, Northeast India and its nutrients supply potential in rice-based diets

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Longvah ◽  
Anitha Chauhan ◽  
Sreedhar Mudavath ◽  
Bhaskar Varanasi ◽  
Neeraja CN
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rice Landraces ◽  
Nutrient Variability

Purpose Rice landraces are essential for supplying beneficial traits for developing improved rice varieties with better nutritional quality. Nevertheless, in a yield-driven environment, grain nutritional quality has been ignored especially that of rice landraces. Given this, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the content and nutritional variability of rice landraces from Manipur. Design/methodology/approach Thirty-three most popular rice landraces were collected as dry paddy samples from Manipur and transported to the National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, by air. All the paddy samples were processed and analyzed for 35 nutrient parameters using standard methodologies. Findings The mean nutrient content of Nagaland brown rice was: protein 7.5 ± 0.8, fat 3.0 ± 0.3, TDF 5.5 ± 0.4 and ash 1.2 ± 0.2 g/100g. The range of water soluble-vitamin content in mg/100g, was 0.1–0.43 for Thiamine and for Niacin 2.1–3.5, while the content in µg/100g was 40–64 for Riboflavin, 0.5–3.9 for Pantothenic acid and 20–118 for Pyridoxine. A relatively large coefficient of variation was observed for iron (25%), manganese (28%), copper (32%), calcium (13%) and phosphorus (11%). Manipur rice landraces have significantly higher total dietary fiber and lower phytate contents than modern varieties. Milling led to steep losses of nutrients, and limiting to 5% milling substantially improves nutrient retention in milled rice. Research limitations/implications Future nutrition interventions should use rice with superior nutrient quality to improve nutrient intakes. Manipur rice landraces conserved over generations can broaden the genetic base of breeding stocks especially in the face of climate change. Originality/value The paper presents comprehensive nutritional data of 33 rice landraces from the state of Manipur, India. The results indicate large nutrient variability even within these 33 rice landraces with important traits such as high total dietary fiber and low phytate contents. The study highlights the importance of conserving the existing rich genetic material of Manipur rice landraces to develop varieties that combine higher yields with stress tolerance and superior grain nutritional value to improve the food and nutrient security.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN KANDUNGAN ZAT GIZI PADA BERAS HITAM (Oryza sativa L.) KULTIVAR PARE AMBO SULAWESI SELATAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juwita Mangiri ◽  
Nelly Mayulu ◽  
Shirley E. S. Kawengian
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Descriptive Method

Abstract: Rice is a staple food that is very important in the world, including in Indonesia. The kind of rice that is generally consumed by people in Indonesia is white rice, brown rice, and black rice. Black rice is one type of rice which is popular in the community and consumed as functional foods because of health benefits. The purpose of this study is to describe the nutrient contents of the black rice cultivars ambo Pare, South Sulawesi. This research was conducted by using descriptive method with samples of black rice originally from Toraja. The results of research which conducted at the Laboratory of Integrated Sam Ratulangi University and the Center for Environmental Health Engineering Manado are 85% carbohydrates, 1.9% fat, 1.04% protein, 10.5% water, fiber 0.8%, Abu by 0.4%, which amount of 0.6 mg of Vitamin C, 31.6 mg of Vitamin E, 0.386 mg / ml of Calcium (Ca), 1.95 mg / ml of Magnesium (Mg), 0.886 mg / ml of Potassium (K), 0,391mg / ml of iron (Fe), and 0.021 mg / ml of Zinc (Zn). The highest mineral content is Magnesium (Mg).Keywords: Rice, Black Rice, Substance Nutrient ContentAbstrak: Beras merupakan bahan makanan pokok yang sangat penting di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Beras yang umumnya dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat di Indonesia adalah beras putih, beras merah, dan beras hitam. Beras hitam merupakan salah satu jenis beras yang mulai populer di masyarakat dan dikonsumsi sebagai pangan fungsional karena bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kandungan zat gizi pada beras hitam Kultivar pare ambo, Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan sampel beras hitam yang berasal dari Toraja. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Terpadu Universitas Sam Ratulangi dan Balai Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan Manado diperoleh hasil kandungan zat gizi antara lain Karbohidrat sebesar 85%, Lemak sebesar 1,9%, Protein sebesar 1,04%, Air sebesar 10,5%, Serat sebesar 0,8%, Abu sebesar 0,4%, Vitamin C sebesar 0,6 mg, Vitamin E sebesar 31,6 mg, Kalsium (Ca) sebesar 0,386 mg/ml, Magnesium (Mg) sebesar 1,95 mg/ml, Kalium (K) sebesar 0,886 mg/ml, Besi (Fe) sebesar 0,391mg/ml, dan Zinc (Zn) sebesar 0,021 mg/ml. Hasil dari kandungan mineral yang paling tinggi adalah Magnesium (Mg).Kata Kunci: Beras, Beras Hitam, Kandungan Zat Gizi

scholarly journals Subcellular Localization and Vesicular Structures of Anthocyanin Pigmentation by Fluorescence Imaging of Black Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Stigma Protoplast

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 685
Author(s):  
Enerand Mackon ◽  
Yafei Ma ◽  
Guibeline Charlie Jeazet Dongho Epse Mackon ◽  
Qiufeng Li ◽  
Qiong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Central Vacuole ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Black Rice

Anthocyanins belong to the group of flavonoid compounds broadly distributed in plant species responsible for attractive colors. In black rice (Oryza sativa L.), they are present in the stems, leaves, stigmas, and caryopsis. However, there is still no scientific evidence supporting the existence of compartmentalization and trafficking of anthocyanin inside the cells. In the current study, we took advantage of autofluorescence with anthocyanin’s unique excitation/emission properties to elucidate the subcellular localization of anthocyanin and report on the in planta characterization of anthocyanin prevacuolar vesicles (APV) and anthocyanic vacuolar inclusion (AVI) structure. Protoplasts were isolated from the stigma of black and brown rice and imaging using a confocal microscope. Our result showed the fluorescence displaying magenta color in purple stigma and no fluorescence in white stigma when excitation was provided by a helium–neon 552 nm and emission long pass 610–670 nm laser. The fluorescence was distributed throughout the cell, mainly in the central vacuole. Fluorescent images revealed two pools of anthocyanin inside the cells. The diffuse pools were largely found inside the vacuole lumen, while the body structures could be observed mostly inside the cytoplasm (APV) and slightly inside the vacuole (AVI) with different shapes, sizes, and color intensity. Based on their sizes, AVI could be grouped into small (Ф < 0.5 um), middle (Ф between 0.5 and 1 um), and large size (Ф > 1 um). Together, these results provided evidence about the sequestration and trafficking of anthocyanin from the cytoplasm to the central vacuole and the existence of different transport mechanisms of anthocyanin. Our results suggest that stigma cells are an excellent system for in vivo studying of anthocyanin in rice and provide a good foundation for understanding anthocyanin metabolism in plants, sequestration, and trafficking in black rice.

Polymer-coated manganese fertilizer and its combination with lime reduces cadmium accumulation in brown rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 415 ◽  
pp. 125597
Author(s):  
Gaoxiang Huang ◽  
Changfeng Ding ◽  
Naijia Guo ◽  
Mingjun Ding ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation

scholarly journals Stabilizing Grain Yield and Nutrition Quality in Purple Rice Varieties by Management of Planting Elevation and Storage Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Supapohn Yamuangmorn ◽  
Suchada Jumrus ◽  
Sansanee Jamjod ◽  
Narit Yimyam ◽  
Chanakan Prom-u-Thai
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Dpph Activity ◽  
And Storage

Purple rice has become an interesting source of nutritional value among healthy cereal grains. The appropriate cultivation together with post-harvest management would directly benefit farmers and consumers. This study aimed (i) to determine the yield, grain nutritional quality, and antioxidant capacity of purple rice varieties grown at lowland and highland elevations, and (ii) to evaluate the effects of storage conditions on the stability of the rice nutritional value during six months of storage. The high anthocyanin PES variety grown in the lowlands had a higher grain yield than the plants grown in the highlands, but grain anthocyanin concentration had the opposite pattern. In the high antioxidant capacity KAK variety, grain yield and DPPH activity were not significantly different between plants grown at the two elevations. The storage of brown rice and vacuum-sealed packages were both found to preserve greater anthocyanin concentrations in PES, but there was no effect on the DPPH activity of KAK. The grain properties were not significantly different between storage at 4 °C and room temperature. This study suggests that the optimal cultivation practices and storage conditions would result in the higher yield and grain quality of purple rice varieties.

Assessment of genetic variability for quantitative characters in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under post flood situation in sali

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Dalibha Pathak ◽  
Umesh Ch. Kalita
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Spikelets Per Panicle

Sixteen genotypes of rice (including one check) were evaluated on 18 quantitative traits during sali (August), 2018 in a randomized block design with three replications at Instruction cum Research Farm, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat to study the nature and magnitude of variability, heritability and genetic advance under delayed sown condition. The analysis of variance for 18 quantitative traits revealed the presence of significant differences for grain yield and its component characters. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was observed for chaffs per panicle followed by grains per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), spikelets per panicle, grain yield (kg/ha). A high heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height (cm), spikelets per panicle, spikelet sterility (%), chaffs per panicle, grains per panicle, grain yield (g/hill), grain yield (kg/ha), biological yield (kg/ha), straw weight (kg/ha) and harvest index (%) indicating that selection might be effective for improvement of these characters under delayed sown condition with low input. From the findings of this investigation, one genotype viz., Gandhari emerged as the outstanding genotype which yielded 4170 kg/ha and could be directly used for cultivation in delayed sown situation with low inputs. Some other promising genotypes that yielded higher than the check Manoharsali under delayed sown condition were JR 29, JR 16, Basundhara and JR 60 and could be utilized as potential parental material in the hybridization programmes designed to develop suitable rice varieties for delayed sown situation.

scholarly journals Brown rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Hiami) extract promotes cellular growth by upregulation of GH and IGF-1 expression and secretion

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-339
Author(s):  
Hyun-seok Oh ◽  
Se Kwan Oh ◽  
Jum Seek Lee ◽  
June Seek Choi ◽  
Sung-Joon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Cellular Growth
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