Porous Curdlan-Based Hydrogels Modified with Copper Ions as Potential Dressings for Prevention and Management of Bacterial Wound Infection—An In Vitro Assessment

Bacterial infections at the wound site still remain a huge problem for current medicine, as they may lead to development of chronic wounds. In order to prevent such infections, there is a need to use wound dressings that possess ability to inhibit bacterial colonization. In this study, three new curdlan-based biomaterials modified with copper ions were fabricated via simple and inexpensive procedure, and their structural, physicochemical, and biological properties in vitro were evaluated. Received biomaterials possessed porous structure, had ability to absorb high amount of simulated wound fluid, and importantly, they exhibited satisfactory antibacterial properties. Nevertheless, taking into account all evaluated properties of new curdlan-based biomaterials, it seems that Cur_Cu_8% is the most promising biomaterial for management of wounds accompanied with bacterial infections. This biomaterial exhibited the best ability to reduce Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus growth and moreover, it absorbed the highest amount of simulated wound fluid as well as enabled optimal water vapor transmission. Furthermore, Cur_Cu_8% biomaterial possessed the best values of selective indexes, which determine its potential safety in vitro. Thus, Cur_Cu_8% hydrogel may be considered as a promising candidate for management of infected wounds as well as it may constitute a good platform for further modifications.

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Electrospun Antibacterial Nanomaterials for Wound Dressings Applications

Membranes ◽

10.3390/membranes11120908 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 908

Author(s):

Aysegul Gul ◽

Izabela Gallus ◽

Akshat Tegginamath ◽

Jiri Maryska ◽

Fatma Yalcinkaya

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Wound Dressing ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Chronic Wounds ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Electrospun Nanofibers ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Promising Solution

Chronic wounds are caused by bacterial infections and create major healthcare discomforts; to overcome this issue, wound dressings with antibacterial properties are to be utilized. The requirements of antibacterial wound dressings cannot be fulfilled by traditional wound dressing materials. Hence, to improve and accelerate the process of wound healing, an antibacterial wound dressing is to be designed. Electrospun nanofibers offer a promising solution to the management of wound healing, and numerous options are available to load antibacterial compounds onto the nanofiber webs. This review gives us an overview of some recent advances of electrospun antibacterial nanomaterials used in wound dressings. First, we provide a brief overview of the electrospinning process of nanofibers in wound healing and later discuss electrospun fibers that have incorporated various antimicrobial agents to be used in wound dressings. In addition, we highlight the latest research and patents related to electrospun nanofibers in wound dressing. This review also aims to concentrate on the importance of nanofibers for wound dressing applications and discuss functionalized antibacterial nanofibers in wound dressing.

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Antibacterial Effect of Thymol Loaded SBA-15 Nanorods Incorporated in PCL Electrospun Fibers

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10040616 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 616 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Enrique Gámez ◽

Hellen Elizondo-Castillo ◽

Jorge Tascon ◽

Sara García-Salinas ◽

Nuria Navascues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Wounds ◽

Bacterial Colonization ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Drug Carrier ◽

Longitudinal Axis ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Electrospun Fibers ◽

Mesoporous Silicon

For the effective management of infected chronic wounds, the incorporation of antimicrobial drugs into wound dressings can increase their local availability at the infection site. Mesoporous silicon dioxide SBA-15 is an excellent drug carrier with tunable drug release kinetics. In this work, synthesized SBA-15 loaded with the natural antimicrobial compound thymol (THY) was incorporated into polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun nanofibers to obtain an advanced wound dressing. Rod-shaped particles with internal parallel channels oriented along the longitudinal axis (diameter: 138 ± 30 nm, length: 563 ± 100 nm) were loaded with 70.8 wt.% of THY. Fiber mats were prepared using these particles as nanofillers within polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun fibers. The resulting mats contained 5.6 wt.% of THY and more than half of this loading was released in the first 7 h. This release would prevent an initial bacterial colonization and also inhibit or eliminate bacterial growth as in vitro shown against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC: 0.07 mg/mL) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC: 0.11 mg/mL) of released THY were lower than the amount of free THY required, demonstrating the benefit of drug encapsulation for a more efficient bactericidal capacity due to the direct contact between mats and bacteria.

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Effect of Precursor Deficiency Induced Ca/P Ratio on Antibacterial and Osteoblast Adhesion Properties of Ag-Incorporated Hydroxyapatite: Reducing Ag Toxicity

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14123158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3158

Author(s):

Ozkan Gokcekaya ◽

Celaletdin Ergun ◽

Thomas J. Webster ◽

Abdurrahman Bahadir ◽

Kyosuke Ueda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Infections ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Processing Parameters ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Adhesion Properties ◽

Carbonate Substitution ◽

Osteoblast Adhesion

Ag-containing hydroxyapatite (HA) can reduce risks associated with bacterial infections which may eventually require additional surgical operations to retrieve a failed implant. The biological properties of HA in such applications are strongly affected by its composition in terms of dopants as well as Ca/P stoichiometry, which can be easily controlled by altering processing parameters, such as precursor concentrations. The objective of this in vitro study was to understand the effect of variations in HA precursor solutions on antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and for promoting osteoblast (bone-forming cell) adhesion on Ag incorporated HA (AgHA) which has not yet been investigated. For this, two groups of AgHAs were synthesized via a precipitation method by adjusting precursor reactants with a stoichiometric value of 1.67, being either (Ca + Ag)/P (Ca-deficient) or Ca/(P + Ag) (P-deficient), and were characterized by XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDS. Results showed that Ag+ incorporated into the Ca2+ sites was associated with a corresponding OH− vacancy. Additional incorporation of CO32− into PO43− sites occurred specifically for the P-deficient AgHAs. While antibacterial properties increased, osteoblast adhesion decreased with increasing Ag content for the Ca-deficient AgHAs, as anticipated. In contrast, significant antibacterial properties with good osteoblast behavior were observed on the P-deficient AgHAs even with a lower Ag content, owing to carbonated HA. Thus, this showed that by synthesizing AgHA using P-deficient precursors with carbonate substitution, one can keep the antibacterial properties of Ag in HA while reducing its toxic effect on osteoblasts.

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Development of Spanish Broom and Flax Dressings with Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Loaded Films for Wound Healing: Characterization and Evaluation of Biological Properties

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13081192 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1192

Author(s):

Angela Abruzzo ◽

Concettina Cappadone ◽

Valentina Sallustio ◽

Giovanna Picone ◽

Martina Rossi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Drug Loading ◽

Healing Process ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Sodium Hyaluronate ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Glycyrrhetinic Acid ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Biological Studies

The selection of an appropriate dressing for each type of wound is a very important procedure for a faster and more accurate healing process. So, the aim of this study was to develop innovative Spanish Broom and flax wound dressings, as alternatives to cotton used as control, with polymeric films containing glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) to promote wound-exudate absorption and the healing process. The different wound dressings were prepared by a solvent casting method, and characterized in terms of drug loading, water uptake, and in vitro release. Moreover, biological studies were performed to evaluate their biocompatibility and wound-healing efficacy. Comparing the developed wound dressings, Spanish Broom dressings with GA-loaded sodium hyaluronate film had the best functional properties, in terms of hydration ability and GA release. Moreover, they showed a good biocompatibility, determining a moderate induction of cell proliferation and no cytotoxicity. In addition, the wound-healing test revealed that the Spanish Broom dressings promoted cell migration, further facilitating the closure of the wound.

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Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial Properties, and In Vitro Studies of Selenium and Strontium Co-Substituted Hydroxyapatite

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22084246 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

pp. 4246

Author(s):

Muhammad Maqbool ◽

Qaisar Nawaz ◽

Muhammad Atiq Ur Atiq Ur Rehman ◽

Mark Cresswell ◽

Phil Jackson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Charge Composition ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Molar Ratios ◽

Human Osteosarcoma Cells

In this study, as a measure to enhance the antimicrobial activity of biomaterials, the selenium ions have been substituted into hydroxyapatite (HA) at different concentration levels. To balance the potential cytotoxic effects of selenite ions (SeO32−) in HA, strontium (Sr2+) was co-substituted at the same concentration. Selenium and strontium-substituted hydroxyapatites (Se-Sr-HA) at equal molar ratios of x Se/(Se + P) and x Sr/(Sr + Ca) at (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2) were synthesized via the wet precipitation route and sintered at 900 °C. The effect of the two-ion concentration on morphology, surface charge, composition, antibacterial ability, and cell viability were studied. X-ray diffraction verified the phase purity and confirmed the substitution of selenium and strontium ions. Acellular in vitro bioactivity tests revealed that Se-Sr-HA was highly bioactive compared to pure HA. Se-Sr-HA samples showed excellent antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus carnosus) bacterial strains. In vitro cell–material interaction, using human osteosarcoma cells MG-63 studied by WST-8 assay, showed that Se-HA has a cytotoxic effect; however, the co-substitution of strontium in Se-HA offsets the negative impact of selenium and enhanced the biological properties of HA. Hence, the prepared samples are a suitable choice for antibacterial coatings and bone filler applications.

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Graphene Family Nanomaterials: Properties and Potential Applications in Dentistry

International Journal of Biomaterials ◽

10.1155/2018/1539678 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ziyu Ge ◽

Luming Yang ◽

Fang Xiao ◽

Yani Wu ◽

Tingting Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Applications ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Biological Properties ◽

New Materials ◽

Clinical Reality ◽

Comprehensive Literature Review ◽

Potential Applications

Graphene family nanomaterials, with superior mechanical, chemical, and biological properties, have grabbed appreciable attention on the path of researches seeking new materials for future biomedical applications. Although potential applications of graphene had been highly reviewed in other fields of medicine, especially for their antibacterial properties and tissue regenerative capacities, in vivo and in vitro studies related to dentistry are very limited. Therefore, based on current knowledge and latest progress, this article aimed to present the recent achievements and provide a comprehensive literature review on potential applications of graphene that could be translated into clinical reality in dentistry.

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Tannic Acid with Antiviral and Antibacterial Activity as A Promising Component of Biomaterials—A Minireview

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13143224 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 3224 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Beata Kaczmarek

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Tannic Acid ◽

Phenolic Acid ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Biological Properties ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Biomedical Sciences ◽

Simplex Virus

As a phenolic acid, tannic acid can be classified into a polyphenolic group. It has been widely studied in the biomedical field of science because it presents unique antiviral as well as antibacterial properties. Tannic acid has been reported to present the activity against Influeneza A virus, Papilloma viruses, noroviruses, Herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yersinia enterocolitica, Listeria innocua. Nowadays, compounds of natural origin constitute fundaments of material science, and the trend is called “from nature to nature”. Although biopolymers have found a broad range of applications in biomedical sciences, they do not present anti-microbial activity, and their physicochemical properties are rather poor. Biopolymers, however, may be modified with organic and inorganic additives which enhance their properties. Tannic acid, like phenolic acid, is classified into a polyphenolic group and can be isolated from natural sources, e.g., a pure compound or a component of a plant extract. Numerous studies have been carried out over the application of tannic acid as an additive to biopolymer materials due to its unique properties. On the one hand, it shows antimicrobial and antiviral activity, while on the other hand, it reveals promising biological properties, i.e., enhances the cell proliferation, tissue regeneration and wound healing processes. Tannic acid is added to different biopolymers, collagen and polysaccharides as chitosan, agarose and starch. Its activity has been proven by the determination of physicochemical properties, as well as the performance of in vitro and in vivo studies. This systematics review is a summary of current studies on tannic acid properties. It presents tannic acid as an excellent natural compound which can be used to eliminate pathogenic factors as well as a revision of current studies on tannic acid composed with biopolymers and active properties of the resulting complexes.

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Chitosan & Conductive PANI/Chitosan Composite Nanofibers - Evaluation of Antibacterial Properties

Current Nanomaterials ◽

10.2174/1573413714666181114110651 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 6-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Panagiota Moutsatsou ◽

Karen Coopman ◽

Stella Georgiadou

Keyword(s):

Chronic Wounds ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Healthcare Applications ◽

E Coli ◽

Jet Stability ◽

Electrospun Membranes ◽

New Treatments ◽

Chitosan Composite

Background: Within the healthcare industry, including the care of chronic wounds, the challenge of antimicrobial resistance continues to grow. As such, there is a need to develop new treatments that can reduce the bioburden in wounds. Objective: The present study is focused on the development of polyaniline (PANI) / chitosan (CH) nanofibrous electrospun membranes and evaluates their antibacterial properties. Methods: To this end, experimental design was used to determine the electrospinning windows of both pure chitosan and PANI/CH blends of different ratios (1:3, 3:5, 1:1). The effect of key environmental and process parameters (relative humidity and applied voltage) was determined, as well as the effect of the PANI/CH ratio in the blend and the molecular interactions between PANI and chitosan that led to jet stability. Results: The nanofibrous mats were evaluated regarding their morphology and antibacterial effect against model gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains, namely B. subtilis and E. coli. High PANI content mats show increased bactericidal activity against both bacterial strains. Conclusion: The blend fibre membranes combine the materials’ respective properties, namely electrical conductivity, biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. This study suggests that electrospun PANI/CH membranes are promising candidates for healthcare applications, such as wound dressings.

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Antibacterial-Integrated Collagen Wound Dressing for Diabetes-Related Foot Ulcers: An Evidence-Based Review of Clinical Studies

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12092168 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2168

Author(s):

Ibrahim N. Amirrah ◽

Mohd Farhanulhakim Mohd Razip Wee ◽

Yasuhiko Tabata ◽

Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus ◽

Abid Nordin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Wound Dressing ◽

Chronic Wounds ◽

Gentian Violet ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Small Sample ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

Sample Sizes

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic wound frequently delayed from severe infection. Wound dressing provides an essential barrier between the ulcer and the external environment. This review aimed to analyse the effectiveness of antibacterial collagen-based dressing for DFU treatment in a clinical setting. An electronic search in four databases, namely, Scopus, PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE(R), and ISI Web of Science, was performed to obtain relevant articles published within the last ten years. The published studies were included if they reported evidence of (1) collagen-based antibacterial dressing or (2) wound healing for diabetic ulcers, and (3) were written in English. Both randomised and non-randomised clinical trials were included. The search for relevant clinical studies (n) identified eight related references discussing the effectiveness of collagen-based antibacterial wound dressings for DFU comprising collagen impregnated with polyhexamethylene biguanide (n = 2), gentamicin (n = 3), combined-cellulose and silver (n = 1), gentian violet/methylene blue mixed (n = 1), and silver (n = 1). The clinical data were limited by small sample sizes and multiple aetiologies of chronic wounds. The evidence was not robust enough for a conclusive statement, although most of the studies reported positive outcomes for the use of collagen dressings loaded with antibacterial properties for DFU wound healing. This study emphasises the importance of having standardised clinical trials, larger sample sizes, and accurate reporting for reliable statistical evidence confirming DFU treatment efficiency.

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Novel Biocatalytic Polymer-Based Antimicrobial Coatings as Potential Ureteral Biomaterial: Preparation andIn VitroPerformance Evaluation

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00477-10 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 845-853 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Rachna N. Dave ◽

Hiren M. Joshi ◽

Vayalam P. Venugopalan

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Colonization ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Enzyme Concentration ◽

Urinary Catheters ◽

Antimicrobial Coatings ◽

Modified Polymer ◽

Release Studies ◽

Rate Controlled ◽

Antimicrobial Biomaterials

ABSTRACTCatheters and other indwelling devices placed inside human body are prone to bacterial infection, causing serious risk to patients. Infections associated with implants are difficult to resolve, and hence the prevention of bacterial colonization of such surfaces is quite appropriate. In this context, the development of novel antimicrobial biomaterials is currently gaining momentum. We describe here the preparation and antibacterial properties of an enzyme-embedded polycaprolactone (PCL)-based coating, coimpregnated with the antibiotic gentamicin sulfate (GS). The enzyme uses PCL itself as substrate; as a result, the antibiotic gets released at a rate controlled by the degradation of the PCL base.In vitrodrug release studies demonstrated sustained release of GS from the PCL film throughout its lifetime. By modulating the enzyme concentration in the PCL film, we were able to vary the lifetime of the coating from 33 h to 16 days. In the end, the polymer is completely degraded, delivering the entire load of the antibiotic. The polymer exhibited antibacterial properties against three test isolates:Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andStaphylococcus aureus. Foley urinary catheters coated with the modified polymer exhibited sustainedin vitrorelease of GS over a 60-h period. The results suggest that the antibiotic-plus-enzyme-loaded polymer can be used as tunable self-degrading antimicrobial biomaterial coating on catheters.

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