scholarly journals Wheat Biocomposite Extraction, Structure, Properties and Characterization: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3624
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman A. B. A. Mohammed ◽  
Abdoulhdi A. Borhana Omran ◽  
Zaimah Hasan ◽  
R. A. Ilyas ◽  
S. M. Sapuan
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Wheat Starch ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Properties And Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Biocomposite Material

Biocomposite materials create a huge opportunity for a healthy and safe environment by replacing artificial plastic and materials with natural ingredients in a variety of applications. Furniture, construction materials, insulation, and packaging, as well as medical devices, can all benefit from biocomposite materials. Wheat is one of the world’s most widely cultivated crops. Due to its mechanical and physical properties, wheat starch, gluten, and fiber are vital in the biopolymer industry. Glycerol as a plasticizer considerably increased the elongation and water vapor permeability of wheat films. Wheat fiber developed mechanical and thermal properties as a result of various matrices; wheat gluten is water insoluble, elastic, non-toxic, and biodegradable, making it useful in biocomposite materials. This study looked at the feasibility of using wheat plant components such as wheat, gluten, and fiber in the biocomposite material industry.

scholarly journals Development of PE/PCL Bilayer Films Modified with Casein and Aluminum Oxide

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3090
Author(s):  
Anita Ptiček Siročić ◽  
Ana Rešček ◽  
Zvonimir Katančić ◽  
Zlata Hrnjak-Murgić
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Oxide Compound ◽  
Bilayer Films ◽  
Oxide Particles

The studied samples were prepared from polyethylene (PE) polymer which was coated with modified polycaprolactone (PCL) film in order to obtain bilayer films. Thin PCL film was modified with casein/aluminum oxide compound to enhance vapor permeability as well as mechanical and thermal properties of PE/PCL films. Casein/aluminum oxide modifiers were used in order to achieve some functional properties of polymer film that can be used in various applications, e.g., reduction of water vapor permeability (WVTR) and good mechanical and thermal properties. Significant improvement was observed in mechanical properties, especially in tensile strength as well as in water vapor values. Samples prepared with aluminum oxide particles indicated significantly lower values up to 60%, and samples that were prepared with casein and 5% Al2O3 showed the lowest WVTR value.

scholarly journals Preparation, properties and applications of wheat gluten edible films

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. TANADA-PALMU ◽  
H. HELÉN ◽  
L. HYVÖNEN
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Bilayer Film ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Elongation At Break

Edible films from wheat gluten were prepared with various amounts of glycerol as a plasticizer. Water vapor permeability, oxygen permeability, tensile strength and percentage elongation at break at different water activities ( aw ) were measured. Films with low amounts of glycerol had lower water vapor and oxygen permeabilities, higher tensile strength and lower elongation at break. Wheat gluten coatings reduced weight loss during two weeks of storage for cherry tomatoes and sharon fruits compared to uncoated controls. A bilayer film of wheat gluten and beeswax significantly lowered weight loss from coated cheese cubes compared to single layer coating of wheat gluten.;

Effects of Zein on Film-Forming Ability and Properties of Wheat Gluten Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 1582-1585
Author(s):  
Chun Hong Zhang ◽  
Nan Chang ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Xin Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Interaction ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Zein was added into wheat gluten (WG) to prepare zein composite films (ZCF) in order to improve the properties of films. The film-forming ability, properties, surface microstructure and infrared spectrum of WG films and ZCF were investigated. The results show that the viscosity of film-forming solutions decrease, and uniformity become worse slightly, after zein added. ZCF are yellow, with metal luster, whose toughness and water retention increase. Compared to the control, the ZCF tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EB) and resistance of oxygen are increased by 33.2%, 17.2% and 11.25%, and water vapor permeability (WVP) and transparency are decreased by 26.0% and 75.4% respectively. ZCF have better antibacterial properties than WG films. The inhibition effect on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus are increased by 36.36% and 32.89% respectively. Hydrogen bond interaction of ZCF become weak, and the surface of ZCF become smooth and evenly.

Effect of Surfactant on the Formation of Chitosan/ε-Polycaprolactone Blend Films for Food Packaging Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Catarina Damasceno Gomes ◽  
Karoline Ferreira Silva ◽  
Anderson Junior Freitas ◽  
Kelvi Wilson Evaristo Miranda ◽  
Taline Amorim Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Multilayer Systems ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
High Interaction

Abstract The objective of this study was to develop and characterize chitosan-ε-polycaprolactone (CHI/PCL) polymer blends with Tween 80 as a compatibilizer for application in packaging. The blends were produced by casting, with up to 10% (w/w) PCL in the CHI matrix. These blends were characterized in terms of their microstructure, chemical interactions, mechanical and thermal properties, solubility and water vapor permeability (WVP). The micrographs showed microsphere-like structures from the PCL in the continuous phase of CHI. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated a high interaction between CHI amino groups and PCL carbonyls, resulting in blends with greater ductility than the pure CHI film, thus providing greater flexibility. In the crystallinity analyses, the presence of PCL favored an increase in crystalline regions, limiting the passage of light. Given the results, blends are an alternative for application in multilayer systems and can be considered for use as a biodegradable fraction in food packaging.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Mechanical and Barrier Property of Hemicellulose Film via Crosslinking with Sodium Trimetaphosphate

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Yuelong Zhao ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Biao Yang ◽  
Baomin Fan ◽  
Huijuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Water Vapor Barrier ◽  
Sodium Trimetaphosphate ◽  
Barrier Performance

Hemicellulose is a kind of biopolymer with abundant resources and excellent biodegradability. Owing to its large number of polar hydroxyls, hemicellulose has a good barrier performance to nonpolar oxygen, making this biopolymer promising as food packaging material. Hydrophilic hydroxyls also make the polymer prone to water absorption, resulting in less satisfied strength especially under humid conditions. Thus, preparation of hemicellulose film with enhanced oxygen and water vapor barrier ability, as well as mechanical strength is still sought after. Herein, sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) was used as esterification agent to form a crosslinked structure with hemicellulose through esterification reaction to render improved barrier performance by reducing the distance between molecular chains. The thus modified hemicellulose film achieved an oxygen permeability and water vapor permeability of 3.72 cm3 × μm × m−2 × d-1 × kPa−1 and 2.85 × 10−10 × g × m−1 × s−1 × Pa−1, respectively, at the lowest esterification agent addition of 10%. The crosslinked structure also brought good mechanical and thermal properties, with the tensile strength reaching 30 MPa, which is 118% higher than that of the hemicellulose film. Preliminary test of its application in apple preservation showed that the barrier film obtained can effectively slow down the oxidation and dehydration of apples, showing the prospect of application in the field of food packaging.

Starch–PVA Nanocomposite Film Incorporated with Cellulose Nanocrystals and MMT: A Comparative Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nooshin Noshirvani ◽  
Babak Ghanbarzadeh ◽  
Hadi Fasihi ◽  
Hadi Almasi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Moisture Sorption ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Nanocrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

Abstract The goal of this work was to compare the barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties of two types of starch–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites. Sodium montmorillonite (MMT) and nanocrystalline cellulose were chosen as nanoreinforcements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) test showed well-distributed MMT in the starch–PVA matrix, possibly implying that the clay nanolayers formed an exfoliated structure. The moisture sorption, solubility and water vapor permeability (WVP) studies revealed that the addition of MMT and nanocrystalline cellulose reduced the moisture affinity of starch–PVA biocomposite. At the level of 7 % MMT, the nanocomposite films showed the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) (4.93 MPa) and the lowest strain to break (SB) (57.65 %). The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed an improvement in thermal properties for the starch–PVA–MMT nanocomposites, but not for the starch–PVA–NCC nanocomposites. Results of this study demonstrated that the use of MMT in the fabrication of starch–PVA nanocomposites is more favorable than that of nanocrystalline cellulose to produce a desirable biodegradable film for food packaging applications.

scholarly journals Multi-layered Breathable Fabric Structures with Enhanced Water Resistance

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilhan Ozen
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Breathable Fabric ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Microporous Film

This work reports waterproof breathable layered fabrics consisting of simple fabric weave types (plain, twill) and microporous breathable films. The pretreated fabrics were treated with water-repellent finishing chemicals. Afterwards, layered structures were generated by bringing the fabrics and the microporous breathable films together. According to the results of water repellency, hydrostatic pressure (water resistancy) and water vapor permeability tests conducted on the samples with/without microporous film layers, waterproof breathable layered fabrics were able to be generated, which are supposed to be used as construction materials.

Preparation, Characterization and Properties of Ternary Blends with Epoxidized Natural Rubber, Poly (Lactic Acid) and Poly (Butylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate)

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 762-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarinee Nampitch ◽  
Rathanawan Magaraphan
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Ternary Blends ◽  
Twin Screw

The objective of this work was to study the production of new biodegradable thin films. As a result of increasing problems with regard to the disposal of domestic waste, particularly plastics, a new class of polymers especially designed to be biodegradable has been undergoing development. However these biodegradable plastics still have a limitation, i.e. high cost. This research studied methods of lowering the cost of biodegradable plastic and of improving its properties by using epoxidized natural rubber as a another polymer for polymer blends. Thus, ternary blends of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR), poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) were studied and prepared using a twin-screw extruder, followed by use of a chill roll cast film extruder or a blown film extruder, to produce biodegradable film. The concentration of ENR in the ternary blends was fixed at 10 wt%, with the remainder being PLA and PBAT. In some proportions of the film blends, Irganox and Uvinul were introduced to increase the thermal stabilization and UV stabilization, respectively. The mechanical and thermal properties were evaluated, including the thickness, color, and water vapor permeability (WVP) of the biodegradable films.

scholarly journals On the importance of desiccant during the determination of water vapor permeability of permeable insulation material

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 14003
Author(s):  
Thibaut Colinart ◽  
Patrick Glouannec
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Diffusion Resistance ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
The Impact

Water vapor permeability of building materials is usually measured using dry cup test according to the ISO 12572 standard. For this test, suitable adsorbing desiccant should be used to provide stable low vapor pressure conditions within the cup and, thus, to ensure the good accuracy of the measurement. In this work, different adsorbing desiccants mentioned in the ISO 12572 standard are tested for measurements performed on wood fiber insulation. For each experiment, relative humidity is monitored inside the dry cup. The results indicate that 0 %RH is not reached inside the dry cup and boundary condition is not always stable for highly permeable construction materials, depending on the adsorbing desiccants. The impact of these observation is evaluated on the determination of water vapor diffusion resistance factor and compared to other sources of uncertainties.

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