scholarly journals Thermal Treatment under Vacuum for Obtaining a Quenchant from Rapeseed Oil

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2189
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Sivriu ◽  
Olga Valerica Sapunaru ◽  
Ancaelena Eliza Sterpu ◽  
Doinita-Roxana Cioroiu Tirpan ◽  
Timur Vasile Chis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Absolute Pressure ◽  
Cooling Curves ◽  
Reduced Viscosity ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Metallic Parts

The aim of this study was to improve the quality of a vegetable oil, having in view its use as a quenchant for metallic parts in aircrafts. A process of pyrolysis under vacuum was applied to obtain a bio-oil with reduced viscosity and good quenching properties. Preliminarily, the rapeseed oil was fast pyrolyzed at temperature in the range of 300–375 °C and absolute pressure of 1 μbar. Some results such as viscosity and yields of bio-oil were obtained with a narrowing of the temperature range between 300–320 °C, for further processing. Quenching tests with bio-oils on stainless steel 25CD4 showed cooling curves closer to those of the standard mineral oil (Castrol IloquenchTM 1), by comparing them with unprocessed vegetable oil. The hardness of the steel after treatment rose from 29–30 HRC to 43–45 HRC, in accordance with requirements (35–45 HRC). Therefore, the conclusion is that bio-oils obtained by pyrolysis under vacuum are good quenchant proceeds from this study.

scholarly journals The Effects of the Addition of Vegetable Oil on the Viscosity of Used Marine Engine Oil Marinol RG 1240

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 479-485
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Malinowska
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Marine Engine ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Used Engine Oil ◽  
Reduced Viscosity

Abstract The article presents conducted research on the effects of the additives of vegetable oil on the viscosity of used marine engine oil Marinol RG 1240. Specifically, it shows dependence between viscosity and temperature for: fresh mineral oil, used mineral oil and blends of oils. Research results were compared and assessed. The viscosity of all oil samples were measured using Vibro Viscometer SV-10, at range of temperatures 5°C-65°C. It is noted that most of the used engine oil samples increase value of viscosity compared to fresh oil. However, the addition of 10% rapeseed oil significantly reduced viscosity parameters for all studied temperatures.

scholarly journals Investigation of hybrid manufacturing of stainless steel 316L components using direct energy deposition

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440542094936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Tapoglou ◽  
Joseph Clulow
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Energy Deposition ◽  
Hybrid Manufacturing ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Direct Energy Deposition ◽  
Direct Energy ◽  
Finish Machine ◽  
Metallic Parts ◽  
Non Destructive

Direct energy deposition has been established as one of the methods for additive manufacturing metallic parts. The combination of direct energy deposition capabilities with traditional machining centre capabilities has enabled over the past few years the creation of hybrid manufacturing cells that are able to additively manufacture and finish machine components under one platform. This article investigates the production of geometries using a hybrid, additive and subtractive approach. The parameters for depositing stainless steel 316L are initially investigated followed by an assessment of machinability of the additively manufactured material. Finally, the quality of the deposited and machined material was thoroughly examined with a series of destructive and non-destructive methods.

Pyrolysis of brown algae (Bifurcaria Bifurcata) in a stainless steel tubular reactor: From a review to a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Guida ◽  
F. E. Laghchioua ◽  
A. Hannioui
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Tubular Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate ◽  
Bifurcaria Bifurcata ◽  
Bio Oil

This article deals with fast pyrolysis of brown algae, such as Bifurcaria Bifurcata at the range of temperature 300–800 °C in a stainless steel tubular reactor. After a literature review on algae and its importance in renewable sector, a case study was done on pyrolysis of brown algae especially, Bifurcaria Bifurcata. The aim was to experimentally investigate how the temperature, the particle size, the nitrogen flow rate (N2) and the heating rate affect bio-oil, bio-char and gaseous products. These parameters were varied in the ranges of 5–50 °C/min, below 0.2–1 mm and 20–200 mL. min–1, respectively. The maximum bio-oil yield of 41.3wt% was obtained at a pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, particle size between 0.2–0.5 mm, nitrogen flow rate (N2) of 100 mL. min–1 and heating rate of 5 °C/min. Liquid product obtained under the most suitable and optimal condition was characterized by elemental analysis, 1H-NMR, FT-IR and GC-MS. The analysis of bio-oil showed that bio-oil from Bifurcaria Bifurcata could be a potential source of renewable fuel production and value added chemicals.

scholarly journals Metal artefact reduction of different alloys with dual energy computed tomography (DECT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand John Vellarackal ◽  
Achim Hermann Kaim
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Femoral Stem ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
Bony Tissue ◽  
Stem Image ◽  
Metal Artefact ◽  
Artefact Reduction

AbstractTo evaluate the influence of dual-energy CT (DECT) and Virtual monochromatic spectral (VMS) imaging on: (1) the artefact size of geometrically identical orthopaedic implants consisting of three different compositions and (2) the image quality of the surrounding bone, three similar phantoms—each featuring one femoral stem composed of either titanium, chrome-cobalt or stainless steel surrounded by five calcium pellets (200 mg hydroxyapatite/calcium carbonate) to simulate bony tissue and one reference pellet located away from the femoral stem—were built. DECT with two sequential scans (80 kVp and 140 kVp; scan-to-scan technique) was performed, and VMS images were calculated between 40 and 190 keV. The artefact sizes were measured volumetrically by semiautomatic selection of regions of interest (ROIs), considering the VMS energies and the polychromatic spectres. Moreover, density and image noise within the pellets were measured. All three phantoms exhibit artefact size reduction as energy increases from 40 to 190 keV. Titanium exhibited a stronger reduction than chrome-cobalt and stainless steel. The artefacts were dependent on the diameter of the stem. Image quality increases with higher energies on VMS with a better depiction of surrounding structures. Monoenergetic energies 70 keV and 140 keV demonstrate superior image quality to those produced by spectral energies 80 kVp and 140 kVp.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on Micro Deep Drawing of Stainless Steel Foils with Different Microstructural Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Zhao ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Fanghui Jia ◽  
Zhou Li ◽  
Cunlong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Localized Deformation ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
Height Profile ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Micro Deep Drawing ◽  
Profile Distribution

AbstractIn the present work, austenitic stainless steel (ASS) 304 foils with a thickness of 50 µm were first annealed at temperatures ranging from 700 to 1100 ℃ for 1 h to obtain different microstructural characteristics. Then the effects of microstructural characteristics on the formability of ASS 304 foils and the quality of drawn cups using micro deep drawing (MDD) were studied, and the mechanism involved was discussed. The results show that the as-received ASS 304 foil has a poor formability and cannot be used to form a cup using MDD. Serious wrinkling problem occurs on the drawn cup, and the height profile distribution on the mouth and the symmetry of the drawn cup is quite non-uniform when the annealing temperature is 700 ℃. At annealing temperatures of 900 and 950 ℃, the drawn cups are both characterized with very few wrinkles, and the distribution of height profile, symmetry and mouth thickness are uniform on the mouths of the drawn cups. The wrinkling becomes increasingly significant with a further increase of annealing temperature from 950 to 1100 ℃. The optimal annealing temperatures obtained in this study are 900 and 950 ℃ for reducing the generation of wrinkling, and therefore improving the quality of drawn cups. With non-optimized microstructure, the distribution of the compressive stress in the circumferential direction of the drawn foils becomes inhomogeneous, which is thought to be the cause of the occurrence of localized deformation till wrinkling during MDD.

scholarly journals High-quality percussion drilling with ultrashort laser pulses

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Feuer ◽  
R. Weber ◽  
R. Feuer ◽  
D. Brinkmeier ◽  
T. Graf
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Laser Fluence ◽  
Ablation Threshold ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Ultrashort Laser Pulses ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Edge Quality ◽  
Ultrashort Laser ◽  
Percussion Drilling

AbstractThe influence of the laser fluence on the quality of percussion-drilled holes was investigated both experimentally and by an analytical model. The study reveals that the edge quality of the drilled microholes depends on the laser fluence reaching the rear exit of the hole and changes with the number of pulses applied after breakthrough. The minimum fluence that must reach the hole’s exit in order to obtain high-quality microholes in stainless steel was experimentally found to be 2.8 times the ablation threshold.

scholarly journals Investigation of Cutting Quality of Remote DOE Laser Cutting in 0.5 mm Stainless Steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 164-171
Author(s):  
Sigurd Lazic Villumsen ◽  
Morten Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Laser Cutting
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