scholarly journals A Multi-Well Thin-Si LAPS and All-in-One Readout System for Ion Activity Monitor of Epithelium Cells

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 1020
Author(s):  
Yu-Jing Lin ◽  
Po-Yen Lin ◽  
Yu-Ping Chen ◽  
Hui-Ling Liu ◽  
Tsung-Ru Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activity ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Readout System ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Sensor Structure ◽  
Ion Activities ◽  
The Difference

To measure the ion activities of cells, an easy-access and fully-integrated system is necessary in culture room with high cleanness and easy maintenance. A new sensor structure integrated with readout system based on light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) to quantitatively monitor real-time cell activity with the advantages of label free and 2D image ability is proposed. The difference of cell number and acidification could be easily observed by 2D images by means of this proposed methodology.

Enhancing Project Management as an Instrument for Costing and Controlling in Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises

2003 ◽  
pp. 190-206
Author(s):  
Bardo Fraunholz
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Controlling System ◽  
Added Benefit ◽  
Multiple Levels

This chapter presents an introduction to a Project Management Costing and Controlling System to enhance traditional project management in order to integrate all business processes of a project-driven organisation. In order to achieve this, we analyzed relevant business processes in project-driven SMEs of a particular industry and utilized this knowledge to develop an architecture for the proposed system. We describe how reuse and a multiple levels of abstraction can help to organize projects and add precision to traditional project management, thus adding extra value. With this system, the author hopes to make project management more attractive for SMEs by creating a fully integrated system to steer a project-driven business. This will assist firms to become more competitive with the added benefit of gaining easy access to vital knowledge about their process and cost structure.

O-084 Computer vision can distinguish between euploid and aneuploid embryos. A novel artificial intelligence (AI) approach to measure cell division activity associated with chromosomal status

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Bori ◽  
M.Á Valera ◽  
D Gilboa ◽  
R Maor ◽  
I Kottel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Start Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
First Time

Abstract Study question Can we distinguish between top-grade euploid and aneuploid embryos by AI measurement of cell edges in time-lapse videos? Summary answer Aneuploid embryos can be distinguished from euploid embryos by AI determination of a longer time to blastulation and higher cell activity. What is known already Continuous monitoring of the embryo development has brought out morphokinetic parameters that are used to predict pre-implantation genetic testing (PGT) results. Previous publications showed that euploid embryos reach blastulation earlier than non-euploid embryos. However, time-lapse data are currently under-utilized in making predictions about embryo chromosomal content. AI and computer vision could take advantage of the massive amount of data embedded in the images of embryo development. This is the first attempt to distinguish between euploid and aneuploid embryos by computer vision in an objective and indirect way based on the measurement of cell edges as a proxy for cell activity. Study design, size, duration We performed a retrospective analysis of 1,314 time-lapse videos from embryos cultured to the blastocyst stage with PGT results. This single-center study involved two phases; a comparison of the start time of blastulation between euploid (n = 544) and aneuploid embryos (n = 797). In phase two, we designed a novel methodology to examine whether precise measurement of cell edges over time could reflect cell activity differences in blastulation. Participants/materials, setting, methods We assumed that the delay in blastulation is reflected by higher cell activity that could be determined accurately for the first time using computer vision and machine learning to measure the length of the edges (from t2 to t8). We compared computer vision based measurements of cell edges, reflecting cell number and size, in videos of 231 top-grade euploid (n = 111) and aneuploid (n = 120) embryos. Main results and the role of chance The mean and standard deviation of blastulation start time was 100.1±6.8 h for euploid embryos and 101.8±8.2 h for aneuploid embryos (p < 0.001). Regarding the measurement of cell activity, a computer vision algorithm identified the edges and provided a certainty score for each edge, higher when the algorithm is more certain that this is a cell edge (as opposed to noise in the images). A threshold was set to distinguish cell edges from noise using this score. The following results for top-grade embryos are shown as the sum of the edge lengths (µm) average of 160 pictures per embryo (frames between t2 and t8). The total length of the cell edges increased from two cells (420±85 µm) to eight cells (861±237 µm), in line with the mitosis events. Both the average total edge measured (450±162 µm for euploid embryos and 489±215 µm for aneuploid embryos, p < 0.01) and the average total of the difference between consecutive frames (135±47 µm for euploid embryos and 153±64 µm for aneuploid embryos, p < 0.01) were higher for aneuploid embryos than for euploid embryos. A regression model to differentiate between the two classes achieved 73% sensitivity and 73% specificity on this dataset. Limitations, reasons for caution The main limitation of this study is the difficulty to correlate our findings to other measure of cell activity. A more robust AI function (using not only cell edges lengths) would be required for future analysis to measure the cell activity in cell division up to the blastocyst stage. Wider implications of the findings Our results show for the first time that an AI based system can precisely measure microscopic cell edges in the dividing embryo. Using this novel method, we could distinguish between euploid and aneuploid embryos. This non-invasive method could further enhance our knowledge of the developing embryo. Trial registration number Not Applicable

FR-IR Molecular Microanalysis System

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
John A. Reffner ◽  
William T. Wihlborg
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Ir Microscopy ◽  
Normal Functions ◽  
Infrared Microspectroscopy ◽  
Infrared Spectral ◽  
Ft Ir

The IRμs™ is the first fully integrated system for Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopy. FT-IR microscopy combines light microscopy for morphological examination with infrared spectroscopy for chemical identification of microscopic samples or domains. Because the IRμs system is a new tool for molecular microanalysis, its optical, mechanical and system design are described to illustrate the state of development of molecular microanalysis. Applications of infrared microspectroscopy are reviewed by Messerschmidt and Harthcock.Infrared spectral analysis of microscopic samples is not a new idea, it dates back to 1949, with the first commercial instrument being offered by Perkin-Elmer Co. Inc. in 1953. These early efforts showed promise but failed the test of practically. It was not until the advances in computer science were applied did infrared microspectroscopy emerge as a useful technique. Microscopes designed as accessories for Fourier transform infrared spectrometers have been commercially available since 1983. These accessory microscopes provide the best means for analytical spectroscopists to analyze microscopic samples, while not interfering with the FT-IR spectrometer’s normal functions.

scholarly journals SOST Deficiency Aggravates Osteoarthritis in Mice by Promoting Sclerosis of Subchondral Bone

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jingyu Li ◽  
Junjie Xue ◽  
Yan Jing ◽  
Manyi Wang ◽  
Rui Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Sost Gene ◽  
Bone Sclerosis ◽  
The Difference

As the initial part in the development of osteoarthritis (OA), subchondral bone sclerosis has been considered to be initiated by excess mechanical loading and proven to be correlated to other pathological changes. Sclerostin, which is an essential mechanical stress response protein, is encoded by the SOST gene. It is expressed in osteocytes and mature chondrocytes and has been proven to be closely correlated to OA. However, the relationship and mechanism between the SOST gene and the development of OA remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the SOST gene in OA pathogenesis in the subchondral bone. A knee anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) mouse osteoarthritis (OA) model on SOST-knockout (SOST KO) and wild-type (WT) mice was established. The pathogenic and phenotypic changes in the subchondral bone were investigated by histology, micro-CT, immunohistochemistry, TRAP staining, Masson staining, and Toluidine blue staining. It was found that sclerostin expression decreased in both the calcified cartilage and mineralized subchondral structures during the development of OA. Joint instability induced a severe cartilage degradation phenotype, with higher OARSI scores in SOST KO mice, when compared to WT mice. SOST KO mice with OA exhibited a higher BMD and BV/TV ratio, as well as a higher rate of bone remodeling and TRAP-positive cell number, when compared to the WT counterparts, but the difference was not significant between the sham-operation groups. It was concluded that loss of sclerostin aggravates knee OA in mice by promoting subchondral bone sclerosis and increasing catabolic activity of cartilage.

Integrated Combustor and Vane Concept in Gas Turbines

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budimir Rosic ◽  
John D. Denton ◽  
John H. Horlock ◽  
Sumiu Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Axial Distance ◽  
Stagnation Region ◽  
Manufacturing Costs ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Wetted Area ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Cooling Air

This paper numerically investigates the interaction between multiple can combustors and the first vane in an industrial gas turbine with 16 can combustors and 32 vanes in order to find ways of reducing the overall cooling requirements. Two promising concepts for the overall cooling reduction are presented. In the first, by minimising the axial distance between the combustor wall and the vane, the stagnation region at the LE of every second vane can be effectively shielded from the hot mainstream gases. The LE shielding allows continuous cooling slots to be used (as an alternative to discrete cooling holes) to cool downstream parts of the vane using a portion of the saved LE showerhead cooling air. The second concept proposes a full combustor and first vane integration. In this novel concept the number of vanes is halved and the combustor walls are used to assist the flow turning. All remaining vanes are fully integrated into the combustor walls. In this way the total wetted area of the integrated system is reduced, and by shielding the LEs of the remaining vanes the total amount of cooling air can be reduced. The proposed combustor and first vane integration does not detrimentally affect the aerodynamics of the combustor and vane system. The concept also simplifies the design and should lower the manufacturing costs.

Fully integrated system-on-chip for pixel-based 3D depth and scene mapping

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Popp ◽  
Beat De Coi ◽  
Markus Thalmann ◽  
Radoslav Gancarz ◽  
Pascal Ferrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System On Chip ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
On Chip

Non-invasive intelligent monitoring system for fault detection in induction motor based on bio piezoelectric sensor using ANN

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massine GANA ◽  
Hakim ACHOUR ◽  
Kamel BELAID ◽  
Zakia CHELLI ◽  
Mourad LAGHROUCHE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Induction Motor ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Artificial Neural

Abstract This paper presents a design of a low-cost integrated system for the preventive detection of unbalance faults in an induction motor. In this regard, two non-invasive measurements have been collected then monitored in real time and transmitted via an ESP32 board. A new bio-flexible piezoelectric sensor developed previously in our laboratory, was used for vibration analysis. Moreover an infrared thermopile was used for non-contact temperature measurement. The data is transmitted via Wi-Fi to a monitoring station that intervenes to detect an anomaly. The diagnosis of the motor condition is realized using an artificial neural network algorithm implemented on the microcontroller. Besides, a Kalman filter is employed to predict the vibrations while eliminating the noise. The combination of vibration analysis, thermal signature analysis and artificial neural network provides a better diagnosis. It ensures efficiency, accuracy, easy access to data and remote control, which significantly reduces human intervention.

scholarly journals A Simple Method for the Detection of Biofilms Using a Heatable Capacitive Sensor Structure (CSS): Description, Proof of Concept, and Some Technical Improvements

Sensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Kai-Uwe Zirk ◽  
Manuel Olze ◽  
Harald Pötzschke
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Realistic Condition ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Sensor Structure ◽  
The Difference

This article presents a novel method for the detection of biofilms based on a heatable, capacitive sensor structure (CSS). Biofilms are capable of strongly binding large amounts of water to their extracellular biopolymer matrix, which is detectable via its dielectric properties. A main challenge is to determine the difference between the inherent occurring presence of moisture in the ecosystem, which is necessary to form a biofilm and an actual formed biofilm. Therefore, the CSS is carefully heated to evaporate unbound surface moisture and determine whether there is a remaining residual alternation of the capacitance in comparison to the dry state. As a reproduceable substitute for complex, real biofilms, a hygroscopic, medical hydrogel-based on polysaccharides was used and applied by spray coating. Printed circuit boards (PCB) in different geometries and materials were used as CSS and compared in terms of their performance. A layer-thickness of 20 µm for the hydrogel coating to be sufficiently detected was defined as a realistic condition based on known values for real biofilms cited in literature. For this thickness a double-meander structure proves to be preferable over interdigitating and spiral geometries. It does offer a 30% lower, yet sufficient sensitivity, but shows advantages in manufacturing (one layer instead of two) and conductive heating capability. In the experiments, free water showed virtually no residual change, while the hydrogel-coated CSS still shows an approx. 300% higher value compared to a dry capacity. Yet, the overall small capacities of about 6–30 pF in dry state are difficult to measure and therefore sensitive to interferences and noise, which results in a high deviation. The principle of measurement can be evaluated as proofed by the carried out experiments, though offering room for improvement in the design of the study. The new method might be especially useful for pipes (e.g., hydrodynamically ineffective sensors installed in a pipe wall) if they at least are not permanently flooded with an aqueous medium, but can occasionally dry. If the internal surface is still only moist, it can be dried by initial heating.

scholarly journals Joint regulation of cell size and cell number in the wing blade of Drosophila melanogaster

1997 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENNIE McCABE ◽  
VERNON FRENCH ◽  
LINDA PARTRIDGE
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Cell Area ◽  
Wing Area ◽  
Compensatory Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Compensatory Regulation

We used Drosophila melanogaster to test for compensatory control of cell area and cell number in the regulation of total wing area. In two random bred wild-type base stocks collected from different geographic locations we found a negative association between the area and the number of cells in the wing blade. Three replicate lines were selected for increased or decreased wing area, with cell area maintained at the same level as in the three controls. After eight generations of selection, despite a large and highly significant difference in wing area between the large, control and small selection lines, cell area did not differ significantly between them. Rather, the difference in wing area between selection regimes was attributable to differences in cell number. Over the course of selection, the initially significant negative correlation between cell area and cell number in the wing increased, providing evidence for compensatory regulation of cell area and cell number. As a result of the increasingly negative association between the two traits, the variance in wing area declined as selection proceeded. It will be important to discover the mechanisms underlying the compensatory regulation of cell area and cell number.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document