scholarly journals ‘Examining Religion’ through Generations of Jain Audiences: The Circulation of the Dharmaparīkṣā

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Heleen De Jonckheere
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Literary Culture ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Textual Tradition ◽  
Different Types

Indian literary traditions, both religious and non-religious, have dealt with literature in a fluid way, repeating and reusing narrative motifs, stories and characters over and over again. In recognition of this, the current paper will focus on one particular textual tradition within Jainism of works titled Dharmaparīkṣā and will trace its circulation. This didactic narrative, designed to convince a Jain audience of the correctness of Jainism over other traditions, was first composed in the tenth century in Apabhraṃśa and is best known in its eleventh-century Sanskrit version by the Digambara author Amitagati. Tracing it from a tenth-century context into modernity, across both classical and vernacular languages, will demonstrate the popularity of this narrative genre within Jain circles. The paper will focus on the materiality of manuscripts, looking at language and form, place of preservation, affiliation of the authors and/or scribe, and patronage. Next to highlighting a previously underestimated category of texts, such a historical overview of a particular literary circulation will prove illuminating on broader levels: it will show networks of transmission within the Jain community, illustrate different types of mediation of one literary tradition, and overall, enrich our knowledge of Jain literary culture.

Beneventan (South Italian/Langobardic) Script

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-142
Author(s):  
Francis Newton
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Important Center

This chapter surveys Beneventan script, the distinctive hand of southern Italy which is particularly associated with the most important center of its use, the Abbey of Monte Cassino. Beneventan arose in the late eighth century and continued in common use through the thirteenth--and even later in isolated instances. Distinct calligraphic high points were achieved in various cities, regions, or centers at different periods, including Naples in the tenth century, Monte Cassino in the second half of the eleventh century, and the region of Bari at the same time. Caroline script was used side-by-side with Beneventan at some centers, until Caroline and Gothic scripts finally replaced Beneventan as the standard bookhand in southern Italy.

scholarly journals The northern world of the Anglo-Saxon mappa mundi

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 275-305
Author(s):  
Helen Appleton
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
British Library ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractThe Anglo-Saxon mappa mundi, sometimes known as the Cotton map or Cottoniana, is found on folio 56v of London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius B. v, which dates from the first half of the eleventh century. This unique survivor from the period presents a detailed image of the inhabited world, centred on the Mediterranean. The map’s distinctive cartography, with its emphasis on islands, seas and urban spaces, reflects an Insular, West Saxon geographic imagination. As Evelyn Edson has observed, the mappa mundi appears to be copy of an earlier, larger map. This article argues that the mappa mundi’s focus on urban space, translatio imperii and Scandinavia is reminiscent of the Old English Orosius, and that it originates from a similar milieu. The mappa mundi’s northern perspective, together with its obvious dependence on and emulation of Carolingian cartography, suggest that its lost exemplar originated in the assertive England of the earlier tenth century.

Comparative Examination of Motifs and the Representation of Identies in Selected Works of Kamau Brathwaite and Helene Johnson

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Adetunji Adelokun
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Kamau Brathwaite ◽  
Identity Renegotiation ◽  
Comparative Examination

This paper is an attempt to consider the deployment of literary motifs to discuss the representation of identities in the selected works of Kamau Brathwaite and Helene Johnson. The analysis was informed by the need to identify the adherence to the preponderant theme of the quest for identity and the representation of identities in American Literary tradition. This study critically appraised and analyzed the development of the African-American and Caribbean literary traditions within the conscious space of displacement and identity renegotiation. The study revealed that the selected and critically pieces of the writers amplify the similarity or uniformity in the sociohistorical experiences of displacement from the root, search for identity and reinstatement of lost values in the enabling milieus of the writers.

scholarly journals The Persian Translation of Arabic Aesthetics: Rādūyānī's Rhetorical Renaissance

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Gould
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Literary Theory ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Literary Culture ◽  
Literary Form ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
Global Study ◽  
Classical Arabic ◽  
Persian Translation

Notwithstanding its value as the earliest extant New Persian treatment of the art of rhetoric, Rādūyānī's Interpreter of Rhetoric (Tarjumān al-Balāgha) has yet to be read from the vantage point of comparative poetics. Composed in the Ferghana region of modern Central Asia between the end of the eleventh century and the beginning of the twelfth century, Rādūyānī's vernacularization of classical Arabic norms inaugurated literary theory in the New Persian language. I argue here that Rādūyānī's vernacularization is most consequential with respect to its transformation of the classical Arabic tropes of metaphor (istiʿāra) and comparison (tashbīh) to suit the new exigencies of a New Persian literary culture. In reversing the relation between metaphor and comparison enshrined in Arabic aesthetics, Rādūyānī concretized the Persian contribution to the global study of literary form.

Shaping History in the 1st and 2nd Centuries CE in Its Literary Culture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eve-Marie Becker
Keyword(s):  
Literary Culture ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Literary Canon ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Western History ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Literary Phenomenon

This chapter studies the interrelation of history-writing and literary culture. It considers the function of history-writing within the context of Hellenistic literary culture, as historiography at the time can be seen as a literary phenomenon. History-writing represents a substantial contribution to ancient literature; it circulates within the sphere of the ancient literary canon. Chronologically speaking, Mark and Luke follow in the literary tradition set by the earliest in Western history-writing, yet literary tradition among the earliest Christian authors also differs from the Greco-Roman world. Where historiographical topics and concepts vary significantly from one author to the next, in Mark and Luke, the subject of the narrative, namely, the gospel, remains surprisingly constant.

scholarly journals ВАРОНОВИ ТЕКСТОВИ ИЗ ПОЉОПРИВРЕДЕ У ВИЗАНТИЈСКОЈ ЕНЦИКЛОПЕДИЈИ ГЕОПОНИЦИ/VARRO’S TEXTS FROM AGRICULTURE IN BYZANTINE ENCYCLOPEDIAS GEOPONIKA/VARRO TEXTS FROM AGRICULTURE IN BYZANTINE ENCYCLOPEDIAS GEOPONIKA

TEME ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 1421
Author(s):  
Зоран Симоновић
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Cattle Breeding

The paper discusses Varro’s texts about agriculture included in the Byzantine encyclopedia on agriculture by the redactor. The paper gives a historical overview of the use of Varro’s texts from the end of the first century BC to the middle of the tenth century. The texts refer to the following topics: when and in what month should certain agricultural crops be grown, how can the land be cultivated, instructions for the production of grapes, wine, olives and artichokes, feathered fowls and cattle breeding and other animals. Based on centuries of using Varro’s texts on agriculture, there is an impression that these texts had great importance for the development of agricultural production not only in Rome but also the Byzantine Empire.

scholarly journals Las técnicas constructivas en las murallas medievales de Almería

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Gurriarán Daza
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Rammed Earth ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Typical Scheme ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Middle Ages

Building techniques in the medieval walls of AlmeríaAlmería was one of the most important cities in al-Andalus, a circumstance that was possible thanks to the strength of its port. Its foundation as an urban entity during the Caliphate of Córdoba originated a typical scheme of an Islamic city organized by a medina and a citadel, both walled. Subsequent city’s growths, due to the creation of two large suburbs commencing in the eleventh century, also received defensive works, creating a system of fortifications that was destined to defend the place during the rest of the Middle Ages. In this work we will analyse the construction techniques used in these military works, which cover a wide period from the beginning of the tenth century until the end of the fifteenth century. Although ashlar stone was used in the Caliphate fortification, in most of these constructions bricklayer techniques were used, more modest but very useful. In this way, the masonry and rammed earth technique were predominant, giving rise to innumerable constructive phases that in recent times are being studied with archaeological methodology, thus to know better their evolution and main characteristics. 

scholarly journals Несколько замечаний о необычной славянской редакции "Видения апостола Павла" из рукописных cобраний в Польше

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
Ян Страдомский ◽  
Мария Иванова
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Unique Feature ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Unique Form ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Textual Tradition ◽  
Last Judgment ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Middle Ages

The apocryphal Apocalypse of St. Paul the Apostlebelongs to the group of early-Christian texts which exerted significant impact on people’s perceptionof the nether world and the Last Judgment. In the Middle Ages, the text was known in the area ofwestern and eastern Christian literary tradition. Numerous translations also include the renditionof the Apocalypse of St. Paul the Apostle into Church Slavonic, made in Bulgaria between the 10thand the 11th century, whose presence and distribution in the area of southern Slavdom and Rutheniais confirmed by copies of manuscripts. The article is devoted to a manuscript of the Apocalypse ofSt. Paul the Apostle hitherto overlooked in studies, whose unique form supplements and makes theSlavic textual tradition of the manuscript more comprehensible. The unique feature of the discussedcopy is supplementation of the text with an ending, present only in the ancient Syrian and Coptictranslations of the apocryphal text.

Lusterware Made in the Abbadid Taifa of Seville (Eleventh Century) and Its Early Production in the Mediterranean Region

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Barceló ◽  
Anja Heidenreich
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Ceramic Production ◽  
Luxury Goods ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Production ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Del Rio ◽  
Made In

This article presents a study of the expansion of Islamic lusterware across the Mediterranean before its production was fully consolidated in al-Andalus between the end of the twelfth and the thirteenth century. A number of examples are presented here that indicate a flourishing trade around the Mediterranean as early as the tenth century, including pottery as well as other luxury goods. A survey of lusterware found on the Iberian Peninsula has yielded relevant information on the complex technical history of local luster production. We present seven Andalusi luster fragments from the eleventh century that feature decoration on both sides, with one piece bearing epigraphic inscriptions naming two of the Abbadid rulers of Seville, al-Muʿtaḍid and al-Muʿtamid. Discovered in Spain (Seville and Palma del Rio) and Portugal (Silves and Coimbra), these fragments indicate the existence of a ceramic production center in Seville and another at the Abbadid palace during the second half of the eleventh century. These pieces indicate the direct and marked influence that the various centers of luxury luster production in the Islamic East and West exerted on one another, a phenomenon not uncommon in the history of Islamic pottery.


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