Big Five Personality Traits and Life Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Religiosity

Extensive empirical research conducted up till now has confirmed that personality represents one of the most significant predictors of life satisfaction. Still, no studies to date have empirically tested the path of influence from personality traits to religiosity and the effects of both on life satisfaction/positivity within the same model. In the current study, we aimed to verify whether the relationship between personality and satisfaction/positivity was mediated by religiousness, as it is considered motivational in nature. The sample consisted of 213 participants (72% women) aged between 18 and 75. The average age was approx. 32. We used the following tools: the NEO Five Factor Inventory, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Positivity Scale, the Personal Religiousness Scale, and the Intensity of Religious Attitude Scale. Our hypotheses (H1 and H2) found their confirmation to a large degree. In fact, life satisfaction positively correlated with extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Moreover, life satisfaction negatively correlated with neuroticism. A similar pattern of results, even slightly stronger, was found in the case of positivity and personality traits. Contrary to our assumptions, neither life satisfaction nor positivity correlated with openness to experience. Extraversion and agreeableness correlated positively with religious attitude, personal religiousness and its four dimensions. Conscientiousness correlated positively only with faith, personal religiousness, and religious attitude. We also found negative and significant correlations between openness and all of the dimensions of personal religiousness. A lack of correlation was found between: (1) neuroticism and all of the dimensions of religiosity; (2) conscientiousness and religious practices, and religious self. Our research offers a contribution to the field by providing evidence that some personality traits predict life satisfaction/positivity because respondents display a personal religiousness/religious attitude.

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Religious/Spiritual Struggles and Life Satisfaction among Young Roman Catholics: The Mediating Role of Gratitude

Religions ◽

10.3390/rel10060395 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 395 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Małgorzata Szcześniak ◽

Grażyna Bielecka ◽

Iga Bajkowska ◽

Anna Czaprowska ◽

Daria Madej

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Social Interactions ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Four Dimensions ◽

Dispositional Gratitude ◽

Spiritual Struggles ◽

The Relationship ◽

Roman Catholics

An extensive review of the psychological literature shows that interactions between religious/spiritual (R/S) struggles and other aspects of human functioning are complex and affected by “third” factors. Still, we have only a few studies that confirm R/S struggles as a source of well-being and indicate the ways in which it happens. In the present study, we aimed to verify whether the relationship between R/S struggles and life satisfaction was mediated by dispositional gratitude that seems to offer protection in times of adversity and turmoil. The sample consisted of 440 Roman Catholics (331 women) from Poland aged between 18 and 40. We applied the Religious Comfort and Strain Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Gratitude Questionnaire. In line with our hypotheses, it was confirmed that respondents with higher life satisfaction were more likely to display a higher sense of trust in God. They also declared a lower fear/guilt and perception of God as abandoning people. Gratitude correlated positively and significantly with religious comfort, and negatively with emotions towards God and social interactions surrounding religion. Moreover, it can be affirmed that dispositional gratitude mediated the relationship between three of four dimensions of religious strain and life satisfaction: religious comfort, negative emotions towards God, and negative social interactions surrounding religion.

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Impact of Parenting styles on Prosocial Behaviour and Life satisfaction among university students of Peshawar

Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research ◽

10.37605/pjhssr.v3i2.59 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 151-166

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Prosocial Behavior ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Helping Behavior ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Life Scale

The current study investigated the gender differences in Pro-social Behavior and focused on the relationship between helping behavior and life satisfaction of the students. This study was also aimed to explore the dominant parenting style of parents and its influence on the helping behavior of their children. A sample of 100 students (50 males and 50 females) were selected from different universities of Peshawar. The Helping Attitude Scale, (Nickell, 1998) Scale of Parenting Styles (2014) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (1985) were administered to the participants to measure all the variables. The obtained data were statistically analyzed by Product Moment Correlation and t-test in SPSS. The results revealed that male students scored higher on the helping attitude scale as compared to the female students and there was a significant correlation between the Prosocial behavior and life satisfaction whereas there was no significant difference between parenting style on prosocial behavior of the students.

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Measurement Invariance of the Serbian Version of the Satisfaction With Life Scale Across Age, Gender, and Time

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000410 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 555-563 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Veljko Jovanović

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Life Scale ◽

Serbian Version ◽

Age Range ◽

Over Time

Abstract. The present research aimed at examining measurement invariance of the Serbian version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) across age, gender, and time. A total sample in Study 1 consisted of 2,595 participants from Serbia, with a mean age of 23.79 years (age range: 14–55 years). The final sample in Study 2 included 333 Serbian undergraduate students ( Mage = 20.81; age range: 20–27 years), who completed the SWLS over periods of 6 and 18 months after the initial assessment. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the modified unidimensional model of the SWLS, with correlated residuals of items 4 and 5 tapping past satisfaction. The results of the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis supported the full scalar invariance across gender and over time and partial scalar invariance across age. Latent mean comparisons revealed that women reported higher life satisfaction than men. Additionally, adolescents reported higher life satisfaction than students and adults, with adults showing the lowest life satisfaction. Our findings indicate that the SWLS allows meaningful comparisons in life satisfaction across age, gender, and over time.

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Are Koreans Prepared for the Rapid Increase of the Single-Household Elderly? Life Satisfaction and Depression of the Single-Household Elderly in Korea

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/972194 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mi-Ra Won ◽

Yun-Jung Choi

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Geriatric Depression Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Mental Health Program ◽

Coping Resources ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Community Mental Health Program ◽

And Gender

Purpose. In Korea, it has been estimated that the number of the single-household elderly increased 45% from 2005 to 2010. This research was conducted to provide empirical resources for development of a community mental health program by an explorative investigation on depression, coping mechanism, and life satisfaction of a single-household elderly population.Design and Methods. This research applied a descriptive survey research design. Participants were 225 single-household elderlies residing in Seoul, Korea. The geriatric depression scale and the satisfaction with life scale were used to check the level of depression and life satisfaction of the participants.Results. Results showed that 46.3 percent of the participants were categorized as having light-to-severe level of depression, and 80.5 percent of the participants responded that they were dissatisfied with their lives. This research demonstrated that the level of depression and life satisfaction of the Korean single-household elderly is statistically significantly related to age and gender as well as coping resources and human resources.Implications. Current public health services in Korea for the single-household elderly are still lacking and require active support, intervention, and research to provide effective programs and services. Case management, counseling, and various programs based on Korean culture including support from family members and community-based assistance are recommended to help the vulnerable population.

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Age-Friendliness and Life Satisfaction of Young-Old and Old-Old in Hong Kong

Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research ◽

10.1155/2017/6215917 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alma M. L. Au ◽

Stephen C. Y. Chan ◽

H. M. Yip ◽

Jackie Y. C. Kwok ◽

K. Y. Lai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Social Participation ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Specific Aspect ◽

World Health ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Old Adults ◽

Young Old

Age-friendliness, promoted by the World Health Organization (WHO), aims to enable and support individuals in different aspects of life for fostering life satisfaction and personal well-being as they age. We identified specific aspect(s) of age-friendliness associated with life satisfaction and examined similarities and differences in age-friendliness and life satisfaction in young-old and old-old adults. Six hundred and eighty-two ageing adults were asked to complete a survey questionnaire consisting of the Age-friendly City Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and sociodemographic variables. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the effects of various domains of age-friendliness on life satisfaction among the young-old adults (aged 65 to 74, n=351) and the old-old adults (aged 75 to 97, n=331). Common domains associated with life satisfaction in both young-old and old-old groups were transportation and social participation. Community and health services were associated with life satisfaction for the young-old group only. On the other hand, civic participation and employment was significantly associated with the old-old group only. Social participation is important for the young-old and the old-old. Ageing older adults can be a resource to the society. Implications for promoting and implementing age-friendliness were discussed in the context of successful and productive ageing and the need for a more refined taxonomy of social activities.

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Hubungan Forgiveness dengan Subjective Well-Being pada Remaja di Panti Asuhan

Jurnal Psikologi Malahayati ◽

10.33024/jpm.v2i1.2488 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eka Septarianda ◽

Mohammad Nursalim Malay ◽

Khoiriyah Ulfah

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Positive Affect ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Life Scale ◽

Three Components

ABSTRACT: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FORGIVENESS AND SUBJECTIVE WELL BEING AMONG ORPHANAGE ADOLESCENTSThis study aims to determine the relationship between forgiveness and subjective well-being in adolescents who are in the orphanage, through the three components contained in it, i.e. life satisfaction, positive affect and negative affect. The subjects of this study were 58 adolescents in the Budi Mulya Muhammadiyah Sukarame orphanage. Data collection method using three scales, those are Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Possitive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The data analysis technique used is the product moment correlation. The results of the analysis of this study explain that there is a positive relationship between forgiveness and subjective well-being through the three components in SWB. The results of this study have implications about the importance of forgiveness in increasing subjective well being in orphanage adolescent.Keywords: Forgiveness, Subjective Well-Being, Orphanage AdolescentPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan forgiveness dengan subjective well-being pada remaja yang berada di panti asuhan, melalui tiga komponen yang terdapat di dalamnya, yaitu life satisfaction, positive affect dan negative affect. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 58 remaja panti asuhan Budi Mulya Muhammadiyah Sukarame. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan tiga skala, yaitu Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) dan Possitive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Data dianalisis dengan korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian ini menerangkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif antara forgiveness dengan subjective well-being melalui tiga komponen dalam SWB. Hasil penelitian ini memberi implikasi tentang pentingnya forgiveness dalam meningkatkan subjective well being pada remaja dipanti asuhan.Kata Kunci: Forgiveness, Subjective Well Being, Remaja Panti Asuhan

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Psychological Factors Influencing Life Satisfaction of Undergraduates

10.31234/osf.io/xdpfz ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Bukunmi O Adewumi ◽

Olubukola Ajayi

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Future Research ◽

Factors Influencing

This study was designed to assess the psychological factors influencing life satisfaction of undergraduates. The instruments used were Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), Rosenberge Self-esteem Scale (RSS), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). A total number of 190 participants were purposively selected across various faculties in Ekiti State University. Four hypotheses were tested using Independent t-test to find the effects of perceived stress, emotional intelligence, and self-esteem on life satisfaction. Multiple regression was used to find the joint and individual influences of these variables. The results showed that there is no significant influence of perceived stress on life satisfaction (t (75) = 1.23, p = .22, 95% CI [-1.14, 4.83). There is no significant influence of self-esteem on life satisfaction (t (51) = -1.31, p = .20, 95% CI [-5.28, 1.11), and there is no significant joint influence of perceived stress, emotional intelligence and self-esteem on life satisfaction (F (3,187) = 1.79, p = .15, R2 =.03). Additionally, perceived stress (β = .07, p = .33), emotional intelligence (β = .14, p = 054) and self-esteem (β = .02, p = .83) did not have independent influences on life satisfaction. Implications of the present findings for future research are discussed, as well as potential interventions for improving life satisfaction.

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RELATIONSHIP OF BURNOUT WITH RESCUERS JOB PERFORMANCE

10.31124/advance.12275555.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Naveed Shibli ◽

Iram Mumtaz

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Cultural Studies ◽

Job Performance ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Government Department ◽

Life Scale ◽

Relationship Of

Rescuers jobs are important because these are related with own and others lives. The present study was conducted to study that how burnout levels are related with rescuers and their jobs? Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, Self-efficacy scale and the satisfaction with life scale were administered to 120 male rescuers working in a government department serving against various positions. It was found that self-efficacy was significantly correlated with life satisfaction (r= .45, p< .01) among rescuers. Moreover it was found that self-efficacy and life satisfaction were negatively correlated with burnout (r= -.71, p< .01), (r= -.56, p< .01). Some important demographic findings regarding age, assignment and education also emerged. Cross-cultural studies recommended.

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Investigation of the psychological resilience of teacher candidates in terms of sense of humor and life satisfaction

Research in Pedagogy ◽

10.5937/istrped2101251t ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 251-263

Author(s):

Zeliha Tras ◽

Büşra Kabakci ◽

Baltacı Bilge

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Teacher Candidates ◽

Positive Relationship ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Personal Information ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Female Teacher ◽

Sense Of Humor

The aim of this study is to examine the psychological resilience in teacher candidates in terms of sense of humor and life satisfaction. Correlational research model was used in the study. The dependent variable of the research is psychological resilience and independent variables are sense of humor and life satisfaction. The research was carried out on 427 teacher candidates between the ages of 18-27, 318 females (74.5%) and 109 males (25.5%). The Resilience Scale for Adults, The Multidimensional Sense of Humor Scale, The Satisfaction with Life Scale and Personal Information Form were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, independent groups t-test, variance analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis were used to analyze the data. When the findings of the study are analyzed, it is seen that psychological resilience in terms of gender differs significantly in favor of female teacher candidates. A positive relationship was found between teacher candidates' psychological resilience and sense of humor. In addition, a positive relationship was found between psychological resilience and life satisfaction. Looking at the findings, it is seen that the variables of sense of humor and life satisfaction predict psychological resilience significantly. The findings were discussed according to the literature and various suggestions were presented.

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Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the satisfaction with life scale in a sample of individuals with mental illness

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.11432 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e11432

Author(s):

Danilo Garcia ◽

Ali Al Nima ◽

Maryam Kazemitabar ◽

Clara Amato ◽

Franco Lucchese ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽

Good Information ◽

Swedish Version ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Life Scale

Background Health assessment among individuals with mental health problems often involves measures of ill-being (e.g., anxiety, depression). Health is, however, defined as a state of physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease (WHO, 1948, 2001). Hence, in order to address mental illness during the 21st century, we need to develop methods for the prevention, identification and treatment of mental illness; but also, for the promotion, identification, and maintenance of well-being. In this context, over three decades of subjective well-being research have resulted in the development of measures of positive aspects of human life, such as the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985). Our aim was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale in a Swedish population of individuals with mental illness using both Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). Method A total of 264 participants (age mean = 43.46, SD = 13.31) diagnosed with different types of mental illness answered to the Swedish version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (five items, 7-point scale: 1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree). Results We found positive and significant relationships between the five items of the scale (r ranging from 0.37 to 0.75), good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.86), and that the one-factor solution had best goodness of fit (loadings between 0.52–0.88, p < 0.001). Additionally, there were no significant differences in comparative fit indexes regarding gender and occupation status. All items had high discrimination values (between 1.95–3.81), but item 5 (“If I could live my life over, I would change almost nothing”); which had a moderate discrimination value (1.17) and the highest estimated difficulty on response 7 (3.06). Moreover, item 2 (“The conditions of my life are excellent”) had less discrimination and redundant difficulty with both item 1 (“In most ways my life is close to my ideal”; 2.03) on response 7 and with item 3 (“I am satisfied with my life”; –1.21) on response 1. The five items together provided good information, with especial good reliability and small standard error within −1.00 up to about 2.00 and the highest amount of test information at 0.00 of the level of life satisfaction within this population. Conclusions Consistent with previous research, the scale had good reliability and provided good information across most of the latent trait range. In addition, within this population, sociodemographic factors such as gender and occupation status do not influence how individuals respond to the items in the scale. However, the items couldn’t measure extreme levels of low/high life satisfaction. We suggest replication of these findings, the test of additional items, and the modification of items 2 and 5 in order to use the scale among individuals with mental illness.

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