scholarly journals Hemp Cables, a Sustainable Alternative to Harmonic Steel for Cable Nets

Resources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Viskovic
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Nonlinear Analyses ◽  
Hyperbolic Paraboloid ◽  
Materials Engineering ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Vertical Displacements ◽  
Cable Nets

Recent developments in the field of materials engineering have allowed for the use of natural materials for common structural elements, instead of traditional materials, such as steel or concrete. In this context, hemp is a very interesting material for structural building design. This paper proposes the use of hemp cables for roofs with hyperbolic paraboloid cable nets, which sees the use of a sustainable material for structure, thus having a very low environmental impact, in terms of structural thickness and amount of material. The paper discusses five different plan sizes and two different hyperbolic paraboloid surface radius of curvatures. The cable traction, which gives the cable net stiffness, was varied in order to give a parametric database of structural response. Three dimensional geometrically nonlinear analyses were carried out on different geometries (i.e., 10), cable net stiffnesses (i.e., 8), and materials (i.e., 2). Traditional harmonic steel and hemp cables are compared, in terms of vertical displacements and natural periods under dead and permanent loads.

Great open spaces for emergency covered with Hemp cables nets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Taddeo ◽  
Marco Di Giovanni ◽  
Alberto Viskovic ◽  
Piero D'Asdia
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Geometrically Nonlinear ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Inflatable Structures ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Hyperbolic Paraboloid ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Paraboloid Surface

<p>Emergencies like post hurricane or earthquake need of buildings quick and easy to build. These buildings have to be great open spaces in order to host as many people as possible. These buildings can be non-temporary because they are useful for one, two years or more. For this reason, they have to be designed like permanent buildings. This exclude a great number of typologies as for example inflatable structures. The typology suggested is cables net and membrane roofs with hyperbolic paraboloid shape. These typology permits to cover very large span and it is built easily and quickly. In order to encourage a sustainability approach to build, the paper promotes recent developments in the field of material engineering that have allowed for the use of natural materials for common structural elements instead of traditional materials such as steel or concrete. In this context, hemp is a very interesting material for structural building design. This paper proposes the use of hemp cables for roofs with hyperbolic paraboloid cables nets, which sees the use of a sustainability material for structure thus having a very low environmental impact in terms of structural weight. The paper discusses five different plan sizes and two different hyperbolic paraboloid surface radius of curvatures. The cable traction, which gives the cable net stiffness, was varied in order to give a parametric database of structural response. Three-dimensional geometrically nonlinear element analyses were carried out on different geometries and a parametrization of the borders structures of anchorage is given.</p>

Designing TIMP (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases) variants that are selective metalloproteinase inhibitors

2003 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 201-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Nagase ◽  
Keith Brew
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Tissue Inhibitors Of Metalloproteinases ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Ridge Structure ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
Metalloproteinase Inhibitors ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase

The tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are endogenous inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), enzymes that play central roles in the degradation of extracellular matrix components. The balance between MMPs and TIMPs is important in the maintenance of tissues, and its disruption affects tissue homoeostasis. Four related TIMPs (TIMP-1 to TIMP-4) can each form a complex with MMPs in a 1:1 stoichiometry with high affinity, but their inhibitory activities towards different MMPs are not particularly selective. The three-dimensional structures of TIMP-MMP complexes reveal that TIMPs have an extended ridge structure that slots into the active site of MMPs. Mutation of three separate residues in the ridge, at positions 2, 4 and 68 in the amino acid sequence of the N-terminal inhibitory domain of TIMP-1 (N-TIMP-1), separately and in combination has produced N-TIMP-1 variants with higher binding affinity and specificity for individual MMPs. TIMP-3 is unique in that it inhibits not only MMPs, but also several ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) and ADAMTS (ADAM with thrombospondin motifs) metalloproteinases. Inhibition of the latter groups of metalloproteinases, as exemplified with ADAMTS-4 (aggrecanase 1), requires additional structural elements in TIMP-3 that have not yet been identified. Knowledge of the structural basis of the inhibitory action of TIMPs will facilitate the design of selective TIMP variants for investigating the biological roles of specific MMPs and for developing therapeutic interventions for MMP-associated diseases.

Influence of the distribution of the shear walls on the seismic response of the buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
El Mehdi Echebba ◽  
Hasnae Boubel ◽  
Oumnia Elmrabet ◽  
Mohamed Rougui
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Seismic Response ◽  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Ansys Apdl ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In this paper, an evaluation was tried for the impact of structural design on structural response. Several situations are foreseen as the possibilities of changing the distribution of the structural elements (sails, columns, etc.), the width of the structure and the number of floors indicates the adapted type of bracing for a given structure by referring only to its Geometric dimensions. This was done by studying the effect of the technical design of the building on the natural frequency of the structure with the study of the influence of the distribution of the structural elements on the seismic response of the building, taking into account of the requirements of the Moroccan earthquake regulations 2000/2011 and using the ANSYS APDL and Robot Structural Analysis software.

A test of airborne, side-looking synthetic-aperture radar in central Newfoundland for geological reconnaissance

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Graham ◽  
D. R. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Terrain Classification ◽  
Regional Trends ◽  
Valuable Complement ◽  
Wide Swath ◽  
Aperture Radar

Side-looking, C-band synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) penetrates cloud and fog, and operates day or night, to produce pseudo-three-dimensional terrain images with enhanced topography and surface roughness. The images, which have a 20 m resolution and cover large areas, have been used to map the regional trends, patterns of lineaments, and terrain types over a 6200 km2 area of complex lithology, structure, and drift cover. Four lineament classes are differentiated. Glacial trends are clear, and bedrock structures (faults, fractures, joints, foliation, and folded bedding) with relief expression at the surface show through the drift as lineaments. They accurately reproduce most known features when compared with bedrock and Quatenary geology maps. Hitherto unrecognized structural elements are revealed. Tones and textures reflect minute surface roughness variations useful in terrain classification. SAR wide-swath-mode imagery is thus a valuable complement to aerial photography, and is superior in revealing hummocky moraine, ribbed moraine, boulder fields and stony till. Wider use of this imagery is encouraged.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional 𝒩 = 2 supersymmetric gauge theories and partition functions on Seifert manifolds: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (23) ◽  
pp. 1930011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Closset ◽  
Heeyeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Functions ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Partition Functions ◽  
Exact Results ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Seifert Manifolds ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Supersymmetric Gauge ◽  
Chern Simons

We give a pedagogical introduction to the study of supersymmetric partition functions of 3D [Formula: see text] supersymmetric Chern–Simons-matter theories (with an [Formula: see text]-symmetry) on half-BPS closed three-manifolds — including [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and any Seifert three-manifold. Three-dimensional gauge theories can flow to nontrivial fixed points in the infrared. In the presence of 3D [Formula: see text] supersymmetry, many exact results are known about the strongly-coupled infrared, due in good part to powerful localization techniques. We review some of these techniques and emphasize some more recent developments, which provide a simple and comprehensive formalism for the exact computation of half-BPS observables on closed three-manifolds (partition functions and correlation functions of line operators). Along the way, we also review simple examples of 3D infrared dualities. The computation of supersymmetric partition functions provides exceedingly precise tests of these dualities.

scholarly journals Composite hollow truss with multiple vierendeel panels

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-438
Author(s):  
Augusto Ottoni Bueno da Silva ◽  
Newton de Oliveira Pinto Júnior ◽  
João Alberto Venegas Requena
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Vertical Displacements ◽  
New System ◽  
The Ideal

The aim of this study was to evaluate through analytical calculation, two-dimensional elastic modeling, and three-dimensional plastic modeling, the bearing capacity and failure modes of composite hollow trusses bi-supported with a 15 meter span, varying the number of central Vierendeel panels. The study found the proportion span/3 - span/3 - span/3, as the ideal relationship for the truss - Vierendeel - truss lengths, because by increasing the proportion of the length occupied by the central Vierendeel panels, the new system loses stiffness and no longer supports the load stipulated in the project. Furthermore, they can start presenting excessive vertical displacements and insufficient resistance to external shear forces acting on the panels.

Recent Developments In Monochromatic Microprobe X-Ray Fluorescence (MMXRF)

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
Z. W. Chen ◽  
D. B. Wittry
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Fluorescence Excitation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Quantitative Microanalysis ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Fifth Order

A monochromatic x-ray microprobe based on a laboratory source has recently been developed in our laboratory and used for fluorescence excitation. This technique provides high sensitivity (ppm to ppb), nondestructive, quantitative microanalysis with minimum sample preparation and does not require a high vacuum specimen chamber. It is expected that this technique (MMXRF) will have important applications in materials science, geological sciences and biological science.Three-dimensional focusing of x-rays can be obtained by using diffraction from doubly curved crystals. In our MMXRF setup, a small x-ray source was produced by the bombardment of a selected target with a focused electron beam and a toroidal mica diffractor with Johann pointfocusing geometry was used to focus characteristic x-rays from the source. In the previous work ∼ 108 photons/s were obtained in a Cu Kα probe of 75 μm × 43 μm in the specimen plane using the fifth order reflection of the (002) planes of mica.

Recent Developments in the Evolution of Morphologies and Controllers for Physically Simulated Creatures

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Taylor ◽  
Colm Massey
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Parallel Computer ◽  
Connection Machine ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Body Shapes

Karl Sims' work [25, 26] on evolving body shapes and controllers for three-dimensional, physically simulated creatures generated wide interest on its publication in 1994. The purpose of this article is threefold: (a) to highlight a spate of recent work by a number of researchers in replicating, and in some cases extending, Sims' results using standard PCs (Sims' original work was done on a Connection Machine CM-5 parallel computer). In particular, a re-implementation of Sims' work by the authors will be described and discussed; (b) to illustrate how off-the-shelf physics engines can be used in this sort of work, and also to highlight some deficiencies of these engines and pitfalls when using them; and (c) to indicate how these recent studies stand in respect to Sims' original work.

Recent developments in fabricating drag reduction surfaces covering biological sharkskin morphology

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuehao Luo ◽  
Xia Xu ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Wen Song
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Drag Reduction ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Viscous Drag ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Energy Shortage

AbstractWith the rapid development of science and technology, increasing research interests have been focused on environment protection, global warming, and energy shortage. At present, reducing friction force as much as possible has developed into an urgent issue. Sharkskin effect has the potential ability to lower viscous drag on the fluid-solid interface in turbulence, and therefore, how to fabricate bio-inspired sharkskin surfaces is progressively becoming the hot topic. In this review, various methods of fabricating drag reduction surfaces covering biological sharkskin morphology are illustrated and discussed systematically, mainly involving direct bio-replicated, synthetic fabricating, bio/micro-rolling, enlarged solvent-swelling, drag reduction additive low-releasing, trans-scale enlarged three-dimensional fabricating, flexible printing, large-proportional shrunken bio-replicating, ultraviolet (UV) curable painting, and stretching deformed methods. The overview has the potential benefits in better acquainting with the recent research status of fabricating sharkskin surfaces covering the biological morphology.

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