scholarly journals Automatic Detection of Spatiotemporal Urban Expansion Patterns by Fusing OSM and Landsat Data in Kathmandu

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 2296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishanta Khanal ◽  
Kabir Uddin ◽  
Mir Matin ◽  
Karis Tenneson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
The City

During the last few decades, a large number of people have migrated to Kathmandu city from all parts of Nepal, resulting in rapid expansion of the city. The unplanned and accelerated growth is causing many environmental and population management issues. To manage urban growth efficiently, the city authorities need a means to be able to monitor urban expansion regularly. In this study, we introduced a novel approach to automatically detect urban expansion by leveraging state-of-the-art cloud computing technologies using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. We proposed a new index named Normalized Difference and Distance Built-up Index (NDDBI) for identifying built-up areas by combining the LandSat-derived vegetation index with distances from the nearest roads and buildings analysed from OpenStreetMap (OSM). We also focused on logical consistencies of land-cover change to remove unreasonable transitions supported by the repeat photography. Our analysis of the historical urban growth patterns between 2000 and 2018 shows that the settlement areas were increased from 63.68 sq km in 2000 to 148.53 sq km in 2018. The overall accuracy of mapping the newly-built areas of urban expansion was 94.33%. We have demonstrated that the methodology and data generated in the study can be replicated to easily map built-up areas and support quicker and more efficient land management and land-use planning in rapidly growing cities worldwide.

scholarly journals REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES FOR URBAN GROWTH MONITORING OF BASARAH CITY

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah A. H. Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Remote Sensing And Gis ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth Monitoring

Basarah city has experienced a rapid urban expansion over the last decades dueto accelerated economic growth. This paper reports an investigation into the application ofthe integration of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) for detectingurban built up growth for the period 1973 - 2002, and evaluate its impact on theenvironmental situation of Basarah city by analyzing the spatial distribution of urbanexpansion according to land cover types and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI). The integration of remote sensing and GIS was found to be effective inmonitoring and analyzing urban growth patterns and in evaluating urbanization impact onsurface conditions of Baghdad area.

scholarly journals Implications of Present Land Use Plan on Urban Growth and Environmental Sustainability in a Sub Saharan Africa City

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakka Solomon Dyachia ◽  
Ariva Sugandi Permana ◽  
Chin Siong Ho ◽  
Adams Ndalai Baba ◽  
Oluwagbemiga Paul Agboola
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The City

Land use, urban development and environmental sustainability have become an interesting research arena as urban development would change the city landscape as well as generate environmental degradation. This paper looks at the missing link between land use planning and urban growth, and it implications for environmental sustainability in a selected sub Saharan Africa city of Kaduna, Nigeria. We assessed urban growth from historical GIS data of the city to evaluate the urban expansion. At the same time, regression analysis was used to established relationship between carbon emission and traffic volume in the city. A city characterized by weak land use planning has created a gap leading to uncoordinated land use planning and uncontrolled physical growth. A steady increase of built up area of 8,400.31 hectares in 1982 to an area of 17,120.5 hectares in 2015 can be a reflection of the presence of uncontrolled urban expansion. The lack of coordination between land use planning and urban growth has resulted to environmental ills within the city. One among the ills, is ubiquitous traffic congestion within the city leading to high carbon (CO2) emission. Findings shows a strong connection between emission and volume of traffic. In addition to findings, is the decline of green areas in the city. By this findings, it is suggested that the modern concept of land use planning which embraces flexibility, public participation and integration of environmental issues should be entrenched and allow to take the lead in the process of urban growth.

scholarly journals Urban Growth, Real Estate Development and Indigenous Property: Simulating the Expansion Process in the City of Temuco, Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Francisco Maturana ◽  
Mauricio Morales ◽  
Fernando Peña-Cortés ◽  
Marco A. Peña ◽  
Carlos Vielma
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Real Estate Development ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
The Future ◽  
Urban Scenario ◽  
The City

Urbanization is spreading across the world and beyond metropolitan areas. Medium-sized cities have also undergone processes of accelerated urban expansion, especially in Latin America, thanks to scant regulation or a complete lack thereof. Thus, understanding urban growth in the past and simulating it in the future has become a tool to raise its visibility and challenge territorial planners. In this work, we use Markov chains, cellular automata, multi-criteria multi-objective evaluation, and the determination of land use/land cover (LULC) to model the urban growth of the city of Temuco, Chile, a paradigmatic case because it has experienced powerful growth, where real estate development pressures coexist with a high natural value and the presence of indigenous communities. The urban scenario is determined for the years 2033 and 2049 based on the spatial patterns between 1985 and 2017, where the model shows the trend of expansion toward the northeast and significant development in the western sector of the city, making them two potential centers of expansion and conflict in the future given the heavy pressure on lands that are indigenous property and have a high natural value, aspects that need to be incorporated into future territorial planning instruments.

scholarly journals Цифровізація розвитку міст: Urban Atlas на основі відкритих даних для міст України

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Андрій Юрійович Шелестов ◽  
Алла Миколаївна Лавренюк ◽  
Богдан Ялкапович Яйлимов ◽  
Ганна Олексіївна Яйлимова
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Project Smart ◽  
Unified Algorithm ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Ukraine is an associate member of the European Union and in the coming years it is expected that all data and services already used by EU countries will be available to Ukraine. The lack of quality national products for assessing the development and planning of urban growth makes it impossible to assess the impact of cities on the environment and human health. The first steps to create such products for the cities of Ukraine were initiated within the European project "SMart URBan Solutions for air quality, disasters and city growth" (SMURBS), in which specialists from the Space Research Institute of NAS of Ukraine and SSA of Ukraine received the first city atlas for the Kyiv city, which was similar to the European one. However, the resulting product had significantly fewer types of land use than the European one and therefore the question of improving the developed technology arose. The main purpose of the work is to analyze the existing technology of European service Urban Atlas creation and its improvement by developing a unified algorithm for building an urban atlas using all available open geospatial and satellite data for the cities of Ukraine. The development of such technology is based on our own technology for classifying satellite time series with a spatial resolution of 10 meters to build a land cover map, as well as an algorithm for unifying open geospatial data to urban atlases Copernicus. The technology of construction of the city atlas developed in work, based on the intellectual model of classification of a land cover, can be extended to other cities of Ukraine. In the future, the creation of such a product on the basis of data for different years will allow to assess changes in land use and make a forecast for further urban expansion. The proposed information technology for constructing the city atlas will be useful for assessing the dynamics of urban growth and closely related social and economic indicators of their development. Based on it, it is also possible to assess indicators of achieving the goals of sustainable development, such as 11.3.1 "The ratio of land consumption and population growth." The study shows that the city atlas obtained for the Kyiv city has a high level of quality and has comparable land use classes with European products. It indicates that such a product can be used in government decision-making services.

scholarly journals Impacts of Urban Sprawl on Livability in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 334-343
Author(s):  
Nuhu H. Tini ◽  
Bartholomew Joshua Light
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Public Facility ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The City

Urban sprawl is a global phenomenon in the contemporary era. It is mostly taking place in the less developed countries due to natural increase and consistent movement of people into the mega cities and large urban centers. The phenomenon has globally gained attention from diverse researchers in the field of urban geography, environmental studies, city and region planning in view of its significant influence on the urban environment. However, the effect of sprawl on urban livability and economy in Nigerian cities is scarcely investigated especially in Northern Nigeria. This research explores the social and economic effects of urban sprawl in Kaduna metropolis. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) Technologies were applied for the analysis. The study found that Kaduna metropolis has experienced a progressive increase in the built-up area; in 2006 it had an aerial coverage of 13,980 hectares, a rise of 107.91% from 2001 aerial coverage of 6724 hectares. In 2012, the city had an aerial coverage of 15,808 hectares, an increase of 13.08% from 2006. Conversely, there has been a remarkable decrease in percentage of vegetation (1,458 hectares) and agricultural (11,739 hectares) land areas. In turn, such changes has adversely affected urban facilities or utilities such as pipe-borne water, electricity, health facilities, schools, security, transportation, wastewater infrastructures and fire safety services, which has become overstressed. Economic crisis has manifested in the rise of unemployment and escalating number of urban poor. Residential land use has encroached into open spaces while commercial activities overrun residential areas. Increase in distance and journey time make travel cost unbearable to the common man. These and social fragmentation retard livability in the city. Thus calls for a balance sustainable development in Kaduna metropolis and effective management of urban growth by the Kaduna Capital Development Board Authority. In due course, smart growth policy, growth management, urban containment, effective land use planning and public facility adequacy have been recommended to foster viable urban growth in Kaduna city and elsewhere.

scholarly journals Salinas en la Provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador. Caracterización e impactos por la expansión urbana = Salt Flats in Santa Elena’s province, Ecuador. Characterization and impacts of urban expansion

2018 ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Yadira Henríquez Tigrero
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Salt Extraction ◽  
Salt Flats ◽  
The City ◽  
Santa Elena

ResumenLa extracción de la sal en la puntilla se ha venido desarrollando desde 1763, y ha sido un motor económico y medio para proveer de recursos a familias que artesanalmente se dedicaban a ella. Las salinas de la Provincia de Santa Elena conforman un ecosistema en el que convivencomunidades vegetales y especies endémicas y constituyen uno de los paisajes naturales más singulares de la provincia.En la actualidad el paisaje salinero se ha visto reducido en las últimas décadas por la expansión urbana y la carencia de políticas de estado que contemplen su conservación. El presente trabajo de investigación muestra el análisis de la situación de las salinas marinas, emplazadas en la costa de la ciudad de Salinas, centrándose en los cambios que han presentadoen los últimos años, debido a los procesos de urbanización. Desde una perspectiva histórica y etnográfica se describe el funcionamiento y  métodos de extracción de la sal; para la identificación y clasificación de las salinas tanto industriales como artesanales. El estudio comprende lavariación en la extensión de las salinas, y si son contempladas en las estrategias de protección frente al crecimiento urbano en los instrumentos normativos municipales.AbstractSalt extraction in The Salinas has been developing since 1763 and has been an economic and an engine to provide resources to families who were handcrafted engaged in it. The Salina’s municipality make up an ecosystem in which plant communities and endemic species coexist andconstitute one of the most unique provinces’s natural landscapes.Today the salt landscape has been reduced in recent decades by urban expansion and the lack of State Policies that contemplate its conservation. This research paper shows the analysis of the the salt marshes’s situation, located on the coast of the city of Salinas, focusing on the changes theyhave presented in recent years, due to urbanization processes. From a historical and ethnographic perspective, the operation and methods of salt extraction are described, for the identification and classification of both industrial and handcrafted salt flats. The study comprises the variation in the extension of the Salinas, and if they are contemplated in the strategies of protection against the urban growth in the normative instruments of the municipality.Salinas as a city its contemplating the implementation of strategies for protection of these ecosystems against the urban growth in the normative instruments of the municipality.

scholarly journals MODELLING URBAN GROWTH FOR BANGKOK AND ASSESSING LINKAGES WITH ROAD DENSITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W19 ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
S. A. Kamarajugedda ◽  
E. Y. M. Lo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
City Development ◽  
Road Density ◽  
The Future

Abstract. The fastest urbanization is occurring in the Global South which includes many developing nations in Asia. However, a rapid and unplanned urban growth could threaten the sustainability of the process. A key step towards a sustainable urban development is to better understand interdependencies amongst urban growth patterns, infrastructure and socio-economic indicators. Here we chose Bangkok, Thailand as a megacity case study to assess the spatio-temporal urban growth dynamics and specifically its dependency with road density at intra-city scales. The SLEUTH urban growth model is further applied for predicting future expansion over the next decade and to assess the future intra-city expansion. Urban expansion patterns for Bangkok were generated for 1987 and 2017 using Landsat derived urban land-cover maps. Open Street Map (OSM) is used to generate a 2017 road density map. The urban expansion (1987–2017) was observed to follow a radially outward expanding pattern inland, with the logarithmic urban expansion rate having an inverted concave trend with road density. The rising/falling limbs then indicated an increase/decrease of urban expansion for which a road density “turning point” is readily identified and further used to develop a road density-based zoning map that highlights the different intra-city urban expansion rates. The SLEUTH predicted urban growth till year 2027 which also showed expansion outward from existing urban areas. The future expansion trend is also consistent with the turning point trend. This study showed that such spatial-temporal analysis of urban expansion coupled with SLEUTH can be useful for investigating likely outcomes of city development plans.

Developing City-Wide Hurricane Impact Maps using Real-Life Data on Infrastructure, Vegetation and Weather

2020 ◽  
pp. 036119812097271
Author(s):  
Mingyang Chen ◽  
Alican Karaer ◽  
Eren Erman Ozguven ◽  
Tarek Abichou ◽  
Reza Arghandeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Hurricane Impact ◽  
The City

Hurricanes affect thousands of people annually, with devastating consequences such as loss of life, vegetation and infrastructure. Vegetation losses such as downed trees and infrastructure disruptions such as toppled power lines often lead to roadway closures. These disruptions can be life threatening for the victims. Emergency officials, therefore, have been trying to find ways to alleviate such problems by identifying those locations that pose high risk in the aftermath of hurricanes. This paper proposes an integrated methodology that utilizes both Google Earth Engine (GEE) and geographical information systems (GIS). First, GEE is used to access Sentinel-2 satellite images and calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to investigate the vegetation change as a result of Hurricane Michael in the City of Tallahassee. Second, through the use of ArcGIS, data on wind speed, debris, roadway density and demographics are incorporated into the methodology in addition to the NDVI indices to assess the overall impact of the hurricane. As a result, city-wide hurricane impact maps are created using weighted indices created based on all these data sets. Findings indicate that the northeast side of the city was the worst affected because of the hurricane. This is a region where more seniors live, and such disruptions can lead to dramatic consequences because of the fragility of these seniors. Officials can pinpoint the identified critical locations for future improvements such as roadway geometry modification and landscaping justification.

scholarly journals Integrating Data-Driven and Participatory Modeling to Simulate Future Urban Growth Scenarios: Findings from Monastir, Tunisia

Urban Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Mostapha Harb ◽  
Matthias Garschagen ◽  
Davide Cotti ◽  
Elke Krätzschmar ◽  
Hayet Baccouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Participatory Modeling ◽  
Urban Growth Scenarios ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
The City

Current rapid urbanization trends in developing countries present considerable challenges to local governments, potentially hindering efforts towards sustainable urban development. To effectively anticipate the challenges posed by urbanization, participatory modeling techniques can help to stimulate future-oriented decision-making by exploring alternative development scenarios. With the example of the coastal city of Monastir, we present the results of an integrated urban growth analysis that combines the SLEUTH (slope, land use, exclusion, urban extent, transportation, and hill shade) cellular automata model with qualitative inputs from relevant local stakeholders to simulate urban growth until 2030. While historical time-series of Landsat data fed a business-as-usual prediction, the quantification of narrative storylines derived from participatory scenario workshops enabled the creation of four additional urban growth scenarios. Results show that the growth of the city will occur at different rates under all scenarios. Both the “business-as-usual” (BaU) prediction and the four scenarios revealed that urban expansion is expected to further encroach on agricultural land by 2030. The various scenarios suggest that Monastir will expand between 127–149 hectares. The information provided here goes beyond simply projecting past trends, giving decision-makers the necessary support for both understanding possible future urban expansion pathways and proactively managing the future growth of the city.

scholarly journals Revisiting Spatiotemporal Changes in Global Urban Expansion during 1995 to 2015

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Huiying Wang ◽  
Peng Xie ◽  
Yingxue Rao ◽  
Qingsong He
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Urbanization Rate ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Population Urbanization

This study used global land-use data interpreted from remote sensing images to quantitatively analyze the spatial and temporal changes in global urban expansion over the past 20 years, as well as the source, rate of expansion, and urban growth patterns of newly added urban land (NAUL) around the world. Some main conclusions included the following. (1) Globally, NAUL was mainly derived from agriculture, grassland, and forest. These three types of land use contributed 68.93%, 10.10%, and 9.76%, respectively, to the land sources for NAUL. (2) Eight countries/regions (CRs)—India, Pakistan, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Philippines, Ethiopia, Egypt, and Vietnam—had significant potential for future urban growth and were designated as the “Emerging Urban Growth G8.” Also, Africa will continue to lead global urbanization after Asia. (3) Global urban expansion was still in a typical stage of edge expansion. Urban expansion in Oceania was the most aggregated, whereas in Asia, it was the most diffuse. (4) Apart from African CRs, the urban expansion rate in most CRs was higher than the population urbanization rate, so urbanization does not pose a significant threat to global food security. In addition, for CR with NAUL>1,000 km2, the level of economic development had a positive effect compact urban development. This study mapped large-scale urban expansion using unified data, a unified definition of urban boundaries, and over a unified time span.

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