scholarly journals Porophyllum Genus Compounds and Pharmacological Activities: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
María José Vázquez-Atanacio ◽  
Mirandeli Bautista-Ávila ◽  
Claudia Velázquez-González ◽  
Araceli Castañeda-Ovando ◽  
Manasés González-Cortazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
New Class ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Important Center

The genus Porophyllum (family Asteraceae) is native to the western hemisphere, growing in tropical and subtropical North and South America. Mexico is an important center of diversification of the genus. Plants belong of genus Porophyllum have been used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat kidney and intestinal diseases, parasitic, bacterial, and fungal infections and anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities. In this sense, several trials have been made on its chemical and in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities. These studies were carried on the extracts and isolated compounds and support most of their reported uses in folk medicine as antifungal, antileishmanial, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and burn repair activities, and as a potential source of new class of insecticides. Bio guided phytochemical studies showed the isolation of thiophenes, terpenes and phenolics compounds, which could be responsible for the pharmacological activities. However, more pre-clinical assays that highlight the mechanisms of action of the compounds involved in pharmacological function are lacking. This review discusses the current knowledge of their chemistry, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities carried out on the plants belonging to the Porophyllum genus.

Verbena officinalis (Common Vervain) – A Review on the Investigations of This Medicinally Important Plant Species

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (17) ◽  
pp. 1241-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Kubica ◽  
Agnieszka Szopa ◽  
Jakub Dominiak ◽  
Maria Luczkiewicz ◽  
Halina Ekiert
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Glycosides ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Verbena officinalis (common vervain) is a medicinal plant species widely distributed in the world and commonly used in folk medicine of different countries, including traditional Chinese medicine. Monographs on “Verbenae herba” have been included in the European Pharmacopoeia since 2008, and in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia since 1995. This work presents botanical characteristics of this species. It reviews the current knowledge of its chemical composition, which is a rich source mostly of iridoids, phenylpropanoid glycosides, phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and essential oil. A large part of this article summarizes traditional medicinal uses and professional pharmacological in vitro and in vivo studies that prove new important applications, e.g., antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective anticancer, analgesic, or anticonvulsant of verbena herb extracts and individual metabolites. Moreover, emphasis is put on the use of V. officinalis in the food and cosmetics industries, especially due to its antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties, and the presence of essential oil with an attractive fragrance composition. This paper also presents the state of biotechnological studies of this species.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of the successive extracts of the aerial parts of Rumex pictus Forssk. growing in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Nagwa Mohamed Ammar ◽  
Lamiaa Taha Abou El-Kassem ◽  
Nahla AbdelHamid Ayoub ◽  
Sherweit Hamed El-Ahmady ◽  
Maysa Elsayed Moharam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Introduction: Rumex spp. have been used in folk medicine either as food or as medicine for the treatment of several diseases including constipation, fever, inflammation, bacterial and fungal infections. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of the successive extracts of the aerial parts of Rumex pictus Forssk. growing in Egypt, and to identify the chemical constituents in the bioactive extract. Methods: Ether, chloroformic, and 70% methanolic extracts of the aerial parts of R. pictus were assayed for their in vivo anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema method. These extracts were also tested for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities using disc diffusion method. Results: The 70% methanolic extract of R. pictus exhibited significant anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-candida activities. Thus, fractionation of the bioactive extract was performed which led to the isolation of three anthraquinones, as well as, seven flavonoids. Conclusion: Rumex pictus possesses anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities which reinforce its use in ethnomedicine.

In vitro antihemolytic effect, in vivo anti inflammatory and In vitro antioxidant activity of Anchusa azurea Mill

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boussoualim Naouel ◽  
Trabsa Hayat ◽  
Krache Imane ◽  
Ouhida Soraya ◽  
Arrar Lekhmissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Background: Anchusa azurea Mill. (AA) is a medicinal plant largely used traditionally in folk medicine in Algeria, it is locally named: hamham. It is effective in the treatment of various diseases. Objectives: The aim of the present study is to determine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-hemolytic effects of phenolic fractions from Anchusa azurea Mill. Methods: In this study, various extracts from Anchusa azurea Mill. (AA) using solvents with increasing polarity were prepared. The quantification of polyphenols and flavonoids was determined. The anti-radical activity of the different extracts was evaluated using DPPH and by measuring the inhibition of the oxidative degradation of β-carotene. The In vitro antihemolytic effect of the plant extracts is determined (CrE, ChE, AcE and AqE). For each extract, four concentrations were tested: 10.59, 21.18, 42.37, 84.74 µg/ml. Vitamin C is used as a standard. Free-radical attack was measured by measuring the HT50 (Half-Hemolysis Time). The anti-inflammatory effect using PMA on mice of the methanolic extract (CrE) was evaluated. Results: The quantification of polyphenols and flavonoids showed that ethyl acetate extract (AcE) contains a higher amount of polyphenols. However, chloroform extract (ChE) presents a higher amount of flavonoids. AcE showed an important scavenging activity using the DPPH radical (IC50= 68.35 µg/ml). The results showed that AcE also exhibited very great inhibition on the oxidation of β-carotene/linoleic acid (84.33%). All extracts increased the HT50 values (Half-Hemolysis Time) in a dose-dependent manner. The three highest concentrations (21.18, 42.37 and 84.74 µg / ml) of ChE caused a very significant delay (p ≤ 0.001) of hemolysis compared to the negative control and the positive control "VIT C". The anti-inflammatory effect using PMA on mice showed that the methanolic extract (CrE) of AA reduced the weight of the ear edema. Conclusions: This plant has a strong pharmacological power, which supports its traditional medicinal use.

scholarly journals Su1819 – New Class of Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutics Based on Gold (III) Complexes in Intestinal Inflammation – Proof of Concept Based on in Vitro and in Vivo Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (6) ◽  
pp. S-623
Author(s):  
Julia B. Krajewska ◽  
Jakub Wlodarczyk ◽  
Przemyslaw Taciak ◽  
Remigiusz Szczepaniak ◽  
Jakub Fichna
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
New Class ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Identification of a New Class of Antifungals Targeting the Synthesis of Fungal Sphingolipids

mBio ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Visesato Mor ◽  
Antonella Rella ◽  
Amir M. Farnoud ◽  
Ashutosh Singh ◽  
Mansa Munshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
New Class ◽  
Narrow Spectrum

ABSTRACT Recent estimates suggest that >300 million people are afflicted by serious fungal infections worldwide. Current antifungal drugs are static and toxic and/or have a narrow spectrum of activity. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of new antifungal drugs. The fungal sphingolipid glucosylceramide (GlcCer) is critical in promoting virulence of a variety of human-pathogenic fungi. In this study, we screened a synthetic drug library for compounds that target the synthesis of fungal, but not mammalian, GlcCer and found two compounds [N′-(3-bromo-4-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-methylbenzohydrazide (BHBM) and its derivative, 3-bromo-N′-(3-bromo-4-hydroxybenzylidene) benzohydrazide (D0)] that were highly effective in vitro and in vivo against several pathogenic fungi. BHBM and D0 were well tolerated in animals and are highly synergistic or additive to current antifungals. BHBM and D0 significantly affected fungal cell morphology and resulted in the accumulation of intracellular vesicles. Deep-sequencing analysis of drug-resistant mutants revealed that four protein products, encoded by genes APL5, COS111, MKK1, and STE2, which are involved in vesicular transport and cell cycle progression, are targeted by BHBM. IMPORTANCE Fungal infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current antifungal drugs suffer from various drawbacks, including toxicity, drug resistance, and narrow spectrum of activity. In this study, we have demonstrated that pharmaceutical inhibition of fungal glucosylceramide presents a new opportunity to treat cryptococcosis and various other fungal infections. In addition to being effective against pathogenic fungi, the compounds discovered in this study were well tolerated by animals and additive to current antifungals. These findings suggest that these drugs might pave the way for the development of a new class of antifungals.

Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Lobelia chinensis In Vitro and In Vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (02) ◽  
pp. 269-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun-Cheng Li ◽  
Yu-Ling Ho ◽  
Guan-Jhong Huang ◽  
Yuan-Shiun Chang
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α

Lobelia chinensis Lour (LcL) is a popular herb that has been widely used as folk medicine in China for the treatment of fever, lung cancer, and inflammation for hundreds of years. Recently, several studies have shown that the anti-inflammatory properties were correlated with the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) from the NF-κB pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of L. chinensis. Both suppressive activities on LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro and the acute rat lung injury model in vivo were studied. The results showed that the methanol extract of LcL and its fractions within the range of 62.5–250 μg/mL did not induce cytotoxicity (p < 0.001). The ethyl acetate fraction of LcL showed better NO inhibition activity than other fractions. On the other hand, the Lc-EA (62.5, 125, 250 mg/kg) pretreated rats showed a decrease in the pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-β, IL-6) and inhibited iNOS, COX-2 expression through the NF-κB pathway. These results suggested that L. chinensis exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect through the NF-κB pathways.

scholarly journals Overview of Phytochemical Compounds and Pharmacological Activities of Ananas Comosus L. Merr

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 4760-4766
Author(s):  
Hartati R ◽  
Suarantika F ◽  
Fidrianny I
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Vitro Analysis

Ananas comosus L. Merr, known as pineapple, belongs to the Bromeliaceae family. This plant has been used as traditional medicine and continues until now in conventional herbal medicine. The pineapple was distributed in some countries such as China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and originated from South America. This article delved the scientific work about Ananas comosus focussing their usage as traditional medicine, chemical compounds and biological activities. All of the pieces of information were obtained from the scientific literature such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus and PubMed. Based on the literature survey,different parts of pineapple (Ananas comosus) are used in traditional medicine, used asan anti-inflammatory agent,anti-oedema, digestive disorder, antimicrobial, vermicide, and purgative. Phytochemical compounds from A. comosus have been provided, including ascorbic acid, quercetin, flavones-3-ol, flavones, and ferulic acid. The crude extracts of A. comosus have many pharmacological activities such as anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial. This discovery becomes possible due to scientific isolation and in vivo or in vitro analysis of A.comosus.

scholarly journals Allamanda cathartica: A Review of the Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Biotechnology

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Petricevich ◽  
Rodolfo Abarca-Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Active Substances

In this work, we explore the current knowledge about the phytochemistry and in vitro and in vivo evaluations of the extracts and, where appropriate, the main active components characterized and isolated from the Allamanda cathartica. Of the 15 Allamanda species, most phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological studies have focused on A. cathartica. These plants are used for the treatment of various health disorders. Numerous phytochemical investigations of plants from the A. cathartica have shown the presence of hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, fatty acids, phospholipids, volatile compounds, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenes, lactones, and carbohydrates. Various studies have confirmed that extracts and active substances isolated from the A. cathartica have multiple pharmacological activities. The species A. cathartica has emerged as a source of traditional medicine used for human health. Further studies on the phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological properties and their mechanisms of action, safety, and efficacy in the species of A. cathartica is recommended.

scholarly journals In vivo anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic activity and in vitro anti-proliferative activity of aqueous methanolic extract of Euphorbia granulata Forssk

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin Ahmad Ghauri ◽  
Liaqat Iqbal ◽  
Ali Raza ◽  
Uzma Hayat ◽  
Naveel Atif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Naturally occurring substances of plant origin have long been used in folk medicine for curing various ailments including fever, pain, and inflammation etc. After careful evaluation on scientific bases, a large number of those substances provides cheaper alternative to currently used synthetic or semi-synthetic agents. Thus, with an aim of discovering alternative medicine for treatment of such ailments, current study was carried out. Euphorbia granulata Forssk. had long been used as a therapeutic agent against various morbid conditions, e.g., anthelmintic, snake bite, scorpion sting, purgative, and diuretic, and as blood purifying agent in folk medicine. The purpose of the current study was to determine the extended therapeutic use of Euphorbia granulata Forssk. based upon scientific evaluation, to explore the potential of its anti-proliferative, analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities while using an aqueous methanol extract of the whole plant. Results In vivo study was performed on female rats of specie Rattus norvegicus weighing (100–150 g). Anti-inflammatory activity of the plant extract was calculated against using carrageenan induced paw edema. Analgesic potential both central and peripheral was assessed by using Eddy’s hot plate method and acetic acid-induced writhing model, respectively. The antipyretic potential was appraised using brewer’s yeast suspension, injected under the nape of the neck, and body temperature was measured using a digital thermometer. The plant extract strengths used for in vivo experiments were 50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 mg/kg (diluted in normal saline) and were administered through intra-peritoneal route. MTT assay was performed to estimate in vitro anti-proliferative potential. For this assay, a serial dilution of the plant extract was used with 100 μg/ml as the highest concentration. In vivo results demonstrated that plant extract at dose strength of 200 mg/kg, showed significant (p* < 0.05) anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities. In case of MTT assay, however, no significant anti-proliferative activity (p > 0.05) was observed up to 100 μg/ml dose strength. Conclusion It can be concluded that aqueous methanol extract of Euphorbia granulata (whole plant) have shown significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-pyretic activity in animal model. Therefore it can be a potential candidate, as a therapeutic alternative against treatment of algesia, pyrexia, and inflammation of various pathological origin. However, the plant extract did not demonstrate any significant anti-proliferation activity at doses used in this study.

Potential Anti-inflammatory Sesquiterpene Lactones from Eupatorium lindleyanum

Planta Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wang ◽  
Huanhuan Zhong ◽  
Shiqi Fang ◽  
Yunfeng Zheng ◽  
Cunyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Eupatorium lindleyanum has traditionally been used as folk medicine in Asian countries for its therapeutic effects on tracheitis and tonsillitis. Investigation of the anti-inflammatory active constituents from E. lindleyanum led to the isolation of two novel sesquiterpene lactones, named eupalinolide L (1) and eupalinolide M (2), and seven known sesquiterpene lactones (3–9). The structures and configurations of the new compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, especially 2D NMR techniques. In vivo experiments showed that the sesquiterpenes fraction significantly reduced mouse ear edema induced by xylene (18.6%, p < 0.05). In in vitro assays, compounds 1–9 showed excellent anti-inflammatory activities, as they lowered TNF-α and IL-6 levels in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells (p < 0.001). The above results suggest that the sesquiterpene lactones from E. lindleyanum can be developed as novel potential natural anti-inflammatory agents.

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