scholarly journals Antiaging Properties of the Ethanol Fractions of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Bud and Leaf at the Cellular Levels: Study in Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Dedy Lesmana ◽  
Dimas Andrianto ◽  
Rika Indri Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Schizosaccharomyces Pombe ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Ethanol Fraction ◽  
Leaf N

The exposure of reactive oxygen species is one of the aging triggers at cellular level. The antioxidants have been used as strategic efforts in overcoming the accumulation of ROS. Previous research using crude extracts of clove bud and leaves showed its potential as an antioxidant agent. However, no data were available regarding the antioxidant and antiaging activities of subsequent fractions of clove extracts. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the antioxidant and antiaging activities of the n-hexane and ethanol fractions from clove bud and leaves. Antioxidant and antiaging activities were tested at the cellular level using the yeast model Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The highest flavonoid content was shown by clove leaf n-hexane fraction (25.6 mgQE.g−1). However, ethanol fraction of clove bud (FEB) showed the highest antioxidant activity based on TBA and antiglycation assays. FEB (8 μg.mL−1) and leaf ethanol fraction (FEL) (10 μg.mL−1) were able to induce yeast tolerance against oxidative stress. In addition, FEB could induce mitochondrial activity and delay the G1 phase of the cell cycle. FEB was found to be rich in gallic acid and (15Z)-9,12,13-trihydroxy-15-octadecenoic. Based on the data, FEB shows the potential antiaging activity, which is promising for further development as biopharmaceutical product formulations.

scholarly journals Natural extract and its fractions isolated from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas flavipulchra STILL-33 have antioxidant and antiaging activities in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Eka Prastya ◽  
Rika Indri Astuti ◽  
Irmanida Batubara ◽  
Hiroshi Takagi ◽  
Aris Tri Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Schizosaccharomyces Pombe ◽  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Age Related

ABSTRACT Investigations into the potential for pharmacological inhibition of the aging process and the onset of age-related disease are increasingly garnering attention. Here, we analyzed the antiaging properties of natural compounds derived from several marine bacteria in vitro and in vivo using the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The Pseudoalteromonas flavipulchra STILL-33 extract exhibited high antioxidant and antiglycation activities in vitro. We then characterized two antioxidant active fractions isolated from this extract. In addition, we showed that the P. flavipulchra STILL-33 extract or either of its two active fractions (Fractions 1 and 2) could extend the longevity of fission yeast. Moreover, the particular extract and two active fractions were found to induce mitochondrial activity and to delay the G1 phase of the fission yeast cell cycle, perhaps by improving the aging process. The P. flavipulchra STILL-33 extract and Fraction 1 also increased the expression of the catalase-encoding ctt1+ gene and thereby decreased the reactive oxygen species level. Structural analysis showed that Fraction 1 was dominated by l-arginine and ipriflavone, and we showed indeed that the two corresponding commercial products increase the fission yeast lifespan. As for Fraction 2 was identified as the putative structure of butamben. Together, these results should facilitate the discovery of additional antiaging compounds from P. flavipulchra and ultimately the development of novel antiaging compounds for pharmaceutical use.

scholarly journals C60 Fullerenes Suppress Reactive Oxygen Species Toxicity Damage in Boar Sperm

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhong Li ◽  
Lirui Wang ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
Jieli Fu ◽  
Linqing Zhen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Energy Deficiency ◽  
Boar Sperm ◽  
Protein Dephosphorylation ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
Semen Extender

AbstractWe report the carboxylated C60 improved the survival and quality of boar sperm during liquid storage at 4 °C and thus propose the use of carboxylated C60 as a novel antioxidant semen extender supplement. Our results demonstrated that the sperm treated with 2 μg mL−1 carboxylated C60 had higher motility than the control group (58.6% and 35.4%, respectively; P ˂ 0.05). Moreover, after incubation with carboxylated C60 for 10 days, acrosome integrity and mitochondrial activity of sperm increased by 18.1% and 34%, respectively, compared with that in the control group. Similarly, the antioxidation abilities and adenosine triphosphate levels in boar sperm treated with carboxylated C60 significantly increased (P ˂ 0.05) compared with those in the control group. The presence of carboxylated C60 in semen extender increases sperm motility probably by suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) toxicity damage. Interestingly, carboxylated C60 could protect boar sperm from oxidative stress and energy deficiency by inhibiting the ROS-induced protein dephosphorylation via the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway. In addition, the safety of carboxylated C60 as an alternative antioxidant was also comprehensively evaluated by assessing the mean litter size and number of live offspring in the carboxylated C60 treatment group. Our findings confirm carboxylated C60 as a novel antioxidant agent and suggest its use as a semen extender supplement for assisted reproductive technology in domestic animals.

scholarly journals MitoQ Is Able to Modulate Apoptosis and Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4753
Author(s):  
Elisa Piscianz ◽  
Alessandra Tesser ◽  
Erika Rimondi ◽  
Elisabetta Melloni ◽  
Claudio Celeghini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Mevalonate Pathway ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli ◽  
Apoptosis And Inflammation ◽  
The Impact

Mitoquinone (MitoQ) is a mitochondrial reactive oxygen species scavenger that is characterized by high bioavailability. Prior studies have demonstrated its neuroprotective potential. Indeed, the release of reactive oxygen species due to damage to mitochondrial components plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. The present study aimed to examine the impact of the inflammation platform activation on the neuronal cell line (DAOY) treated with specific inflammatory stimuli and whether MitoQ addition can modulate these deregulations. DAOY cells were pre-treated with MitoQ and then stimulated by a blockade of the cholesterol pathway, also called mevalonate pathway, using a statin, mimicking cholesterol deregulation, a common parameter present in some neurodegenerative and autoinflammatory diseases. To verify the role played by MitoQ, we examined the expression of genes involved in the inflammation mechanism and the mitochondrial activity at different time points. In this experimental design, MitoQ showed a protective effect against the blockade of the mevalonate pathway in a short period (12 h) but did not persist for a long time (24 and 48 h). The results obtained highlight the anti-inflammatory properties of MitoQ and open the question about its application as an effective adjuvant for the treatment of the autoinflammatory disease characterized by a cholesterol deregulation pathway that involves mitochondrial homeostasis.

scholarly journals Plant Extracts and Reactive Oxygen Species as Two Counteracting Agents with Anti- and Pro-Obesity Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Zielinska-Blizniewska ◽  
Przemyslaw Sitarek ◽  
Anna Merecz-Sadowska ◽  
Katarzyna Malinowska ◽  
Karolina Zajdel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species

Obesity is a complex disease of great public health significance worldwide: It entails several complications including diabetes mellitus type 2, cardiovascular dysfunction and hypertension, and its prevalence is increasing around the world. The pathogenesis of obesity is closely related to reactive oxygen species. The role of reactive oxygen species as regulatory factors in mitochondrial activity in obese subjects, molecules taking part in inflammation processes linked to excessive size and number of adipocytes, and as agents governing the energy balance in hypothalamus neurons has been examined. Phytotherapy is the traditional form of treating health problems using plant-derived medications. Some plant extracts are known to act as anti-obesity agents and have been screened in in vitro models based on the inhibition of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells and activity of pancreatic lipase methods and in in vivo high-fat diet-induced obesity rat/mouse models and human models. Plant products may be a good natural alternative for weight management and a source of numerous biologically-active chemicals, including antioxidant polyphenols that can counteract the oxidative stress associated with obesity. This review presents polyphenols as natural complementary therapy, and a good nutritional strategy, for treating obesity without serious side effects.

scholarly journals The Dual Antimelanogenic and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oil Extracted from the Leaves ofAcorus macrospadiceus(Yamamoto) F. N. Wei et Y. K. Li

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huey-Chun Huang ◽  
Hsiao-Fen Wang ◽  
Kuang-Hway Yih ◽  
Long-Zen Chang ◽  
Tsong-Min Chang
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Tyrosinase Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Melanin Content ◽  
Chelating Activity

The antimelanogenic and antioxidant activities of the essential oil extracted from the leaves ofAcorus macrospadiceus(Yamamoto) F. N. Wei et Y. K. Li have never been explored. The essential oil effectively inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity (EC50= 1.57 mg/mL) and B16F10 tyrosinase activity (IC50= 1.01 mg/mL), decreased the melanin content (EC50= 1.04 mg/mL), and depleted the cellular level of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) (EC50= 1.87 mg/mL). The essential oil effectively scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) (EC50= 0.121 mg/mL) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ABTS+radicals (EC50= 0.122 mg/mL). It also exhibited an apparent reducing power (EC50= 0.021 mg/mL) and metal-ion chelating activity (EC50= 0.029 mg/mL). The chemical constituents of the essential oil are ethers (55.73%), ketones (19.57%), monoterpenes (7.82%), alcohols (3.85%), esters (3.77%), sesquiterpenes (3.72%), and aromatic compounds (2.85%). The results confirm thatA. macrospadiceusessential oil is a natural antioxidant and inhibitor of melanogenesis.

scholarly journals Piceatannol Increases Antioxidant Defense and Reduces Cell Death in Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblast under Oxidative Stress

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Póvoa da Costa ◽  
Bruna Puty ◽  
Lygia S. Nogueira ◽  
Geovanni Pereira Mitre ◽  
Sávio Monteiro dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Cellular Metabolism ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Atp Production

Piceatannol is a resveratrol metabolite that is considered a potent antioxidant and cytoprotector because of its high capacity to chelate/sequester reactive oxygen species. In pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, the imbalance of reactive oxygen species is closely related to the disorder in the cells and may cause changes in cellular metabolism and mitochondrial activity, which is implicated in oxidative stress status or even in cell death. In this way, this study aimed to evaluate piceatannol as cytoprotector in culture of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts through in vitro analyses of cell viability and oxidative stress parameters after oxidative stress induced as an injury simulator. Fibroblasts were seeded and divided into the following study groups: control, vehicle, control piceatannol, H2O2 exposure, and H2O2 exposure combined with the maintenance in piceatannol ranging from 0.1 to 20 μM. The parameters analyzed following exposure were cell viability by trypan blue exclusion test, general metabolism status by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method, mitochondrial activity through the ATP production, total antioxidant capacity, and reduced gluthatione. Piceatannol was shown to be cytoprotective due the maintenance of cell viability between 1 and 10 μM even in the presence of H2O2. In a concentration of 0.1 μM piceatannol decreased significantly cell viability but increased cellular metabolism and antioxidant capacity of the fibroblasts. On the other hand, the fibroblasts treated with piceatannol at 1 μM presented low metabolism and antioxidant capacity. However, piceatannol did not protect cells from mitochondrial damage as measured by ATP production. In summary, piceatannol is a potent antioxidant in low concentrations with cytoprotective capacity, but it does not prevent all damage caused by hydrogen peroxide.

scholarly journals Redox Regulation and Oxidative Stress: The Particular Case of the Stallion Spermatozoa

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando J. Peña ◽  
Cristian O’Flaherty ◽  
José M. Ortiz Rodríguez ◽  
Francisco E. Martín Cano ◽  
Gemma L. Gaitskell-Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Redox Biology ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Redox regulation and oxidative stress have become areas of major interest in spermatology. Alteration of redox homeostasis is recognized as a significant cause of male factor infertility and is behind the damage that spermatozoa experience after freezing and thawing or conservation in a liquid state. While for a long time, oxidative stress was just considered an overproduction of reactive oxygen species, nowadays it is considered as a consequence of redox deregulation. Many essential aspects of spermatozoa functionality are redox regulated, with reversible oxidation of thiols in cysteine residues of key proteins acting as an “on–off” switch controlling sperm function. However, if deregulation occurs, these residues may experience irreversible oxidation and oxidative stress, leading to malfunction and ultimately death of the spermatozoa. Stallion spermatozoa are “professional producers” of reactive oxygen species due to their intense mitochondrial activity, and thus sophisticated systems to control redox homeostasis are also characteristic of the spermatozoa in the horse. As a result, and combined with the fact that embryos can easily be collected in this species, horses are a good model for the study of redox biology in the spermatozoa and its impact on the embryo.

129 EFFECT OF SERUM SUPPLEMENTATION ON AMP-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE (AMPK) ACTIVITY AND LIPID METABOLISM OF IN VITRO-CULTURED BOVINE EMBRYOS

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
S. Prastowo ◽  
F. Rings ◽  
D. S. Wondim ◽  
E. Tholen ◽  
C. Looft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Rna Isolation ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Ampk Activity

A major problem of embryos cultured in vitro with serum is cytoplasmic lipid accumulation resulting in lower cryotolerance compared with those derived from in vivo or in the absence of serum. AMPK is known as a master regulator of lipid, glucose, and protein metabolism in mammalian cells. Moreover, it has been reported as controller of acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACC), the gene responsible for lipid synthesis, and associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and activities in response to oxidative stress. In the present study we aimed to investigate the regulation of AMPK during serum supplementation in vitro. For this, bovine embryos were produced in vitro in SOF media supplemented with oestrous cow serum or fatty acid–free BSA as a system without serum. Triplicate pools (each 10 blastocysts) from each group were used for RNA isolation using Arcturus®PicoPure®RNA Isolation Kit (Life Technologies, USA). Reverse transcription was performed using a combination of Oligo(dT)23 and random primers. Quantification of AMPK catalytic α1 (AMPKA1), ACC, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 α (PGC1A), and sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2 (SREBP2) transcripts were performed using ABI PRISM® 7000 SDS system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) using GAPDH as internal control. Normalized log-transformed transcript amount data were statistically analysed using t-test. In addition, AMPK protein was detected by immunofluorescence, mitochondrial activity by MitoTracker® Red (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), and reactive oxygen species by H2DCFDA molecular probe (Life Technologies, USA), and fluorescent intensity signals were visualised under confocal laser scanning microscopy LSM 710 (Carl Zeiss, Germany). Results showed that the expression of AMPKA1, PGC1A, a mitochondrial biogenesis protein, and SREBP2, a regulator of lipid oxidation, were found to be lower (0.4-, 0.2-, and 0.7-fold, respectively; P < 0.05) in blastocysts derived from cultured with serum compared to without serum. By contrast, ACC was up-regulated in blastocysts cultured with serum by 1.8-fold (P < 0.05) compared to without serum. In comparison to blastocyst cultured without serum, a reduced fluorescent intensity was observed in AMPKA1 protein and mitochondrial activity in blastocyst cultured with serum. The presence of serum was also found to be involved in increasing reactive oxygen species accumulation in embryos cultured with serum. The reduced level of AMPK leads to increased ACC and subsequently enhanced conversion of fatty acids into lipid, which is associated with reduced mitochondrial biogenesis protein, elevated reactive oxygen species level, and reduced lipid oxidation by suppression of SREBP2. In conclusion, the presence of serum in in vitro culture environment affected the AMPK activity and thereby genes associated with lipid metabolism in early bovine embryos.

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