scholarly journals Effect of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage on Bowling-Specific Motor Skills in Male Adolescent Cricketers

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Kenji Doma ◽  
Anthony Leicht ◽  
Carl Woods ◽  
Drew Harrison ◽  
Teneale McGuckin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Ball Speed ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Exercise Induced

The current study examined the acute effects of a bout of resistance training on cricket bowling-specific motor performance. Eight sub-elite, resistance-untrained, adolescent male fast bowlers (age 15 ± 1.7 years; height 1.8 ± 0.1 m; weight 67.9 ± 7.9 kg) completed a bout of upper and lower body resistance exercises. Indirect markers of muscle damage (creatine kinase [CK] and delayed onset of muscle soreness [DOMS]), anaerobic performance (15-m sprint and vertical jump), and cricket-specific motor performance (ball speed, run-up time, and accuracy) were measured prior to and 24 (T24) and 48 (T48) hours following the resistance training bout. The resistance training bout significantly increased CK (~350%; effect size [ES] = 1.89–2.24), DOMS (~240%; ES = 1.46–3.77) and 15-m sprint times (~4.0%; ES = 1.33–1.47), whilst significantly reducing vertical jump height (~7.0%; ES = 0.76–0.96) for up to 48 h. The ball speed (~3.0%; ES = 0.50–0.61) and bowling accuracy (~79%; ES = 0.39–0.70) were significantly reduced, whilst run-up time was significantly increased (~3.5%; ES = 0.36–0.50) for up to 24 h. These findings demonstrate that a bout of resistance training evokes exercise-induced muscle damage amongst sub-elite, adolescent male cricketers, which impairs anaerobic performance and bowling-specific motor performance measures. Cricket coaches should be cautious of incorporating bowling sessions within 24-h following a bout of resistance training for sub-elite adolescent fast bowlers, particularly for those commencing a resistance training program.

scholarly journals Resistance Exercise-Induced Apelin Is Not Modulated by Higher Dietary Protein Density in Overweight Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
Colleen McKenna ◽  
Amadeo Salvador ◽  
Alexander Keeble ◽  
Rafael Alamilla ◽  
Susannah Scaroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Protein Density ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Plasma Apelin

Abstract Objectives Apelin is a putative exercise-sensitive myokine that has been shown to be associated with physical independence during aging. Physical performance is highly dependent on muscle strength, with a clear role of dietary protein (i.e., > Recommended Dietary Allowance) for the maintenance of age-related muscle strength. However, the influence of dietary protein density on exercise-induced apelin remains unknown. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate plasma apelin concentrations and its relationship with muscle strength in middle-aged adults consuming differential amounts of animal-based protein during progressive resistance training. Methods 41 overweight middle-aged adults (50 ± 2 y, BMI 28 ± 1 kg · m−2, M = 19, F = 22) were stratified and randomized to consume either high protein (1.68 ± 0.06 g · kg−1·d−1) or moderate amounts of animal-based protein (1.16 ± 0.04 g · kg−1·d−1) during a 10-week weight-maintenance nutrition counseling-controlled resistance training program. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength was assessed by one-repetition maximum (1RM) and isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) at 60° knee angle. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed at baseline and post-intervention. Results Main effects of time were observed for increases in lean body mass (P = 0.003), upper and lower body 1RM (all P ≤ 0.001), isometric MVC (P = 0.013), and plasma apelin concentrations (P = 0.007). There were no changes in body adiposity or glucose-insulin regulation (e.g., HOMA-IR, Matsuda) with the intervention (all P ≥ 0.152). Apelin was positively and significantly associated with isometric MVC (extension: r = 0.233, P = 0.047; flexion: r = 0.308, P = 0.008), but not 1RM. Conclusions Our results show that resistance training increases circulating apelin concentrations which is related to isometric strength gain. However, higher consumption of animal-based protein foods does not potentiate these resistance-exercise induced adaptations in overweight middle-aged adults. Funding Sources Funded in part by the Beef Checkoff. CFM funded by JBT Fellowship, UIUC.

scholarly journals Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Hypertrophy: A Closer Look Reveals the Jury is Still Out

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad Jon Schoenfeld ◽  
Bret Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Exercise Induced

This letter is a response to the paper by Damas et al (2017) titled, “The development of skeletal muscle hypertrophy through resistance training: the role of muscle damage and muscle protein synthesis,” which, in part, endeavored to review the role of exercise-induced muscle damage on muscle hypertrophy. We feel there are a number of issues in interpretation of research and extrapolation that preclude drawing the inference expressed in the paper that muscle damage neither explains nor potentiates increases in muscle hypertrophy. The intent of our letter is not to suggest that a causal role exists between hypertrophy and microinjury. Rather, we hope to provide balance to the evidence presented and offer the opinion that the jury is still very much out as to providing answers on the topic.

scholarly journals Differences In Male Collegiate And Recreationally Trained Soccer Players On Balance, Agility, And Vertical Jump Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Sauls ◽  
Nicole C. Dabbs
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Vertical Jumping ◽  
Division Ii ◽  
Training Background

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the differences in collegiate and recreationally trained soccer players in sprint, vertical jump, and balance performance. Methods: Twenty-one soccer players, twelve Division II collegiate and nine recreationally trained volunteered to participate. Session one acted as a familiarization day, where the participants were familiarized with testing day protocols. During testing day, participants performed a dynamic warm-up, followed by balance measurements, three countermovement vertical jumps, and pro-agility shuttle test. Results: There were no significant (p>0.05) differences between groups in the all balance variables. Collegiate soccer players had a significantly (p<0.05) greater peak velocity in vertical jump then recreationally trained soccer players. There were significant differences (p<0.05) between groups for maximum for split velocities, where collegiate soccer players were greater than recreationally trained soccer players. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences in groups in all other variables. Conclusion: These results indicate that collegiate, Division II, soccer players had greater vertical jumping and sprinting velocities when compared to recreationally trained soccer players. These results may have been impacted by the lack of resistance training background in either of the two groups. With the addition of more time on a collegiate resistance training program, it is very likely the Division II athletes will see a significant increase in all balance, sprint, and vertical jump performance measures compared to recreationally trained players who receive little to no specialized resistance training. 

scholarly journals ProbioticBacillus coagulansGBI-30, 6086 reduces exercise-induced muscle damage and increases recovery

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Jäger ◽  
Kevin A. Shields ◽  
Ryan P. Lowery ◽  
Eduardo O. De Souza ◽  
Jeremy M. Partl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Exercise Induced

Objective.Probiotics have been reported to support healthy digestive and immune function, aid in protein absorption, and decrease inflammation. Further, a trend to increase vertical jump power has been observed following co-administration of protein and probiotics in resistance-trained subjects. However, to date the potential beneficial effect of probiotics on recovery from high intensity resistance exercise have yet to be explored. Therefore, this study examined the effect of co-administration of protein and probiotics on muscle damage, recovery and performance following a damaging exercise bout.Design.Twenty nine (n= 29) recreationally-trained males (mean ± SD; 21.5 ± 2.8 years; 89.7 ± 28.2 kg; 177.4 ± 8.0 cm) were assigned to consume either 20 g of casein (PRO) or 20 g of casein plus probiotic (1 billion CFUBacillus coagulansGBI-30, 6086, PROBC) in a crossover, diet-controlled design. After two weeks of supplementation, perceptional measures, athletic performance, and muscle damage were analyzed following a damaging exercise bout.Results.The damaging exercise bout significantly increased muscle soreness, and reduced perceived recovery; however, PROBC significantly increased recovery at 24 and 72 h, and decreased soreness at 72 h post exercise in comparison to PRO. Perceptual measures were confirmed by increases in CK (PRO: +266.8%,p= 0.0002; PROBC: +137.7%,p= 0.01), with PROBC showing a trend towards reduced muscle damage (p= 0.08). The muscle-damaging exercise resulted in significantly increased muscle swelling and Blood Urea Nitrogen levels in both conditions with no difference between groups. The strenuous exercise significantly reduced athletic performance in PRO (Wingate Peak Power; PRO: (−39.8 watts, −5.3%,p= 0.03)), whereas PROBC maintained performance (+10.1 watts, +1.7%).Conclusions.The results provide evidence that probiotic supplementation in combination with protein tended to reduce indices of muscle damage, improves recovery, and maintains physical performance subsequent to damaging exercise.

Aging and Recovery After Resistance-Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage: Current Evidence and Implications for Future Research

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
John F.T. Fernandes ◽  
Kevin L. Lamb ◽  
Jonathan P. Norris ◽  
Jason Moran ◽  
Benjamin Drury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Aging Muscle ◽  
Older Populations

Aging is anecdotally associated with a prolonged recovery from resistance training, though current literature remains equivocal. This brief review considers the effects of resistance training on indirect markers of muscle damage and recovery (i.e., muscle soreness, blood markers, and muscle strength) in older males. With no date restrictions, four databases were searched for articles relating to aging, muscle damage, and recovery. Data from 11 studies were extracted for review. Of these, four reported worse symptoms in older compared with younger populations, while two have observed the opposite, and the remaining studies (n = 6) proposed no differences between age groups. It appears that resistance training can be practiced in older populations without concern for impaired recovery. To improve current knowledge, researchers are urged to utilize more ecologically valid muscle-damaging bouts and investigate the mechanisms which underpin the recovery of muscle soreness and strength after exercise in older populations.

scholarly journals Effect of the Combination of Creatine Monohydrate Plus HMB Supplementation on Sports Performance, Body Composition, Markers of Muscle Damage and Hormone Status: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julen Fernández-Landa ◽  
Julio Calleja-González ◽  
Patxi León-Guereño ◽  
Alberto Caballero-García ◽  
Alfredo Córdova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Hormone Status ◽  
Exercise Induced

Although there are many studies showing the isolated effect of creatine monohydrate (CrM) and β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB), it is not clear what effect they have when they are combined. The main purpose of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy of mixing CrM plus HMB in comparison with their isolated effects on sports performance, body composition, exercise induced markers of muscle damage, and anabolic-catabolic hormones. This systematic review was carried out in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement guidelines and the PICOS model, for the definition of the inclusion criteria. Studies were found by searching PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science (WOS), and Scopus electronic databases from inception to July 3rd 2019. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed by two authors independently, and disagreements were resolved by third-party evaluation, in accordance with the Cochrane Collaboration Guidelines samples. The literature was examined regarding the effects of the combination of CrM plus HMB on sport performance using several outcome variables (athletic performance, body composition, markers of muscle damage, and hormone status). This systematic review included six articles that investigated the effects of CrM plus HMB on sport performance (two on strength performance, showing improvements in one of them; three on anaerobic performance, presenting enhancements in two of them; and one on aerobic performance, not presenting improvements), body composition (three on body mass, showing improvements in one of them; two on fat free mass, presenting increases in one of them; and two on fat mass, showing decreases in one of them) and markers of muscle damage and hormone status (four on markers of muscle damage and one on anabolic-catabolic hormones, not showing benefits in any of them). In summary, the combination of 3–10 g/day of CrM plus 3 g/day of HMB for 1–6 weeks could produce potential positive effects on sport performance (strength and anaerobic performance) and for 4 weeks on body composition (increasing fat free mass and decreasing fat mass). However, this combination seems to not show positive effects relating to markers of exercise-induced muscle damage and anabolic-catabolic hormones.

scholarly journals Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Recovery in Young and Middle-Aged Males with Different Resistance Training Experience

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Fernandes ◽  
Kevin Lamb ◽  
Craig Twist
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Voluntary Activation ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study compared the time course of recovery after a squatting exercise in trained young (YG; n = 9; age 22.3 ± 1.7 years) and trained (MT; n = 9; 39.9 ± 6.2 years) and untrained (MU; n = 9; age 44.4 ± 6.3 years) middle-aged males. Before and at 24 and 72 h after 10 × 10 squats at 60% one-repetition maximum (1RM), participants provided measurements of perceived muscle soreness (VAS), creatine kinase (CK), maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), voluntary activation (VA), and resting doublet force of the knee extensors and squatting peak power at 20% and 80% 1RM. When compared to the YG males, the MT experienced likely and very likely moderate decrements in MVC, resting doublet force, and peak power at 20% and 80% 1RM accompanied by unclear differences in VAS, CK, and VA after the squatting exercise. MU males, compared to MT, experienced greater alterations in peak power at 20% and 80% 1RM and VAS. Alterations in CK, MVC, VA, and resting doublet force were unclear at all time-points between the middle-aged groups. Middle-aged males experienced greater symptoms of muscle damage and an impaired recovery profile than young resistance trained males. Moreover, regardless of resistance training experience, middle-aged males are subject to similar symptoms after muscle-damaging lower-body exercise.

Early Muscular Fitness Adaptations in Children in Response to Two Different Resistance Training Regimens

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avery D. Faigenbaum ◽  
Laurie Milliken ◽  
Lucas Moulton ◽  
Wayne L. Westcott
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Muscular Fitness ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Group 1

The purpose of this study was to compare early muscular fitness adaptations in children in response to low repetition maximum (LRM) and high repetition maximum (HRM) resistance training. Twenty-three girls and 20 boys between the ages of 8.0 and 12.3 years (mean age 10.6 ± 1.3 years) volunteered to participate in this study. Children performed one set of 6 to 10 RM (n = 12) or one set of 15 to 20 RM (n = 19) on child-size exercise machines twice weekly over 8 weeks. Children in the control group (n = 12) did not resistance train. Maximum strength (1 RM) on the chest press, local muscular endurance (15 RM) on the leg press, long jump, vertical jump, and v-sit flexibility were assessed at baseline and posttraining. The LRM and HRM groups made significantly greater gains in 1-RM strength (21% and 23%, respectively) as compared with the control group (1%). Only the HRM group made significantly greater gains in 15-RM local muscular endurance (42%) and flexibility (15%) than that recorded in the control group (4% and 5%, respectively). If children perform one set per exercise as part of an introductory resistance training program, these findings favor the prescription of a higher RM training range.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document