scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Indoor Thermo-Hygrometric Conditionsof the Mongolian Yurt

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Xu ◽  
Hong Jin ◽  
and Jian Kang
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Wooden Frame ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Main Factor

The Mongolian yurt is a circular dwelling with a wooden frame enclosed by a lightweight felt envelope. In this study, field experiments were conducted to understand the patterns of temperature changes of the yurt’s indoor thermal environment. The study found that the felt’s low thermal inertia affected the indoor temperature stability, resulting in a large difference between day and night temperatures inside the yurt. The felts adjusted the indoor humidity in the case of large outdoor humidity fluctuations, but when the outdoor humidity was very low, the indoor air was drier. Indoor temperatures were generally lower in the centre and higher in the surrounding peripheral areas, and the main influencing factors included felt seams, gaps between the door and Khana, the ground, and solar radiation. The main factor influencing the temperature of the felt wall’s inner surface was solar radiation. The effects on temperature and humidity when opening the component felt pieces were obvious: humidity adjustment was best with the top felt piece opened; indoor temperature adjustment was best with the gaps between the floor and felt wall pieces closed; and the door curtain was most effective for insulation when the outdoor temperature was low.

Analysis and Test on Indoor Thermal Environment of Tibetan-Style Dwellings of Different Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 1632-1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Rammed Earth ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Earth Walls

Field tests for indoor thermal environment of Tibetan-style dwellings of different materials in Shangri-La in winter were carried out from the perspective of physical environment of buildings, and more specifically, the indoor temperature of Tibetan-style dwellings with rammed earth walls and brick walls as well as the surface temperature of building envelope were tested and comparatively analyzed. The test results show the current situations and features of indoor temperature changes of Tibetan-style dwellings of different materials, which may provide a basis for improving the thermal environment of Tibetan-style dwellings.

Experimental Study on Solar Energy Added Kang Heating System

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Run Ping Niu ◽  
Qi Zhen Chen ◽  
Zhen Li
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Capillary Network ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Difference ◽  
At Will

In this paper, the author use solar energy with capillary network systems as the added heating measure of kang . The influence of the system on the surface temperature of Kang and the indoor temperature was researched by experiment. The tested data shows that the average temperature of the head、medium and tail of traditional Kang in a normal room are 65.7°C、43.28°C and 39.82°C. The difference of temperature on Kang surface is higher than 20°C. The average temperatures of the head、middle and tail of the Kang using this system are 51.34°C、38.26°C and 33.79°C. Comparing the two groups of data, we can get the conclusion that the distribution of temperature in the new system Kang is more balance than traditional Kang, which improves the surface comfort of Kang. The average indoor temperature with solar energy auxiliary Kang is 18.5 °C, which is 6.3°C higher than ordinary room. Due to the small thermal inertia of capillary network, the indoor temperature rises quickly when the system is running. It can make quality improvement of indoor thermal environment realtime at will, which greatly improves the thermal comfort of the Kang surface and indoor temperature.

Analysis and Test on Indoor Thermal Environment of Timber Dwellings in Shangri-La

2013 ◽  
Vol 651 ◽  
pp. 466-469
Author(s):  
Li Ping Li ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Shuai Fan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment

Field tests for indoor thermal environment of Tibetan-style timber dwellings in Shangri-La were carried out， from the perspective of physical environment of buildings, and more specifically, the indoor temperature of Tibetan-style timber dwellings as well as the surface temperature of building envelope were tested and comparatively analyzed. The test results show the current situations and features of indoor temperature changes of Tibetan-style timber dwellings, which may provide a basis for improving the thermal environment of Tibetan-style dwellings.

Research on Environment of Dwellings with Rammed Earth Walls in Deqin Area in Yunnan Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 424-425 ◽  
pp. 957-961
Author(s):  
Li Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Rammed Earth ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Rammed Earth Wall ◽  
Earth Walls ◽  
Insulation Performance

Based on the field testing and analysis of the Tibetan dwelling in Deqin area , and more specifically, the indoor temperature of Tibetan-style dwellings with rammed earth walls as well as the surface temperature of building envelope were tested and comparatively analyzed. The test results show the current situations and features of indoor temperature changes of Tibetan-style dwellings of earth materials, the heat-insulation performance and heat stability of rammed earth wall, which may provide a basis for improving the thermal environment of Tibetan-style dwellings.

Optimal Design of the External Respiration Double Skin Facade

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Shi Feng ◽  
Wang Wei
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Cfd Method

An optimal design is taken on the external respiration double skin facade (DSF) of a office building in Wuhan. The indoor thermal environment of the office units in the building have been simulated by taken computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, and then the paper analyzes the indoor temperature changes under the condition that the internal airflow status of the DSF for natural ventilation, without shade, vents closed and other cases, discusses the influences of different inner glazed skin’s thermal properties, DSF for active ventilation and different wind speed on indoor thermal environment, according to the simulation results we obtain parameters of relevant optimal design.

Research on Dwellings with Renewable Materials under Different Geographical Conditions and Climate

2012 ◽  
Vol 450-451 ◽  
pp. 969-973
Author(s):  
Li Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Renewable Material

Field tests for indoor thermal environment of dwellings of different renewable materials under different geographical climate conditions were carried out, and more specifically, the indoor temperature of dwellings with different renewable material walls as well as the surface temperature of building envelope were tested and comparatively analyzed. The test results show the current situations and features of indoor temperature changes of the dwellings of different materials, which may provide a basis for improving the thermal environment of dwellings.

Contrasting yield formation characteristics in two super-rice hybrids that differ in growth duration

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Min Huang ◽  
Zui Tao ◽  
Tao Lei ◽  
Fangbo Cao ◽  
Jiana Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Rice Hybrid ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Formation

Summary The development of high-yielding, short-duration super-rice hybrids is important for ensuring food security in China where multiple cropping is widely practiced and large-scale farming has gradually emerged. In this study, field experiments were conducted over 3 years to identify the yield formation characteristics in the shorter-duration (∼120 days) super-rice hybrid ‘Guiliangyou 2’ (G2) by comparing it with the longer-duration (∼130 days) super-rice hybrid ‘Y-liangyou 1’ (Y1). The results showed that G2 had a shorter pre-heading growth duration and consequently a shorter total growth duration compared to Y1. Compared to Y1, G2 had lower total biomass production that resulted from lower daily solar radiation, apparent radiation use efficiency (RUE), crop growth rate (CGR), and biomass production during the pre-heading period, but the grain yield was not significantly lower than that of Y1 because it was compensated for by the higher harvest index that resulted from slower leaf senescence (i.e., slower decline in leaf area index during the post-heading period) and higher RUE, CGR, and biomass production during the post-heading period. Our findings suggest that it is feasible to reduce the dependence of yield formation on growth duration to a certain extent in rice by increasing the use efficiency of solar radiation through crop improvement and also highlight the need for a greater fundamental understanding of the physiological processes involved in the higher use efficiency of solar radiation in super-rice hybrids.

scholarly journals A study of improving thermal environment of external louver through establishment of test bed

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.3) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Sun Pil Kwon ◽  
Jae Jun Jung ◽  
Byoung Jo Jung
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Effect ◽  
Thermal Load ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Direct Solar Radiation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Solar Insolation ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference

Background/Objectives: To improve a thermal load by increasing internal thermal effect of a building from direct solar radiation through an increase of glass windows.Methods/Statistical analysis: Through the establishment of test beds of the same size, the data of temperature, humidity, solar insolation and PMV of each test bed with or without external louver are acquired to analyze thermal environmental with the simulation.Findings: For the analysis of thermal environment, the amount of energy consumption has been analyzed through the simulation and the data of temperature, humidity, solar insolation and PMV have been acquired for the analysis. With the simulation, about 20% energy saving has been confirmed and the daily averages of temperature and humidity between 8AM to 7PM have been calculated to calculate the maximum temperature difference to be 9.4℃. The solar insolation between 9AM and 7PM was 300W/m2 or below.Improvements/Applications: The improvement of thermal effect with an external louver has been confirmed. It may be applied to the louver system to improve building thermal environment, awning to control direct solar radiation, blind to improve uniformity of illumination intensity toward building during daytime, external blind and ceiling louver system. 

scholarly journals Solar Radiation Effects on Dry Matter Accumulations and Transfer in Maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunshan Yang ◽  
Xiaoxia Guo ◽  
Guangzhou Liu ◽  
Wanmao Liu ◽  
Jun Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Weak Light

Solar radiation is the energy source for crop growth, as well as for the processes of accumulation, distribution, and transfer of photosynthetic products that determine maize yield. Therefore, learning the effects of different solar radiation amounts on maize growth is especially important. The present study focused on the quantitative relationships between solar radiation amounts and dry matter accumulations and transfers in maize. Over two continuous years (2017 and 2018) of field experiments, maize hybrids XY335 and ZD958 were grown at densities of 4.5 × 104 (D1), 7.5 × 104 (D2), 9 × 104 (D3), 10.5 × 104 (D4), and 12 × 104 (D5) plants/ha at Qitai Farm (89°34′E, 44°12′N), Xinjiang, China. Shading levels were 15% (S1), 30% (S2), and 50% (S3) of natural light and no shading (CK). The results showed that the yields of the commonly planted cultivars XY335 and ZD958 at S1, S2, and S3 (increasing shade treatments) were 7.3, 21.2, and 57.6% and 11.7, 31.0, and 61.8% lower than the control yields, respectively. Also, vegetative organ dry matter translocation (DMT) and its contribution to grain increased as shading levels increased under different densities. The dry matter assimilation amount after silking (AADMAS) increased as solar radiation and planting density increased. When solar radiation was <580.9 and 663.6 MJ/m2, for XY335 and ZD958, respectively, the increase in the AADMAS was primarily related to solar radiation amounts; and when solar radiation was higher than those amounts for those hybrids, an increase in the AADMAS was primarily related to planting density. Photosynthate accumulation is a key determinant of maize yield, and the contributions of the vegetative organs to the grain did not compensate for the reduced yield caused by insufficient light. Between the two cultivars, XY335 showed a better resistance to weak light than ZD958 did. To help guarantee a high maize yield under weak light conditions, it is imperative to select cultivars that have great stay-green and photosynthetic efficiency characteristics.

scholarly journals Application of thermal comfort assessment models to indoor areas near glazed walls – experimental evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-127
Author(s):  
António Manuel Figueiredo Freitas Oliveira ◽  
◽  
Helena Corvacho ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Indoor Space ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Indoor Spaces

In this paper, some of the results of an experimental study are presented. Its purpose was to better understand the impact of glazing on thermal comfort of users of indoor spaces (living and working), especially in the areas near glazed walls. Glazed elements, such as windows and glazed doors, allow visual access to the outdoor environment and the entrance of natural light and solar heat gains but they are often the cause of unwanted heat losses and gains and are disturbing elements in obtaining thermal comfort, both in global terms and in what concerns local discomfort due to radiant asymmetries and/or air draughts. Furthermore, solar radiation directly affecting users in the vicinity of glazing can also cause discomfort. These disturbances are recognized by users, both on cold winter days and on hot summer days. To assess thermal comfort or thermal neutrality of a person in a particular indoor space, it is important to know their location within that space. Thus, in order to adequately assess thermal comfort in the areas near the glazing, the indoor thermal environment must be characterized for this specific location. In this study, two indoor spaces (a classroom and an office-room) of a school building were monitored at different periods of the year. The measurements of the environmental parameters were performed both in the center of the rooms and in the areas near the glazing. Five models of thermal comfort assessment were then applied to the results, in order to compare the comfort conditions between the two studied locations and to evaluate the applicability of these models to the areas close to glazed walls. It was observed there was clearly a greater variability of comfort conditions in the vicinity of the glazed walls when compared to the center of the rooms. The application of thermal comfort assessment models to the two studied rooms was able to reveal the differences between the two compared locations within each space. It was also possible to show the effect of incoming solar radiation and the influence of the geometry of the spaces and of the ratio between glazed area and floor area by comparing the results for both spaces. The assessment model proposed by LNEC (Portuguese National Laboratory of Civil Engineering) proved to be the most adapted to Portuguese users’ habits.

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