scholarly journals Price Elasticity of Production Factors in Beijing’s Picking Gardens

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Du ◽  
Qianqian Shao ◽  
Ruifa Hu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Translog Cost Function ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Substitution Elasticity

Picking agriculture is a form of leisure agriculture based on the concept of traditional garden. Due to their unique layout and construction style, picking gardens have different attractive elements, including sightseeing, leisure, entertainment, crop production, and crop picking. However, despite its increasing importance, there is no systematic research on price elasticity or price substitution elasticity of production factors in picking gardens. To fill this gap, we surveyed 308 farmers in five districts of Beijing and employed a translog cost function to compare the impact of operation patterns on peach and cherry production cost by estimating elasticities of substitution between and among inputs. We found that own-price elasticity of all input factors was negative, while substitution relationships existed between labor and land, labor and fertilizer, fertilizer and manure, and manure and pesticide. This indicates that Beijing’s agricultural sector is labor intensive, while fertilizer and pesticide are scarcely used.

A Macroeconomic Analysis of Agricultural Sector in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Isah Funtua Abubakar ◽  
Umar Bambale Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
The Impact

This paper attempts to study the Nigerian agriculture industry as a panacea to growth as well as an anchor to the diversification agenda of the present government. To do this, the time series data of the four agriculture subsectors of crop production, livestock, forestry and fishery were analysed as stimulus to the Real GDP from 1981-2016 in order to explicate the individual contributions of the subsectors to the RGDP in order to guide the policy thrust on diversification. Using the Johansen approach to cointegration, all the variables were found to be cointegrated. With the exception of the forestry subsector, all the three subsectors were seen to have impacted on the real GDP at varying degrees during the time under review. The crop production subsector has the highest impact, however, taking size-by-size analysis, the livestock subsector could be of much importance due to its ability to retain its value chain and high investment returns particularly in poultry. Therefore, it is recommended that, the government should intensify efforts to retain the value chain in the crop production subsector, in order to harness its potentials optimally through the encouragement of the establishment of agriculture cottage industries. Secondly, the livestock subsector is found to be the most rapidly growing and commercialized subsector. Therefore, it should be the prime subsector to hinge the diversification agenda naturally. Lastly, the tourism industry which is a source through which the impact of the subsector is channeled to the GDP should be developed, in order to improve the impact of such channel to GDP with the sole objective to resuscitate the forestry subsector.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Scarcity in Selected Countries of the Middle East

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Procházka ◽  
Vladimír Hönig ◽  
Mansoor Maitah ◽  
Ivana Pljučarská ◽  
Jakub Kleindienst
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
High Water ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
The Impact

The primary goal of this article is to evaluate water scarcity in selected countries of the Middle-East and assess the impact on agricultural production. To begin with, the Weighted Anomaly Standardized Precipitation (WASP) Index from 1979 to 2017 was spatially computed for Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia. In order to demonstrate the effect of reduced levels of water, the water shortage situation in cities with the population higher than one million was examined. This was accomplished by utilizing the Composite Index approach to make water related statistics more intelligible. A projection for the years of 2020 to 2030 was created in order to demonstrate possible changes in the supply and demand for water in selected countries of the Middle-East. In regards to evaluating the economic effects of water shortages on agricultural sector, effects of lower precipitation on agricultural production in Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia were estimated. With ever-increasing urbanization, all countries are currently experiencing a moderate to high water risk. Our research points to excessively high water stress for most analyzed cities through the year 2030. Also, it is demonstrated how much precipitation decreases influence agricultural production in Iran, Iraq and Saudi Arabia. From the analyzed countries, some evidence is found that precipitation negatively influences crop production, primarily for Iran.

The environmental impact of intensive systems of animal production in the lowlands

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Atkinson ◽  
C. A. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Variable Potential

AbstractEnvironmental issues, linked to the production of animals in lowland farming systems, are reviewed, using pigs, poultry and dairy cattle as examples. The principal livestock production factors influencing their environmental impact are identified as the balance between different farm animal types and the husbandry practices used for these species, the variable potential which exists for the recycling of wastes and the modification of inputs to systems, the extent to which animal production can be integrated into more holistic farming systems and the impact of livestock on 'wildlife' (plant and animal) biodiversity. The production of large quantities of nitrogenous waste, resulting from the importation of large quantities of nitrogen to intensive animal production units, is identified as the major environmental problem for lowland animal production. The development of-systems which allow these waste products to be re-used at sites of primary crop production is seen as a sustainable solution to this problem.

scholarly journals An economic impact analysis of market and policy changes in a New Brunswick Fundy Model Forest community

2003 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 957-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van A Lantz ◽  
Yigezu A Yigezu
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Cost Function ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Forest Sector ◽  
Translog Cost Function ◽  
Timber Supply ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Translog Cost

A two-sector computable general equilibrium model is calibrated to the New Brunswick community of Petitcodiac using translog cost function regression analysis, and a questionnaire. Simulations are conducted for marginal reductions in both the price of lumber and the timber supply. We observe that both reductions have negative impacts on output and most production factors in the forest sector. Other production sectors tend to expand as production factors flow to where they receive their highest return. Results of this study indicate that the New Brunswick community is more (less) significantly impacted from timber supply (forest price) changes than a comparative study reports for a region in Alberta. Key words: CGE model, translog cost function, timber supply, lumber prices, regional economics, community impact

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Cost Structure of Food Industries in Pakistan: An Application of the Translog Cost Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Sajid Hussain ◽  
Uzma Nisar ◽  
Waseem Akram
Keyword(s):  
Cost Function ◽  
Price Elasticity ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Elasticity Of Substitution ◽  
Translog Cost Function ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Output Elasticity ◽  
Cross Price Elasticity ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Factor Inputs

Given the importance of food industriesin Pakistan, this studyanalyzestheircost structure by estimating thetranscendental logarithmic cost function. The study also considers elasticity of substitution along with own-price elasticity and cross-price elasticity. Four factor inputs,i.e.,labor, capital, energy,and materials,are used toestimatethe cost function. The results indicate that materialsaccount for the highest share of the cost. The elasticity of substitution of materialsfor capital and energy is also weak. The own-price elasticities indicate that the demand for materialsis least responsive to a change in its own price while the demand for other inputs varies with price. The cross-priceelasticities show that labor, capital and energy are substitutes foreach other. The output elasticity of cost demonstrates the presence of economies of scale.

scholarly journals Accession impact and outlook for Croatian and EU crop and livestock markets

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. e0103
Author(s):  
David Kranjac ◽  
Krunoslav Zmaic ◽  
Ivo Grgic ◽  
Petra Salamon ◽  
Emil Erjavec
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Aim of study: To investigate the impact of Croatia’s accession to the EU on its agricultural sector, its market outlook and the EU’s key agricultural products up to 2030.Area of study: Croatia and European Union member statesMaterial and methods: Comparative approach was used in order to identify similarities of the changes that took place when other Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC) acceded to the EU (results of previously conducted research) with the changes that happened in Croatia (historical data between 2010 and 2016). The second approach involved the AGMEMOD partial equilibrium model, which has been used as a comprehensive tool to model the complex outlook of Croatian agricultural markets. The results of the Croatian outlook were compared to the EU’s AGMEMOD outlook results in order to identify future trends in key agricultural market development (production, yield and net trade) and whether these newly established trends were comparable with EU trends.Main results: The changes that took place in the Croatian agricultural sector during and after the EU accession period are not significantly different from the trends and changes observed in other Central and Eastern EU member states. Similarities can especially be found in neighbouring CEEC countries (Hungary and Slovenia), which kept their producer prices close to EU levels prior to accession. Furthermore, the results indicate a similarity with CEEC trends in terms of the strengthening of crop production compared to livestock.Research highlights: Positive effects of EU integration on the Croatian agricultural sector took place after a few years of adjustment. Simulations of future market developments indicate many similarities between Croatia and EU 13 member states.

scholarly journals STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCE POTENTIAL AS A MEASURE TO INCREASE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE ENTERPRISE IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (39) ◽  
pp. 276-283
Author(s):  
О. Ulyanchenko ◽  
L. Vasyurenko ◽  
A. Litvinov ◽  
K. Utenkova ◽  
Yu. Filimonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
System Development ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Systemic Development ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The systemic development of the agrarian sector of the regional economy is balanced (i.e., corresponding to the ideas about the optimal structure and proportionality of the agrarian subsystem of the regional socio-economic system) development of the subjects. The systemic development of the agrarian sector of the regional economy needs strategic management, which must meet the requirements of the following basic principles: complexity; parity of group, intragroup and regional interests; consistency; purposefulness; efficiency; optimality. Strategic guidelines for systemic development and management of the agricultural sector of the region's economy must be justified taking into account the impact of the level of resource potential usage, namely fixed capital by agricultural enterprises. It is proposed to evaluate and present in the form of a model the impact of changes in the multitude of selected factors in the set of indicators of efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises with the help of correlation-regression analysis. It is noted that the cost accumulation of fixed capital is inappropriate without assessing and reviewing the quality, quantity and need for available capital in the agricultural sector. The need to attract additional funds for the formation of fixed capital and the impact of the value of available fixed capital on performance indicators in terms of major agricultural sectors have been justified, namely: separately in crop production, mixed specialization and livestock. Sustainable balanced development of the region is a development aimed at achieving the goals of the subjects of the regional economy on parity basis and ensuring their stable functioning in the long term on the basis of continuous innovation improvement, while maintaining and improving the economic, social and environmental situation Keywords: management; strategy; resource potential; agricultural sector; market; competitiveness; livestock; crop growing. JEL Classification M21, Q13 Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 4; bibl.: 10.

scholarly journals Management of Crop Residues for Improving Input Use Efficiency and Agricultural Sustainability

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9808
Author(s):  
Sukamal Sarkar ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
Saikat Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Crop Residue Management ◽  
Input Use ◽  
The Impact

Crop residues, the byproduct of crop production, are valuable natural resources that can be managed to maximize different input use efficiencies. Crop residue management is a well-known and widely accepted practice, and is a key component of conservation agriculture. The rapid shift from conventional agriculture to input-intensive modern agricultural practices often leads to an increase in the production of crop residues. Growing more food for an ever-increasing population brings the chance of fast residue generation. Ecosystem services from crop residues improve soil health status and supplement necessary elements in plants. However, this is just one side of the shield. Indecorous crop residue management, including in-situ residue burning, often causes serious environmental hazards. This happens to be one of the most serious environmental hazard issues witnessed by the agricultural sector. Moreover, improper management of these residues often restrains them from imparting their beneficial effects. In this paper, we have reviewed all recent findings to understand and summarize the different aspects of crop residue management, like the impact of the residues on crop and soil health, natural resource recycling, and strategies related to residue retention in farming systems, which are linked to the environment and ecology. This comprehensive review paper may be helpful for different stakeholders to formulate suitable residue management techniques that will fit well under existing farming system practices without compromising the systems’ productivity and environmental sustainability.

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