scholarly journals A Multidisciplinary Approach to Analyzing Questions of Justice Issues in Urban Greenspace

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Zuniga-Teran ◽  
Andrea Gerlak
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Disciplinary Boundaries ◽  
Urban Greenspace ◽  
White Neighborhoods ◽  
The World ◽  
Funding Mechanisms ◽  
Term Maintenance

Greenspace can alleviate many of the negative effects of urbanization and help enhance human well-being yet, in most cities in the world, greenspace is inequitably distributed. In western societies, wealthy white neighborhoods typically have more access to greenspace, constituting an environmental and social justice issue. Although scholars from multiple disciplines and academic domains study questions of justice in greenspace, the scholarship remains fragmented. The purpose of this qualitative review is to explore the diverse disciplinary approaches to justice in urban greenspace to identify patterns and trends in how justice is conceptualized and realized. We analyze a set of case studies across multiple disciplines using a sample of 21 peer-reviewed articles following the framework set out by Bulkeley and colleagues that conceptualizes justice according to recognition, distribution, procedures, rights, and responsibilities. Our results suggest that the various solutions proposed in the diverse streams of scholarship often call for solutions that transcend individual disciplinary boundaries. This finding supports the need for collaborative and cross-disciplinary work to effectively address injustice in urban greenspace. In an effort to integrate findings, we identify five main objectives that need to be addressed by scholars, built environment practitioners, and policymakers, which include: (1) appropriate funding mechanisms for long-term maintenance; (2) recognition of safety concerns; (3) connectivity of greenspace; (4) multifunctionality in greenspace design; and (5) community engagement.

scholarly journals Coronavirus Pandemic: Coping with the Psychological Outcomes, Mental Changes, and the “New Normal” During and After COVID-19

2020 ◽  
pp. 07-19
Author(s):  
Hiba Takieddine ◽  
Samaa AL Tabbah
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
New Normal ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious disease that has rapidly swept across the world, inducing a considerable degree of fear, worry and concern in the population at large and among certain groups in particular, such as older adults, healthcare providers and people with underlying health conditions. Authorities around the world tried to prevent the virus spread by imposing social distancing measures, quarantining citizens and isolating infected persons. Apart from its physical impact, COVID-19 pandemic has brought numerous changes to people’s lives. It changed daily routines, caused worldwide economic crisis, increased unemployment, and placed people under emotional and financial pressures. It affected people psychologically and mentally especially in terms of emotions and cognition. During the acute crisis, everyone to varying degrees experienced fear of infection, somatic concerns, worries about the pandemic’s consequences, loneliness, depression, stress, as well as increased alcohol and drug use. As part of its public health response, the World Health Organization (WHO) has worked with partners to develop a set of new guidelines and messages that can be used to prevent, manage, and support mental and psychological well-being in different vulnerable target groups during the outbreak. Whether people like it or not, the psychological sequela of this pandemic will emerge and persist for months and years to come leading to long-term consequences. New lifestyles and “New Normals” will surely emerge. The main purpose of this review is to summarize the impact of coronavirus pandemic on the psychological and mental health of people around the world especially vulnerable groups. It also presents the relevant intervention actions and recommendations to cope efficiently and effectively with the psychological short-term and long-term outcomes, mental changes, and the “New Normal” during and after COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19; Coronavirus, Psychological; Mental; New Normal

Future of Work and Its Implication on Employee Well-Being in the 4IR Era

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Ethel N. Abe ◽  
Isaac Idowu Abe ◽  
Olalekan Adisa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Loss ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Swedish Study ◽  
The World

Capitalist corporations seek ever-new opportunities for trade and gain. As competition intensifies within markets, profit-seeking corporations innovate and diversify their products in an unceasing pursuit of new market niches. The incessant changes and unpredictable nature of capitalism often leads to insecurity regarding job loss. Job insecurity has been empirically proven to have negative effects on individuals and organisations. It associates to reduced job satisfaction and decreased mental health. A longitudinal Swedish study showed an indirect effect of trust on job satisfaction and mental health of employees. The advent of AIs, humanoids, robotics, and digitization present reason for employees to worry about the future of their work. A recent study conducted by the McKinsey Global Institute reports that by 2030, a least 14% of employees globally could need changing their careers as a result of the rapid rate of digitization, robotics, and advancement in artificial intelligence disruptions in the world of work.

scholarly journals Nutraceutical Boom in Cancer: Inside the Labyrinth of Reactive Oxygen Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maura Calvani ◽  
Amada Pasha ◽  
Claudio Favre
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cell Growth Arrest ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
The Individual

In recent years, epidemiological studies have shown that food is a very powerful means for maintaining a state of well-being and for health prevention. Many degenerative, autoimmune and neoplastic diseases are related to nutrition and the nutrient–organism interaction could define the balance between health and disease. Nutrients and dietary components influence epigenetic phenomena and modify drugs response; therefore, these food–host interactions can influence the individual predisposition to disease and its potential therapeutic response. Do nutraceuticals have positive or negative effects during chemotherapy? The use of nutraceutical supplements in cancer patients is a controversial debate without a definitive conclusion to date. During cancer treatment, patients take nutraceuticals to alleviate drug toxicity and improve long-term results. Some nutraceuticals may potentiate the effect of cytotoxic chemotherapy by inducing cell growth arrest, cell differentiation, and alteration of the redox state of cells, but in some cases, high levels of them may interfere with the effectiveness of chemotherapy, making cancer cells less reactive to chemotherapy. In this review, we highlighted the emerging opinions and data on the pros and cons on the use of nutraceutical supplements during chemotherapy.

The use of humor in the foreign language classroom: Funny and effective?

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Wagner ◽  
Eduardo Urios-Aparisi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
World Language ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
The World ◽  
World Language Classroom

AbstractThe present paper deals with the role of humor in world language teaching and learning. The goal is to enable educators and researchers to address the phenomenon of humor in the world language classroom in its complexity by suggesting a multidisciplinary approach and by introducing a coding scheme for investigating the use of humor in the world language classroom. Finally, we will introduce an ongoing long-term study planned with the proposed design.

scholarly journals Impact of Workplace Bullying on Psychological Wellbeing of Doctors in Health Care Sector of Karachi

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-443
Author(s):  
Humera Asrar ◽  
Ume Amen ◽  
Ume Sumayya ◽  
Adnan Butt
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Work Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Major Factors

Organizations today are globally facing the dilemma of inappropriate work behaviours, especially bullying, as it has long term negative effects on target employees. Workplace bullying is a major reason for work-related distress and subsequently psychological wellbeing issues for employees. The main objective of this study was to identify the effect of bullying on the psychological well-being of doctors in Karachi, Pakistan. Data from 135 doctors were collected through a structured questionnaire. Results of the study indicated that workplace bullying significantly affects the psychological well-being of employees’ and gender plays moderating effect in the relationship between workplace bullying and the psychological well-being of the doctors. The findings of the study are very important for policymakers and top management of the hospitals, to prevent the healthcare sector from the detrimental impact of this unhealthy practice and to minimize the psychological effect of bullying. This study suggests management should pay attention to designing and executing rules and policies against bullying in order to minimize the adverse results of workplace bullying. Moreover, the findings demonstrated that bullying affects create more devastating effects on female doctors than their male counterparts. Further, it was observed that skills and experience are major factors to obtain positive outcomes of employee psychological wellbeing.

scholarly journals YOUTH EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Oxana Martirosyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
International Labour Organization ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Youth Labor Market ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Mental Well Being

The economic crisis caused by the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to serious long-term consequences for young people around the world, primarily because States have suspended funding for education and a large number of youth projects, and many children and adolescents have not been able to implement their plans for quality education and decent work. The international labour organization conducted a large-scale study on “Youth and COVID-19: impact on jobs, education, rights and mental well-being”, covering 112 countries and 120 thousand respondents. The article presents some results of this study, reflecting the situation in the youth labor market.

Creating Wild Capital from the Ecosystem Services Model

Wild Capital ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 12-37
Author(s):  
Barbara K. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Endangered Species Act ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
A Value

By failing to assign nature value in our current Anthropocene, the opportunity costs of diminishing biodiversity are not recognized in the marketplace, leading to significant negative consequences for both nature and humanity. Polluting water, destroying habitats, or exterminating species should each lessen nature’s value, but if nature has never been assigned a value, that loss is not recognized and development becomes the default. The words “wild capital” remind us that nature should be viewed as an asset like any other, and that in doing so we are better equipped to appreciate its long-term worth. Since the ecosystem services model (ES) ties together the ecological, social, and economic needs of human well-being, it is well situated to assign nature value and from that make a case for nature as natural capital. To assist in policy decisions, ES has offered a path based on the language of economics, making it appealing to economists, while to conservationists, it has turned an argument about the negative effects of development on wildlife into a more fruitful dialogue about how beneficial conservation is for human well-being. ES is also compatible with efforts at sustainability and the goals of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) and 2005 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.

Assessment of potential efficient development of the World ocean ferromanganese nodules in the context of global copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese market evolution

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-25
Author(s):  
Anna Lapteva ◽  
Tatiana Mustafa ◽  
Anastasia Smolnikova ◽  
Aleksandra Chernova
Keyword(s):  
World Ocean ◽  
Ferromanganese Nodule ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Market Evolution ◽  
Copper Nickel ◽  
Nickel Cobalt ◽  
The World ◽  
Metal Market ◽  
Nodule Mining

The paper analyzes implications of ferromanganese nodule mining and copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese production for their land-based producers. Potential scenarios are considered for consumption development, onshore production and long-term development of these metals’ mineral bases through 2035. It is shown that each metal market could be undersupplied over this period; this shortage can be offset by deepsea production. However, conditions and deficit emergence for various metals vary greatly. As a result, coincidence of nodule mining with the earliest deficit signs in the remaining markets will lead to oversupply, which will negatively affect onshore production, new mining and exploration projects; this will also reduce profitability of deepsea mining even making it uneconomic. It is not until 2030 that nodule mining involving copper, nickel, cobalt and manganese production can be implemented with no negative effects for market players.

scholarly journals Pleasure junkies all around! Why it matters and why ‘the arts’ might be the answer: a biopsychological perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1854) ◽  
pp. 20162837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia F. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Choice Behaviour ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

Today's society is pleasure seeking. We expect to obtain pleasurable experiences fast and easily. We are used to hyper-palatable foods and drinks, and we can get pornography, games and gadgets whenever we want them. The problem: with this type of pleasure-maximizing choice behaviour we may be turning ourselves into mindless pleasure junkies, handing over our free will for the next dopamine shoot. Pleasure-only activities are fun. In excess, however, such activities might have negative effects on our biopsychological health: they provoke a change in the neural mechanisms underlying choice behaviour. Choice behaviour becomes biased towards short-term pleasure-maximizing goals, just as in the addicted brain (modulated by the amygdala, posterior ventromedial prefrontal cortex' (VMPFC), striatum, nucleus accumbens; ‘A-system’) and away from long-term prosperity and general well-being maximizing objectives (normally ensured by the insula, anterior VMPFC, hippocampus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC); ‘I-system‘). This paper outlines, first, what ‘pleasure’ is and what ‘pleasure-only’ activities are (e.g. social media engagement, hyper-palatable eating). Second, an account is given of the type of action that might aid to maintain the neural systems underlying choice behaviour balanced. Finally, it is proposed that engagement with the arts might be an activity with the potential to foster healthy choice behaviour—and not be just for pleasure. The evidence in this rather new field of research is still piecemeal and inconclusive. This review aims to motivate targeted research in this domain.

Helping behaviors can negatively impact long-term well-being

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-123
Author(s):  
Clarence W. Von Bergen ◽  
Martin S. Bressler ◽  
Tim Boatmun
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Behaviors ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Pain And Suffering

Purpose Recently, organizational scholars and social scientists began emphasizing the importance of compassion and altruism and called for increased demonstrations of assistance, giving, empathy and other prosocial conduct toward those in need. Generally, we assume that help is beneficial to those who receive it, and current research on these positive behaviors primarily focuses on the advantages to those who provide it. Despite recent calls for increased levels of aiding the needy and underprivileged, helping may have downsides and adaptive costs to those who receive support that are frequently overlooked. The purpose of the study is to bring to light the potential harm in helping those who lack commitment to improvement, having “skin in the game”. Design/methodology/approach In addition to a literature review, the authors present a model to explain how support in response to human pain and suffering can sometimes result in negative effects on aid recipients. The model specifies two mechanisms, including participation of affected beneficiaries of assistance in the actual aid process and duration of help as factors that may expose vulnerable populations to more risk. Findings The literature strongly suggests that in some instances, helping can be detrimental, to the point where helping can even result in dependency. The authors do not suggest casting a blind eye to those in need, but rather to provide assistance that leads to self-sufficiency. Research limitations/implications Additional research – especially over the long-term – can provide researchers with more detailed results of this approach. Practical implications The findings of this paper can serve as a model approach to provide help that does not create dependency. Social implications Using this approach could provide the ideal method to address long-term social issues that would break the cycle of dependency. Originality/value The authors believe that this approach to helping based upon the two-stage model could become the primary effective method for providing assistance to those in need without creating dependency in the long run.

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