SOWING TIME AND SEEDING RATE OPTIMISATION UNDER ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF VIOLA VARIETY WINTER WHEAT CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY

1970 ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
О. V. Lеvakova ◽  
Т. А. Barkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Percolation Processes ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

One of the defining periods in the life of plants is the sowing of winter crops (autumn) period. Only when a good ensure moisture and at an optimal temperature of air in this period it is possible to obtain timely and quality shoots, forming shoots tillering and percolation processes utilization and hardening plants. Given the importance of the foregoing, this paper presents the results of research in the context of the Institute of agricultural technology and seed-the branch winter wheat varieties of locality Viola at different dates of sowing norm and seeding. It is established that the different timing of sowing plant survival ranged -87.5- 57.9%. Significant differences on wintering plants between crops of different sowing dates have been identified. Seeding rate had no significant effect on plant height, ear length and number of grains in an ear. Indicating a high plasticity of winter wheat varieties Viola. The greatest influence on the grain yield had a weight of 1000 grains (r = 0.78) and number of grains per ear (r = 0.63). Our research has shown that for winter wheat varieties of Viola in the midst of the Ryazan region favourable term of sowing is the period from 5 to 10 September with optimum seeding rate 4.5 million. PCs/HA.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SOWING DATES AND SEEDING RATES ON PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Irina Fadeeva ◽  
Marsel Tagirov ◽  
Ilyas Gazizov ◽  
Fail' Kurmakaev
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Factor C ◽  
Sowing Period

In 2018-2019 in the Republic of Tatarstan the studies were carried out to study the effect of sowing dates and seeding rates on productuvuty of new varieties of winter wheat to identify the optimal elements of cultivation technology. The experiment scheme provided for the study of the following options: variety (factor A) - Darina, Universiada, Sultan; sowing time (factor B) - September 1 ... 2 (first, optimal), September 15 ... 17 (second); seeding rate (factor C) - 5.0; 5.5; 6.0; 6.5 million viable seeds per hectare. The predecessor is pure steam. Plot area 25 m2. The formation of the grain yield was mainly influenced by the sowing period (28.6%), the choice of the variety (21.2%) and the interaction of the three factors studied (15.8%). Universiada variety formed a yield of 4.91 t/ha during the first sowing period with a pure fallow and a seeding rate of 5.5 million pcs/ha. Sowing after September 15 resulted in a 33.78% decrease in the productivity of this variety. Darina variety formed the highest stand density among all the studied genotypes, both at the first (551.5 pieces/m2) and at the second (476.0 pieces/ m2) sowing dates. The highest grain yield of this variety was noted with the optimal (first) sowing period for pure fallow and the seeding rate of 6.0 million pcs/ha - 4.70 t/ha. A shift in sowing to a later date reduced its yield by 26.48%. Sultan variety formed the highest grain yield when sowing on September 1 ... 2 on a clean fallow with a seeding rate of 6.0 million pcs/ha. With a delay in sowing, like other varieties, the value of this indicator decreased by 24.65%. The analysis of correlations showed the dependence of the yield at the optimal sowing time in a medium degree on the grain size (r = 0.66), with a late one - on the number of productive stems for harvesting (r = 0.56). Key words: winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), variety, productivity, yield, grain weight, correlation

scholarly journals Impact of cultivation technologies on yield and grain quality of winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. in Moscow region

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Nazih Y. Rebouh ◽  
Petr M. Polityko ◽  
Vladimir N. Kapranov ◽  
Viktor N. Fedorischev ◽  
Nina J. Garmasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Basic Technology ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The current study is aimed at evaluating the reaction of winter wheat varieties according to cultivation technologies at a different level of intensity i.e. basic, intensive and high intensive. The cultivation technologies included fertilizers, pesticides and growth regulators at different combinations and concentrations. The experiment was established in order to determine the optimum conditions of winter wheat cultivation. Three winter wheat varieties were studied: Moskovskaya 40 (V1), Nemchinovskaya 17 (V2) and Nemchinovskaya 85 (V3). Yield performances and grain quality (measured through protein and gluten content) were determined according to the tested cultivation technologies. The results showed that the cultivation technology affected grain wheat productivity and quality on all varieties studied, since the highest yields were obtained using high intensive cultivation technology for all varieties studied, Moskovskaya 40 - 9.65 t/h, Nemchinovskaya 17 - 8.58 t/h and Nemchinovskaya 85 - 9.87 t/h. However, according to the basic technology, the yield was lower by 2064 %. The tested cultivation technologies demonstrated that high intensive cultivation technology increased wheat quality. The highest protein content (18 %) was recorded in Nemchinovskaya 85 variety. The present results give real opportunities for a largescale application of the tested cultivation technologies in different agricultural lands of Russia.

scholarly journals Immunological characteristics of winter wheat varieties to the main pathogens in the right-bank Forest Steppe

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
L. Golosna ◽  
O. G. Afanasieva ◽  
O.V. Shevchuk ◽  
L.O. Kucherova ◽  
I.S. Shvets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Group Resistance ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Aim. To determine the resistance of winter wheat varieties to the main pathogens, to establish their stability and plasticity, to identify perspective sources of resistance. Methods. Laboratory – production of inoculum of pathogens; field – artificial inoculation,, assessment of variety stability; statistical calculation of disease severity, indicators of stability and plasticity. Results. In 2015–2017, the resistance of 43 varieties of winter wheat to the main pathogens of leaf diseases, common bunt and root rots was assessed. Resistance to powdery mildew was found in 32 varieties, tan spot – in 2, root rot – in 3, hard smut – in 2 varieties. Six varieties of winter wheat were characterized by group resistance. Varieties that combine high plasticity and stability of the sign of disease resistance have been identified. Conclusions. Valuable sources of resistance are winter wheat varieties with group resistance to common bunt and powdery mildew – Tradytsiia Odeska and Kurs; powdery mildew and tan spot – Nasnaga and Zolotonozhka; powdery mildew and root rot – Nezabudka and Shchedrist kyivska.Keywords: resistance, winter wheat, diseases, plasticity, stability.

scholarly journals Features of the formation of productivity signs of the yielding capacity in winter wheat varieties under different growing conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
V. V. Bazalii ◽  
I. V. Boichuk ◽  
Ya. O. Lavrynenko ◽  
H. H. Bazalii ◽  
Ye. O. Domaratskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Comparison Research ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Aim. Further improvement and application of modern methods of wheat breeding of different types of development for adaptiveness caused by change in the character of manifestation of limiting environmental factors under conditions of the Southern Ukrainian Steppe. Methods. Field experiment, selection and genetic, calculation and comparison research methods were used. Wheat varieties of different genetic and ecological origin under different growing conditions were examined. Results. Analysis of the parameters of plasticity and stability of the elements of the yield structure in winter wheat varieties under different growing conditions revealed that their variability depends on both genotype and ecological gradients. For instance, by the weight of grain from ears only the varieties Kirena and Yaroslavna were distinguished by a high reaction to changes in growing conditions (bi= 1,215 – 1,635) among the analyzed genotypes, the other varieties Askaniiska, Askaniiska Berehynia, Znakhidka odeska and Klarisa manifested quite high plasticity (bi= 0,454 – 0,816). There was an analogous situation in the formation of the number of grains per ear. It is necessary to highlight an important biological feature of these varieties which formed the highest actual productivity under late sowing conditions and different sowing rates when compared to other varieties and realized its potentialities better. Conclusions.The research determined that every wheat variety of different development types should be considered in the aspect of its reaction to different growing conditions and to the capability of realizing genetic potential in a particular ecological region. The results of estimation of adaptiveness potential determined a high degree of homeostaticity in the winter wheat varieties Askaniiska, Askaniiska Berehynia, Perlyna and the variety of an alternative type Klarisa. Keywords: winter wheat, varieties of alternative types, adaptiveness, plasticity, stability.

scholarly journals Lazurit winter wheat seeding rates in dependence to the predecessors and time of sowing in the Rostov region

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 548-556
Author(s):  
A. S. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Viable Seeds

The study is aimed at determining the optimal seeding rates for durum winter wheat Lazurit variety by various seeding dates that would provide the highest grain yield in the conditions of Rostov region. The research was carried out in 2016-2018 on ordinary chernozem after different predecessors for winter wheat (black fallow and sunflower). Studied were: the seeding rates (3 mln, 4 mln, 5 mln viable seeds per hectare after the black fallow predecessor; 5 mln, 6 mln ,7 mln viable seeds per hectare after the sunflower predecessor), and the sowing date (the 10th,20th,30th of September, the10th of October). It has been established that after the black fallow predecessor the seeding rate for durum winter wheat Lazurit variety can be reduced to 3 million viable seeds/ha on the early sowing date (September,10) and optimal sowing date (September, 20). When sowing at the end of optimal (September, 30) and acceptable (October,10) periods, the sowing rate must be 5 million viable seeds/ha. After the sunflower predecessor, on the early sowing date (September,10) and optimal sowing dates (September, 20 and 30) the sowing rate of 5 million viable seeds/ha should be used. At the end of acceptable periods (October,10) the sowing rate should be increased to 6 million viable seeds/ha. After the black fallow predecessor, the highest yield of durum winter wheat has been formed – from 4.61 to 6.06 t/ha depending on the sowing rate and time of sowing. After the sunflower predecessor the yield level ranged from 3.43 to 4.28 t/ha. The optimal sowing time for durum winter wheat Lazurit variety in the south of Rostov region has been established - from the 10th to the 30th of September. Sowing in this period provided the largest number of productive stems (after the black fallow predecessor – 476-568 pcs/m2, after the sunflower predecessor – 420-512 pcs/m2), the grain mass per ear (1.21-1.36g and 0.91-1.08g), the plant height (95-100 cm and 92-100 cm), the ear length (6 cm and 4-5 cm, respectively).Conflict of interest: the author stated that there was no conflict of interest.

scholarly journals ОЦЕНКА СОРТОВ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ ПО ПРИЗНАКУ «МАССОВАЯ ДОЛЯ БЕЛКА В ЗЕРНЕ»

2021 ◽  
Vol 2(26) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
S.V. Kosenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Penza region is characterized by a diversity of natural and climatic zones and considerable variability of meteorological factors over the years. Therefore, the creation of high-yielding winter soft wheat varieties with high protein content in grain is one of the most significant challenges in this crop breeding. The purposes of this research are twofold: assess the ability of winter wheat varieties to form high-protein grain in various environmental conditions and isolate a valuable source material for breeding. The research objective is to evaluate winter wheat varieties by such indicator as “mass fraction of protein in grain”. The research was carried out from 2008 to 2017 in a forest-steppe zone of the Penza region. The soils of the experimental field – medium-humus medium-thick leached chernozem with the 35–40 cm depth of the plowing horizon. Ninety varieties of winter wheat from the world collection were the material for the research. The forecrop is black fallow. Square of experimental fields is 3 m2, triple replication. Seeding rate – 5.5 million germinating grains/ha. Standard – winter soft wheat variety ‘Fotinya’. Mass fraction of protein in grain in early ripening and mid-early varieties of winter wheat significantly differed from those of the mid-maturing group. Winter wheat varieties from the mid-ripening group were distinguished by a high protein content (on average 15.5 %), high yield (on average 3.8 t/ha), high yield of protein per hectare (on average 0.59 t/ha). According to the level of stress resistance, varieties ‘Fotinya’ and ‘Moskovskaya 39’ stood out (0.7 and 0.6, respectively). The following varieties are characterized by high genetic flexibility (15.3–16.2): ‘Fotinya’ (Penza region), ‘Moskovskaya 39’ (Moscow region), ‘Bezenchukskaya 380’ (Samara region), ‘Badulinka’ (Volgograd region), ‘Ershovskaya 25’ (Saratov region), ‘Zimorodok’, ‘Pobeda 50’ (Krasnodar Territory), ‘Zernogradka 8’, ‘Konkurent’ (Rostov Region). All the aforementioned varieties have less variability of a characteristic over the years (coefficient of variation – 3.2–9.7 %) and are recommended for use as a starting material for creating new forms.

scholarly journals The improvement of the winter wheat cultivation technology in arid conditions of the Povolzhie

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
О. I. Goryanin ◽  
Е. V. Madyakin ◽  
B. Zh. Dzhangabaev ◽  
N. А. Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Winter wheat is currently the main grain field crop in the European part of Russia. However, to increase the cultivation efficiency, it is necessary to improve cultivation technology. The purpose of the work is to identify new promising varieties and improve the winter bread wheat cultivation technology for the arid conditions of the Povolzhie. In 2015–2019 there was conducted an agroecological testing for 17 winter wheat varieties, which were most widespread and had the prospects for their introduction in the Povolzhie. During 2011–2018 there were studied five cultivation technologies (options) of the winter wheat variety ‘Svetoch’ in the six crop rotation sequences. The study has established that when cultivating winter wheat in the blackearth (chernozem) steppe of the Povolzhie, the varieties ‘Marafon’, ‘Novoershovskaya’, ‘Zhemchuzhina Povolzhiya’, ‘Severodonetskaya yubileynaya’ and ‘Svetoch’ were the most promising varieties. Under favorable moisture conditions, it was most profitable to cultivated the varieties ‘Rostovchanka 7’, ‘Izyuminka’, ‘Marafon’, ‘Bazis’, ‘Severodonetskaya yubileynaya’, ‘Skipetr’. When cultivating winter wheat in ‘black’ fallow, it is more rational to use early fallow, which begins to be cultivated in the spring when the soil is physically matured. The early spring additional fertilizing with ammonium nitrate increases winter wheat productivity on 0.28 t/ha (9.3%). In order to obtain the maximum net income (11324.8 rubles/ha) and profitability (115.0%), it is most expedient to use the biological product ‘Bionex Kemi’ (3 l/ha) on commercial wheat crops.

scholarly journals Breeding wheat varieties of different development types adapted to different growing conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
V. V. Bazalii ◽  
I. V. Boichuk ◽  
Yu. O. Lavrynenko ◽  
H. H. Bazalii ◽  
Ye. O. Domaratskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Alternative Type ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Late Sowing

Aim. When forming optimal sowing structure, considering certain conditions of soil and climate zones, a particular region and farm, it is necessary to have a complex of varieties with different levels of plasticity, stability and the length of a growing season, the duration of a vernalization stage and photoperiodic sensitivity. Methods. The research was conducted according to the methods of field experiments. The winter wheat varieties included and the wheat varieties of an alternative type of different genetic and ecological origin were used in the research. Results. The purposeful inclusion of the wheat varieties Znakhidka odeska, Khersonska unbearded, the variety of an alternative type Nevesinjka 471, NS 446 and others into hybridization by a diallel scheme allowed realizing the complexes of such features as fast maturation, 1000 grain weight, adaptive properties in the offspring resulting in high productivity. The promising lines selected in the breeding process became the basis for developing new winter wheat varieties Askaniiska, Askaniiska Berehynia, Perlyna and the varieties of an alternative type Solomiia, Klarysa. Conclusions. The conducted research resulted in developing promising soft winter wheat varieties and the varieties of an alternative type, which ensure high and steady grain yields, especially under late sowing dates. Keywords: winter wheat, varieties of an alternative type, combining ability of genotypes.

scholarly journals ВПЛИВ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ НА ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ В УМОВАХ ЗАХІДНОГО ПОЛІССЯ УКРАЇНИ

2012 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
А. П. Білітюк ◽  
Л. А. Гарбар ◽  
С. М. Циганчук
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Вивчено вплив строків сівби та норм висіву наформування продуктивності сортів пшениці ози-мої в умовах Західного Полісся України. Результа-ти досліджень показали, що посіви пшениці озимоїна дерново-підзолистих на фоні N60Р60К60 макси-мальну врожайність формували за сівби сортуЗолотоколоса 30.09 за норми висіву 5 млн. схожихнасінин на га – 6,48 т/га, а сорту Смуглянка – засівби 10.10 за аналогічної норми висіву – 6,32 т/га.Найвищі показники якості зерна пшениці (вмістбілка та клейковини) було отримано за сівби сор-ту Смуглянка – 20.10, Золотоколоса – 10.10. The influence of sowing terms and seeding rates on formation ofwinter wheat varieties productivity under conditions of westernPolissya of Ukraine has been studied. The obtained results showsthat the highest yield of winter wheat varieties on sod-podzolic soilson background of N60Р60К60 was formed with sowing ofZolotokolosa variety at 30.09 and seeding rate 5 million vital seedsper hectare – 6.48 t/ha and Smuglyanka variety with sowing at10.10 and the same seeding rate – 6.32 t/ha. The best grain qualitywas obtained with sowing of Smuglyanka variety at 20.10 andZolotokolosa variety – 10.10.

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