scholarly journals How Should Green Messages Be Framed: Single or Double?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4257
Author(s):  
Arthur Cheng-Hsui Chen ◽  
Hsiu-Hui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Order Effect ◽  
Effect Study ◽  
Brand Attitude ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Green Product ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Product Attributes ◽  
Message Format ◽  
The Difference

Researchers and marketers have been showing more interest in the areas of green product attributes. They found that consumers usually associate low quality with green products. Little is known about how to design a green message and how to present product attributes in the advertisement. The objective of this study is to examine the different impacts of message content (single vs. double message) and message order (green message presented first vs. later) on green brand attitude in green advertisement, and its moderating effects by its central and peripheral attributes. Two 2 × 2 experimental between-subjects designs were utilized to test the hypotheses. The results of Study 1 indicate that after consumers watched the double-message advertisement, they formed a significantly more positive green brand attitude toward the product compared to watching a single-message advertisement. The product attributes demonstrated their moderating effects on the above result. The central attribute expanded the difference between the double message and single message, but the peripheral attribute diluted the double-message effect. Study 2 examined the order effect in the double-message advertisement, and we found that presenting the green message first instead of later was the most effective method to persuade consumers. However, this effect was only significant when the green attribute of the product is the central attribute. The peripheral attribute would decrease the order effect in the double-message format. Implications and recommendations for future research are provided at the end of this paper.

Comparative Effects of High-Tech Visual Scene Displays and Low-Tech Isolated Picture Symbols on Engagement From Students With Multiple Disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Holyfield ◽  
Sydney Brooks ◽  
Allison Schluterman
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Multiple Disabilities ◽  
Visual Scene ◽  
Future Research ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference

Purpose Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is an intervention approach that can promote communication and language in children with multiple disabilities who are beginning communicators. While a wide range of AAC technologies are available, little is known about the comparative effects of specific technology options. Given that engagement can be low for beginning communicators with multiple disabilities, the current study provides initial information about the comparative effects of 2 AAC technology options—high-tech visual scene displays (VSDs) and low-tech isolated picture symbols—on engagement. Method Three elementary-age beginning communicators with multiple disabilities participated. The study used a single-subject, alternating treatment design with each technology serving as a condition. Participants interacted with their school speech-language pathologists using each of the 2 technologies across 5 sessions in a block randomized order. Results According to visual analysis and nonoverlap of all pairs calculations, all 3 participants demonstrated more engagement with the high-tech VSDs than the low-tech isolated picture symbols as measured by their seconds of gaze toward each technology option. Despite the difference in engagement observed, there was no clear difference across the 2 conditions in engagement toward the communication partner or use of the AAC. Conclusions Clinicians can consider measuring engagement when evaluating AAC technology options for children with multiple disabilities and should consider evaluating high-tech VSDs as 1 technology option for them. Future research must explore the extent to which differences in engagement to particular AAC technologies result in differences in communication and language learning over time as might be expected.

scholarly journals Using a Process Approach to Pandemic Planning: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4121
Author(s):  
Hana Tomaskova ◽  
Erfan Babaee Tirkolaee
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Process Mining ◽  
Process Approach ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Critical Situation ◽  
Pandemic Planning ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Smart Technologies

The purpose of this article was to demonstrate the difference between a pandemic plan’s textual prescription and its effective processing using graphical notation. Before creating a case study of the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) of the Czech Republic’s pandemic plan, we conducted a systematic review of the process approach in pandemic planning and a document analysis of relevant public documents. The authors emphasized the opacity of hundreds of pages of text records in an explanatory case study and demonstrated the effectiveness of the process approach in reengineering and improving the response to such a critical situation. A potential extension to the automation and involvement of SMART technologies or process optimization through process mining techniques is presented as a future research topic.

scholarly journals Health Inequalities in Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review of the Mediating and Moderating Effects of Family Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7739
Author(s):  
Miriam Blume ◽  
Petra Rattay ◽  
Stephanie Hoffmann ◽  
Jacob Spallek ◽  
Lydia Sander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Scoping Reviews

This scoping review systematically mapped evidence of the mediating and moderating effects of family characteristics on health inequalities in school-aged children and adolescents (6–18 years) in countries with developed economies in Europe and North America. We conducted a systematic scoping review following the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews recommendations. We searched the PubMed, PsycINFO and Scopus databases. Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts. Evidence was synthesized narratively. Of the 12,403 records initially identified, 50 articles were included in the synthesis. The included studies were conducted in the United States (n = 27), Europe (n = 18), Canada (n = 3), or in multiple countries combined (n = 2). We found that mental health was the most frequently assessed health outcome. The included studies reported that different family characteristics mediated or moderated health inequalities. Parental mental health, parenting practices, and parent-child-relationships were most frequently examined, and were found to be important mediating or moderating factors. In addition, family conflict and distress were relevant family characteristics. Future research should integrate additional health outcomes besides mental health, and attempt to integrate the complexity of families. The family characteristics identified in this review represent potential starting points for reducing health inequalities in childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals Effect Study of Aperture Distribution on the Capillary Pressure-Saturation Relation for the Single Fracture

Geofluids ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Chenglong Wu ◽  
Yuntian Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Pressure ◽  
Effect Study ◽  
Single Fracture ◽  
Saturation Curve ◽  
Static Displacement ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Dual Connectivity ◽  
Fluid Saturation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Aperture Distribution

A systematic numerical method was presented to investigate the effect of aperture distribution on the relation of capillary pressure versus fluid saturation (P-S relation) for a single fracture. The fracture was conceptualized as a two-dimensional lattice-grid model and its aperture field was described by a probability distribution. Based on the invasion percolation theory, a program was developed to simulate the quasi-static displacement. The simulation was verified validly by comparisons of the experimental results. The effects of the statistical parameters were further quantified. The results show that the largest local aperture on the fracture boundary determines the AEV. The larger mean decreases the variation coefficient, which causes the more uniform aperture field, smoother air invasion front, and steeper capillary pressure-saturation curve (CPSC). The larger standard deviation increases not only the range but also the contrast degree of the apertures, thus providing a nondeterministic rule in the P-S relation. The larger correlation length causes a more homogeneous aperture field and a dual connectivity of the fracture. The increase of the difference and contrast degree between the small and large apertures results in dual-aperture fields. The dual-aperture field and dual connectivity of the fracture both contribute to the bimodal characteristic of the CPSC.

scholarly journals Visualizing molecular structures and shapes: a comparison of virtual reality, computer simulation, and traditional modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina E. Brown ◽  
Ben Whaley ◽  
Richard M. Hyslop
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Molecular Geometry ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chemistry Students ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three methods used to assist in teaching molecular geometry to college chemistry students. A pre- and post-test quasi-experiment was used to collect data about students’ performance in a given chemistry exercise. One research question was intended to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of the three methods in assisting students to understand the topic and carry out the exercise correctly, and a second research question addressed students’ attitudes towards the use of Virtual Reality (VR) in chemistry education. Results show a positive attitude towards the use of VR as an assisting tool to aid in understanding chemistry concepts. While the difference among the three methods was not significant, the results show that the VR brought more enthusiasm and positive attitudes toward the topic of molecular geometry among the students. Educational implications and recommendations for future research are presented as well.

scholarly journals What Countries Select More Experienced Leaders? The PolEx Measure of Political Experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Alexander Baturo ◽  
Johan A. Elkink
Keyword(s):  
Career Paths ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Political Experience ◽  
National Leaders ◽  
Regime Types ◽  
The Difference

Abstract How can one assess which countries select more experienced leaders for the highest office? There is wide variation in prior career paths of national leaders within, and even more so between, regime types. It is therefore challenging to obtain a truly comparative measure of political experience; empirical studies have to rely on proxies instead. This article proposes PolEx, a measure of political experience that abstracts away from the details of career paths and generalizes based on the duration, quality and breadth of an individual's experience in politics. The analysis draws on a novel data set of around 2,000 leaders from 1950 to 2017 and uses a Bayesian latent variable model to estimate PolEx. The article illustrates how the new measure can be used comparatively to assess whether democracies select more experienced leaders. The authors find that while on average they do, the difference with non-democracies has declined dramatically since the early 2000s. Future research may leverage PolEx to investigate the role of prior political experience in, for example, policy making and crisis management.

scholarly journals A Survey of Function Analysis and Applied Dynamic Equations on Hybrid Time Scales

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 450
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Ravi P. Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Dynamic Equations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dynamical Models ◽  
Time Scale Calculus ◽  
The Difference

As an effective tool to unify discrete and continuous analysis, time scale calculus have been widely applied to study dynamic systems in both theoretical and practical aspects. In addition to such a classical role of unification, the dynamic equations on time scales have their own unique features which the difference and differential equations do not possess and these advantages have been highlighted in describing some complicated dynamical behavior in the hybrid time process. In this review article, we conduct a survey of abstract analysis and applied dynamic equations on hybrid time scales, some recent main results and the related developments on hybrid time scales will be reported and the future research related to this research field is discussed. The results presented in this article can be extended and generalized to study both pure mathematical analysis and real applications such as mathematical physics, biological dynamical models and neural networks, etc.

Impact of flavours, device, nicotine levels and price on adult e-cigarette users’ tobacco and nicotine product choices

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056599
Author(s):  
Yong Yang ◽  
Eric N. Lindblom ◽  
Ramzi G. Salloum ◽  
Kenneth D. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Open System ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Discrete Choice Experiments ◽  
User Characteristics ◽  
Product Attributes ◽  
Product Choices ◽  
Nicotine Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionTo understand the impact of e-cigarette devices, flavours, nicotine levels and prices on adult e-cigarette users’ choices among closed-system and open-system e-cigarettes, cigarettes and heated tobacco products (HTPs).MethodsOnline discrete choice experiments were conducted among adult (≥18 years) e-cigarette users (n=2642) in August 2020. Conditional logit regressions were used to assess the relative impact of product attributes and the interactions between product attributes and user characteristics, with stratified analyses to examine differences by smoking status and primarily used e-cigarette device and flavour.ResultsOn average, participants preferred non-tobacco and non-menthol flavours most, preferred open-system over closed-system e-cigarettes and preferred regular nicotine level over low nicotine level. However, the preference varied by demographics, smoking status and the primarily used e-cigarette device and flavour. The differences in preference among products/devices were larger than the difference among flavours or nicotine levels. Participants who primarily used closed-system e-cigarettes exhibited similar preferences for closed-system and open-system e-cigarettes, but those who primarily used open-system e-cigarettes preferred much more open-system over closed-system e-cigarettes. HTP was the least preferred product, much lower than cigarettes in general, but participants living in states where IQOS is being sold had similar preferences to cigarettes and HTPs.ConclusionsPeople are unlikely to switch to another product/device because of the restriction of flavour or nicotine level. If non-tobacco and non-menthol flavours were banned from open-system e-cigarettes, users may switch to menthol flavour e-cigarettes. Intervention strategies should be tailored to specific groups.

The Effects of Gratification, Trust, and Platform Quality on the Continuance Use of Ride-Sharing Services in a Developing Country

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-41
Author(s):  
Muftawu Dzang Alhassan ◽  
Ibrahim Osman Adam
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Uses And Gratification ◽  
Ride Sharing ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Developed World

The advent of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has enabled the rise of ride-sharing services allowing individuals to access and request rides at a reasonably lower fee and their convenience thereby disrupting the delivery of traditional taxi services. Despite the promise of this sector, Information Systems (IS) research indicates a dearth of research examining the post-adoption behaviour of individuals in this sector. Furthermore, the concentration of studies in the developed world where the ride-sharing economy is more advanced has created an aperture of studies in the developing world. Relying on data from 133 respondents of ride-sharing services in Ghana and the Uses and Gratification (U&G) theory, we develop and analyze a model using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to understand the effects of gratification, trust, and platform quality on the continuance use of ride-sharing services. Our findings revealed that enjoyment, integrative benefits, trust, and platform quality significantly influence satisfaction. Furthermore, satisfaction was found to positively influence the continuance use intention of ride-sharing services. The moderating effects of education and user experience showed support for some relationships. Our findings, provide valuable insights into the post-adoption behaviour of users in the ride-sharing economy and offer some implications and future research directions.

Review Product Distribution Through Different Channels

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Zhaoqiong Qin
Keyword(s):  
Product Distribution ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Direct Channel ◽  
Past Work ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Channel Competition ◽  
Physical Channel ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Difference

This study aims to investigate the literature in product distribution and channel competition. In this study, past work related to the product distribution through different channels is extensively reviewed. Based on the channel differentiation, channel competition is also reviewed. Finally, the study proposes that the future research may focus on helping the producer make a decision whether to sell the product through its own direct channel (online) through a physical channel or both based on the difference between these two channels.

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