scholarly journals Company Reputation, Implied Cost of Capital and Tax Avoidance: Evidence from Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9997
Author(s):  
Imhyeon Kim ◽  
Jinsoo Kim ◽  
Jeongyeon Kang
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Cost Of Capital ◽  
Corporate Sustainability ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Implied Cost Of Capital ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Company Reputation ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to investigate the relationship between company reputation and the implied cost of capital in Korean companies from 2003 to 2016, based on research by Cao et al. (2015). In addition, we would like to examine the effect of tax avoidance. Company reputation increases corporate sustainability and enables sustainable management. In this study, Brandstock Top Index (BSTI), which represents Korea’s top 100 brands, was used as an interest variable representing company reputation. To examine the relationship between company reputation and implied cost of capital, the multiple linear regression analysis was conducted using various measures of implied cost of capital as a dependent variable. As a result of empirical analysis, company reputation and implied cost of capital showed a significant negative relationship. The higher the company’s reputation, the less information asymmetry in the stock market, indicating that the implied cost of capital decreases. A significant negative relationship between company reputation and implied cost of capital was not found in a group that was aggressive in tax avoidance. The contributions of this study are as follows. First, we presented the empirical result that company reputation and implied cost of capital were negatively related in Korea. It showed empirically the importance of company reputation in the Korean stock market. Second, in addition to the relationship between company reputation and implied cost of capital, prior research was expanded considering tax avoidance.

Incidental specialised vocabulary acquisition: a case of incidental medical terms acquisition from students’ perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Abdullah Ghobain ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Medical Terms ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Technical Terms

This study observes a particular group of students learning medical terms (MT) implicitly through studying medical subjects. That is, based on the policy followed in the context of the study, students shall not receive any deliberate terms instruction. This paper investigates their experiences and attitudes towards acquiring MT in such a situation. Students’ acquisition and proficiency, hypothesizing a positive relationship between the two constructs, are self-assessed through pre- and post-test surveys. The surveys included 114 and 95 students in each phase, respectively. Prior to the surveys, focus group discussions were conducted, according to which the questionnaire was developed. A statistical correlational Pearson test was done to examine the relationship between students’ proficiency and incidental terms acquisition. The results indicated a significant negative relationship between the two constructs tested. The study also tested the effect of time on increasing acquisition through conducting a paired independent t-test between the two sets of data. The results found that a more extended period was significant to incidental acquisition. Overall, through comparing the means, modes, and medians in the two phases (pre- and post-test), the findings reveal an increase in the students’ terms acquisition volume. However, students seem not to favour the approach and still advocate explicit instruction for technical terms.

scholarly journals Kecerdasan Emosi Dan Depresi Pada Mahasiswa Yang Sudah Menikah

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Azizah Fitriah
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Correlational Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Married Students ◽  
The Relationship

Every human being will one day experience a tense period in the short term when facing known problems such as career pressures, family disputes or quarrels, material pressures, and personal despair, and we will think that this is depression, which is not is an important problem because it will resolve itself, but none of these fleeting conditions is depression. Good emotional intelligence can reduce aggression, especially in adolescents. Therefore, if emotions are managed successfully, the individual will be able to entertain themselves when overwritten by sadness, can release anxiety, moodiness or offense and rise quickly again from it all. This research is field research with a correlational approach, exploring the relationship between depression and emotional intelligence in married students. The results of the hypothesis test show that between emotional intelligence and depression in married students has a significant negative relationship (XY = -0.411; sig = 0.014 <0.05). This is in accordance with the data obtained from the SPSS 19 for Windows program, stating that r table 0.334 and r xy (r hit) -0.411, said to be significant if r xy = 0.411> r table = 0.334. In other words, the higher the emotional intelligence of students who are married, the lower the possibility of depression.

scholarly journals The relationship between inter-organizational trust and performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Fiala ◽  
Martin Prokop ◽  
Iva Živělová
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Organizational Trust ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Supplier Performance ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Model Fit Indices ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with an investigation of the relationship between inter-organizational trust and performance. Using data obtained in a questionnaire survey in 373 organizations with more than 20 employees with their seat in the Czech Republic, we found the relationship between inter-organizational trust and supplier performance, mediated by the level of conflict. Also, the statistically significant negative relationship between inter-organizational trust and costs of negotiation and the statistically significant positive relationship between supplier performance and perceived performance were confirmed. The hypothesis on the statistically significant relationship between inter-organizational trust and negotiating costs was not confirmed. The structural equation modelling technique was used in the calculations. The calculated model fit indices (CFI, NFI, NNFI) with values over 0.9 demonstrate a very good quality of the model.

scholarly journals Perfectionism and Writing Performance of Chinese EFL College Learners

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Lijing Lin
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
L2 Writing ◽  
Parental Criticism ◽  
Linguistic Complexity ◽  
Personal Standards ◽  
Writing Performance ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
College Learners ◽  
L2 Learning ◽  
The Relationship

In the second language acquisition domain, researchers have devoted tremendous efforts to studying the relationship between L2 learning and some socio-affective factors, such as anxiety, motivation, etc. However, little research has been done to examine whether and how perfectionism, a psychological trait, affects L2 learning and L2 performance. The present study aims to fill this gap and investigate the relationship between the level of perfectionism and L2 performance among Chinese EFL college learners. Two specific questions are raised: (1) What is the relationship between perfectionism and L2 writing performance in terms of linguistic complexity, accuracy, and fluency? (2) What is the relationship between the six dimensions of perfectionism (Concern over Mistakes, Personal Standards, Parental Expectations, Parental Criticism, Doubts about Actions, Organization) and L2 writing performance in terms of linguistic complexity, accuracy, and fluency? To answer these questions, forty second-year students from Guangdong University of Foreign Studies majoring in English participated in the present study. The participants were required to compose a piece of English argumentative writing on the online system and then complete a 35-item Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale online immediately. The collected data were then processed and analyzed through SPSS (v. 17). The results of the analysis revealed that: (1) one of the measures of syntactic complexity has a significant negative relationship with perfectionism; (2) Personal Standards, one of the six dimensions of perfectionism, has a significant negative relationship with the participants&rsquo; L2 writing performance; (3) both Parental Expectations and Parental Criticism are found negatively correlated with the fluency aspect of the writing performance and the relationships have a significant effect. The implications of the findings are suggested for pedagogy and L2 learning.

scholarly journals EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS AND COMPETING INFORMATION: THE INDONESIAN EVIDENCE

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedhy Sulistiawan ◽  
Jogiyanto Hartono ◽  
Eduardus Tandelilin ◽  
Supriyadi Supriyadi
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Earnings Announcements ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Technical Analysis ◽  
Earnings Announcement ◽  
Price Reaction ◽  
Price Reactions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

The main purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence of the relationship betweeninvestors’ responses to two events, which are, (1) earnings anouncements, and (2) technicalanalysis signals, as competing information. This study is motivated by Francis, et al. (2002),whose study used stock analyst’s recommendations as competing information in the U.S stockmarket. To extend that idea, this study uses technical analysis signals as competing informationin the Indonesian stock market. Using Indonesian data from 2007-2012, this study shows thatthere are price reactions on the day of a technical analysis signal’s release, which is prior toearnings announcements. It means that investors react to the emergence of competinginformation. Reactions on earnings announcements also produce a negative relationship withthe reaction to a technical analysis signal before an earnings announcement. This study givesevidence about the importance of technical analysis as competing information to earningsannouncements.Keywords: competing information, earnings announcements, technical analysis, price reaction

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA EFIKASI DIRI DENGAN KECEMASAN MENGHADAPI PERTANDINGAN PADA ATLET DI SEKOLAH SEPAK BOLA APAC INTI

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-323
Author(s):  
Leni DarmaWanti ◽  
Margaretta Erna Setianingrum
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Research Results ◽  
School Anxiety ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Correlational Method ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to determine the relationship between self-efficacy with anxiety facing matches in athletes at the Apac Inti soccer school. Anxiety will arise when faced with something new such as facing a match. Athletes who master physical, technical, and good tactics, but if an athlete's mind is disturbed by excessive negative things, it can interfere with concentration and not optimal in the competition, causing athletes to feel anxious. The population in this study were 40 male students of Apac Inti aged 15-18 years. This research uses a quantitative correlational method with saturated sampling technique. Based on the research results obtained correlation coefficient (r) = -0.547; p <0.05 and it can be concluded that there is a significant negative relationship between self-efficacy with anxiety facing the match in athletes at Apac Inti soccer school.

Corporate governance and dividends payout: are they substitutes or complementary?

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Jebaraj Benjamin ◽  
Mazlina Mat Zain
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Agency Costs ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Board Meeting ◽  
Dividend Payout ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unique Relationship

Purpose – This paper aims to furnish incremental insights on dividends and corporate governance (CG) by addressing the relationship between board meeting frequency and board independence with dividend payout. In particular, this study aims to investigate whether CG attributes are substitutes to control agency problem within the Malaysian context. Design/methodology/approach – This paper examines panel data on a sample of 114 Malaysian firms (798 observations) for seven years from 2002 to 2008. Findings – Based on 798 firm-year observations for the period from 2002 to 2008, the results show significant negative relationship between CG (board independence, board meeting frequency) and dividend payout. This suggests that CG and dividend payout are substitutes in reducing agency costs. Our study provides empirical evidence consistent with the “substitution argument”, indicating that firms with weak CG need to establish reputation by paying more dividends. Specifically, the findings indicate that firms with a higher proportion of independent directors and boards of director that meet more frequent pay lower dividends. Originality/value – This paper provides evidence on previously untested governance characteristics in relation to how they act as substitute mechanisms with dividends for reducing agency costs. The results builds a strong case for the fresh strand of knowledge on dividends and CG which tests each CG variables to understand each of its unique relationship with dividends in line with the dividends outcome or substitute theory.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Citrus Canker Lesions Associated with Premature Drop of Sweet Orange Fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício E. Lanza ◽  
Weber Marti ◽  
Geraldo J. Silva ◽  
Franklin Behlau
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Detachment Force ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Orange Fruit ◽  
The Relationship

During the development of a citrus fruit, many cycles of infection by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri may occur leading to the development of a range of characteristics of citrus canker lesions scattered across the fruit surface. This study aimed to determine whether the size of the lesions, their distance from the peduncle, and the number and time of appearance of the lesions on fruit of sweet orange were associated with premature fruit drop. A multiple linear regression analysis revealed a negative relationship between the fruit detachment force and the lesion diameter, the proximity of the nearest lesion to the peduncle and the number of lesions. A survival analysis demonstrated that these characteristics significantly influenced the probability and the time that a cankered fruit remained attached to the tree. More than 90% of dropped fruit had large lesions (>5 mm) but not all fruit with large lesions dropped before harvest. Approximately 50% of the harvested fruit had lesions >5 mm. On the harvested fruit remaining on the tree, although large, the lesions had a smaller diameter, were located farther from the peduncle, and were less numerous than those observed on dropped fruit. Small canker lesions neither reduced the detachment force nor the survival of fruit in the tree. The earlier a fruit expressed canker symptoms, the higher the probability the fruit developed large lesions near the peduncle and/or developed lesions in greater numbers. This study provides a better understanding on the relationship between the time of appearance of lesions of citrus canker on fruit and premature fruit drop. This information defines the critical period for fruit protection and may be used to improve disease management.

scholarly journals Farmers’ perception of beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Md Shiduzzaman ◽  
Humyra Akhter ◽  
Mohammad Bashir Ahmed ◽  
Md Matiul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Scale Data

Vermicompost is very useful manure which is becoming popular day by day. However, its perception by the farmers is not yet assessed in the southwestern region of Bangladesh. The main objectives of this study were to determine the farmers’ perception of beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost and to explore the relationship between selected characteristics of the farmers’ and their perception of beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost. Data were collected using an interview schedule from randomly selected 60 respondents. Locale was three villages namely Lokhpur, Bollokhpur and Vobna under Fakirhat upazila of Bagerhat district. Faceto- face interview was conducted during 7 to 29 May, 2016. Farmers’ perception regarding the beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost was measured using 5- point Likert type scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and farmers’ perception index was calculated. Majority (66.7 percent) of the respondents had moderate perception while 18.3 percent and 15 percent of them had less and high perception, respectively, on the beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost. Among seven selected characteristics of the respondents, age showed a significant negative relationship with their perception of beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost while training experience of the respondents showed a significant positive relationship with their overall perception. Thus, arrangement of training could pave the way of high perception of beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(1): 19-25, April 2018

Finger Tremor and Extrapyramidal Side Effects of Neuroleptic Drugs

1979 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 488-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Collins ◽  
Ian Lee ◽  
Peter Tyrer
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Neuroleptic Drug ◽  
Neuroleptic Drugs ◽  
Extrapyramidal Side Effects ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Tremor Frequency ◽  
Finger Tremor ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryFinger tremor and extrapyramidal side-effects (EPSEs) were measured in seven patients before and during neuroleptic drug treatment to assess the relationship between the onset of EPSEs and changes in finger tremor spectra. Tremor and EPSEs were also measured in twelve patients stabilized on neuroleptic drugs to determine whether tremor could provide a reliable index of the presence and severity of extrapyramidal system disturbance. A downward shift in peak tremor frequency was noted within 48 hours of starting neuroleptic drug therapy, usually before the onset of EPSEs, and a significant negative relationship between the severity of EPSEs and tremor frequency (but not tremor amplitude). The peak frequency of finger tremor is thus a sensitive index of extrapyramidal disturbance and might be of value in predicting which patients taking neuroleptic drugs need anti-parkinsonian therapy.

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