scholarly journals Examining Factors Influencing Early Paid Over-The-Top Video Streaming Market Growth: A Cross-Country Empirical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5702
Author(s):  
Sangwon Lee ◽  
Seonmi Lee ◽  
Hyemin Joo ◽  
Yoonjae Nam
Keyword(s):  
Video Streaming ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Video On Demand ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Pay Tv ◽  
Over The Top

This study examines the factors influencing early paid Over-The-Top (OTT) video streaming market growth in 50 countries. The results of the panel data analysis suggest that Netflix’s market entry, traditional pay TV market size, broadband infrastructure, and OTT platform competition contribute to the early market growth of paid OTT video streaming services, such as subscription video-on-demand (SVOD) services. The results also reveal that the traditional pay TV subscription market and the paid OTT video streaming market initially grow together in many countries. However, the findings also reveal a negative association between the market entry of Netflix and the subscription revenue growth rate of traditional pay TV services. The results of this study suggest industry and policy implications for paid OTT video streaming market growth and the sustainable development of the media industry.

scholarly journals Improving Perceived Quality of Live Adaptative Video Streaming

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 948
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Maffini Santos ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Gouvea da Silva ◽  
Carlos Marcelo Pedroso
Keyword(s):  
Video Streaming ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Video Quality ◽  
Video On Demand ◽  
Live Streaming ◽  
Network Congestion ◽  
Congested Networks ◽  
Over The Top

Quality of service (QoS) requirements for live streaming are most required for video-on-demand (VoD), where they are more sensitive to variations in delay, jitter, and packet loss. Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) is the most popular technology for live streaming and VoD, where it has been massively deployed on the Internet. DASH is an over-the-top application using unmanaged networks to distribute content with the best possible quality. Widely, it uses large reception buffers in order to keep a seamless playback for VoD applications. However, the use of large buffers in live streaming services is not allowed because of the induced delay. Hence, network congestion caused by insufficient queues could decrease the user-perceived video quality. Active Queue Management (AQM) arises as an alternative to control the congestion in a router’s queue, pressing the TCP traffic sources to reduce their transmission rate when it detects incipient congestion. As a consequence, the DASH client tends to decrease the quality of the streamed video. In this article, we evaluate the performance of recent AQM strategies for real-time adaptive video streaming and propose a new AQM algorithm using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks to improve the user-perceived video quality. The LSTM forecast the trend of queue delay to allow earlier packet discard in order to avoid the network congestion. The results show that the proposed method outperforms the competing AQM algorithms, mainly in scenarios where there are congested networks.

Video-on-demand services in Latin America: Trends and challenges towards access, concentration and regulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-126
Author(s):  
Mariela Baladron ◽  
Ezequiel Rivero
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Video On Demand ◽  
Visual Content ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Pay Tv ◽  
New Entrants ◽  
Over The Top

In this article, an analysis of the over-the-top video on demand (VOD OTT) services’ market in Latin America is proposed, to account for its penetration, relationship with traditional pay-TV, content policies and current (and nowadays under debate) regulations for the sector. The analysis departs from a comparative study on the five main audio-visual markets of the region: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico, within which it is analysed Netflix, the predominant VOD OTT service. First, it will be argued that Internet’s potential to generate higher levels of competition and diversity from online distribution of audio-visual content has been limited by practices of vertical integration between a few new entrants and pre-existing, dominant players of the infocommunications industry. Secondly, the State’s role as a guarantor of public interest is discussed, particularly in periphery contexts with deeply structural asymmetries, as is the case in the countries mentioned above.

Kabelnetzbetreiber als Programmveranstalter?

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Constantin Lange ◽  
Bernd Kleinsteuber ◽  
Thomas Hintze
Keyword(s):  
Video On Demand ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Triple Play ◽  
Pay Tv

Als Premiere bei der Vergabe der Bundesliga-Fernsehrechte für die nächsten drei Jahre durch die DFL leer ausging, wurde von dort eine ordnungs- und medienpolitisch relevante Kritik geäußert. Arena, der neue Inhaber der Pay-TV-Rechte, ist nämlich eine hundertprozentige Tochtergesellschaft des Unternehmens Unity Media, das gleichzeitig die Kabelnetze von ish, iesy und Tele Columbus betreibt. Bisher war die Trennung von TV-Programm und -Distribution nicht nur ein Prinzip der Medienpolitik, sondern auch ein struktureller Vorteil aus ordnungspolitischer Sicht, da es den funktionierenden Wettbewerb auf der Programmebene von eventuellen Wettbewerbsproblemen auf der Distributionsebene unabhängig macht. Mehr als die Hälfte aller Haushalte erhalten ihre Fernsehprogramme über das TV-Kabel, das überall ein regionales Monopol besitzt. Allerdings steht das TV-Kabel in Substitutionskonkurrenz zu anderen Distributionswegen wie Satellit und Terrestrik (insb. DVB-T) und zukünftig auch zu den aufgerüsteten, breitbandigen Telekommunikationsnetzen (insb. VDSL) im Kontext von Triple Play. Diese verschärfte Wettbewerbssituation, die die Geschäftsmodelle der Kabelnetze in Gefahr bringt, zwingt diese, nach neuen Erlösmöglichkeiten Ausschau zu halten. Solche können einerseits im Angebot von Telefon- und Internetdiensten bestehen und andererseits im eigenen Angebot audiovisueller Inhalte, insbesondere als Pay-TV oder Pay-per-View bzw. Video-on-Demand. Damit ist die Interessenkollision zwischen Kabelnetzbetreibern und Programmanbietern vorgezeichnet. Im Folgenden beziehen Dr. Constantin Lange von der RTL inter active GmbH, Bernd Kleinsteuber von der Cablecom GmbH und Prof. DI Thomas Lange von der UPC Austria mit ihren Standpunktbeiträgen Position auf die Frage: Kabelnetzbetreiber als Programmveranstalter?

scholarly journals Adapting to context: Creative strategies of video streaming services in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 135485652110173
Author(s):  
Godwin Iretomiwa Simon
Keyword(s):  
Video On Demand ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
African Context ◽  
The Media ◽  
Streaming Services

This article examines the contextual challenges that characterize the video on demand (VOD) market in Africa. It provides critical analysis of the creative strategies employed by Nigeria-based streaming services to navigate the peculiar business environment on the continent. This research is on the background of the poor Internet infrastructure and economic divides in many African countries including Nigeria. Streaming services operating in these markets must understand a context where Internet access is complicated on the levels of availability and/or affordability, including significant lack of confidence in e-payment facilities. All these, together with epileptic power supply and poor standard of living, indicate that streaming services must innovate to capture subscribers within the continent. Despite the harsh operational environment, streaming services in Nigeria have continued to increase in number within the past 5 years. This is attributed to the transnational reach of the streaming services as they are patronized by Africans in diaspora across the globe, while they also enjoy popularity within African countries. This article specifically focuses on the innovative strategies employed by Nigerian streaming services to operate within their African markets in the context of their peculiar challenges. In so doing, it extends extant scholarship about Internet-distributed video using the African context. This article is situated within the Media Industry Studies framework and draws from semi-structured interviews with 7 streaming executives in Nigeria and 10 creative professionals in the Nigerian Video Film Industry (Nollywood). It also relies on desk research of press reports, industry publications, as well as the interfaces of streaming portals. This article underscores the necessity of contextualized research with the digital turn in video distribution. Through contextualized analysis of VOD market realities in a less studied terrain like Africa, it aligns with scholarly call to expand theories of Internet-distributed video to marginal contexts.

Is Over the Top Video Platform the Game Changer over Traditional TV Channels in India? A Niche Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1326365X2110096
Author(s):  
Hashim Hamza Puthiyakath ◽  
Manash Pratim Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Video Streaming ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Niche Theory ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Game Changer

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 and the consequent national lockdown, the usage of over the top (OTT) platforms has significantly increased in India. The growing popularity of video streaming has made a substantial impact on the traditional TV channels during pandemic times. The purpose of this study is to examine the competition, coexistence and competitive superiority of OTT and TV in providing consumer satisfaction. The study adopted the niche theory to empirically measure the degree of gratification fulfilled by OTT and TV, the similarity between OTT and TV and the competitive superiority of OTT and TV across seven micro-dimensions of gratification. The data for the study has been gathered from 223 online users across India. The results of the study reflect that OTT provides a higher degree of satisfaction across all seven dimensions of gratification with the greatest difference manifested in the convenience dimension. The niche overlap measures indicated that the highest level of similarity between TV and OTT is in providing gratification in the relaxation dimension, whereas the least similarity was observed in the convenience dimensions. The competitive superiority of OTT surpassed TV in all dimensions with the greatest difference manifested in relaxation.

scholarly journals Tolerance, Cultural Diversity and Economic Growth: Evidence from Dynamic Panel Data Analysis

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Osama Alhendi ◽  
József Tóth ◽  
Péter Lengyel ◽  
Péter Balogh
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
English Language ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Social Tolerance ◽  
Solow Model ◽  
Related Equation ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to examine the impact of social tolerance of cultural diversity, and the ability to speak widely spoken languages, on economic performance. Based on the literature, the evidence is still controversial and unclear. Therefore, the study used panel data relating to (99) non-English speaking economies during the time period between 2009 and 2017. Following the augmented Solow model approach, the related equation was expanded, in this study, to include (besides human capital) social tolerance, the English language (as a lingua franca) and the level of openness. The model was estimated using the two-step system GMM approach. The results show that social tolerance of diversity and English language competence have a positive, but insignificant impact on the economy. Regarding policy implications, government and decision-makers can avoid the costs deriving from cultural diversity by adopting democratic and effective institutions that aim to achieve cultural justice and recognition, which, in turn, enhance the level of tolerance, innovation and productivity in the economy. Moreover, to ease intercultural communication within heterogeneous communities, it is necessary to invest in enhancing the quality of second language education which is necessary to make society more tolerant and the country more open to the global economy.

scholarly journals The Effect of Renewable Energy Generation on the Electric Power Spot Price of the Japan Electric Power Exchange

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Maekawa ◽  
Bui Hai ◽  
Sarana Shinkuma ◽  
Koji Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Spot Price ◽  
Price Forecast ◽  
Weather Information ◽  
Power Exchange ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to explore the relationship between renewable energies and the electric power spot price of the Japan Electric Power Exchange (JEPX). By using panel data analysis and proxy modeling, this work attempts to estimate how renewable energies (displayed through the proxies) and other factors influence the electric power spot price in Japan. Based on an analysis of the estimations, some policy implications have been proposed, such as to incorporate weather information into the price forecast, or to provide a guide to more effectively transact on the JEPX.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Equity Return Correlations between China’s Pairs of A- and B-Share Markets: Effect of QFII’s Implementation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Jung-Lieh Hsiao ◽  
Teng-Tsai Tu ◽  
Mei-Chun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Constant Term ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Return Volatility ◽  
Market Sentiment ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Relative Return

This paper was intended to examine factors influencing the correlations between A- and B-shares of individual firms, and explore the effects of Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor’s (QFII) implementation on correlations. The empirical results show that interest rate differential, relative turnover rate, relative return volatility, and market sentiment had impacts on correlation both before and after the QFII’s implementation. After its implementation, correlations became more sensitive to premium, relative turnover rate and market sentiment. Furthermore, the estimated constant term for overall market correlation became more negative (raw values from -0.3413 to -0.8815), indicating an increasing correlation between A- and B-shares’ returns. The policy implications are that much benefit of diversification into emerging markets such as paired A-and B-shares can be accomplished, together with taking several influential factors into account.

scholarly journals Capital Structure-Firm Value Nexus: Moderating Role of Profitability

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-386
Author(s):  
Hamed Ahmad Almahadin ◽  
Yazan Salameh Oroud
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Functional Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

This study aims to investigate the moderating role of profitability in the relationship between capital structure and firm value in Jordan, as an example of an emerging economy. For this purpose, two functional models were formulated to capture the direct relationship as well as the interaction impact of capital structure on firm value. The robust empirical findings of panel data analysis provide strong evidence of an adverse relationship between capital structure and firm value. The findings confirm that the impact of capital structure appears to be complicated in nature and difficult to examine without controlling for the interaction of profitability as one of the major determinants. Therefore, studying the interaction effect provides ample evidence and enhances the understanding of the link between firm value and capital structure. The empirical results of the study may provide important insights and policy implications to decision-makers.

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