scholarly journals A Critical Review of the Role of Repair Cafés in a Sustainable Circular Transition

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12351
Author(s):  
Rikke Marie Moalem ◽  
Mette Alberg Mosgaard
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Educational Aims ◽  
Future Role ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Useful Life ◽  
Number Of Publications

Extending the useful life of consumer products is a critical element in the circular economy. Although commercial repair is an established part of the global economy, the repair is often conducted informally. This means that non-commercial repair ecosystems exist, including the international network of repair cafés, spreading worldwide to over 2000 repair cafés in 37 countries (April 2021). As the first review on this topic, this article investigates and gains more knowledge about repair cafés, and critically assesses their role as a sustainability initiative, i.e., how the concept may translate into a broader sustainability context. A systematic literature review (2010–2020) was conducted, including 44 articles in descriptive and content analyses. The bibliometric data revealed an increase in the number of publications on repair cafés, particularly over the last four years, indicating that repair cafés as a research topic have started to gain attention, and this is likely to grow in numbers. However, the significant number of different places of publication indicates that this is not (yet) a well-established field with defined research channels. The content analysis revealed that the concept has spread to a range of different contexts, beyond the original scope, influencing the mindset and acts of a broad field of practitioners. This indicates a wide range of possibilities for the expansion of the concept of repair cafés, bringing different expectations on calling into question the future role of repair cafés. However, the aims of the people involved in repair cafés span from the altruistic and strategic, over personal gains, to critical consumer, financial and educational aims. This may challenge repair cafés’ future role(s), i.e., ambitions set by the international organisation of repair cafés. Notably, the ambition for actors at the micro-level is to feed in data on repair and achieve ‘collaborative repair’, as the aims of the people involved are complex, and their expectations lack alignment, both vertically and horizontally.

The State versus the People

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Rendle
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
State Control ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
The Military

This book provides the first detailed account of the role of revolutionary justice in the early Soviet state. Law has often been dismissed by historians as either unimportant after the October Revolution amid the violence and chaos of civil war or even, in the absence of written codes and independent judges, little more than another means of violence. This is particularly true of the most revolutionary aspect of the new justice system, revolutionary tribunals—courts inspired by the French Revolution and established to target counter-revolutionary enemies. This book paints a more complex picture. The Bolsheviks invested a great deal of effort and scarce resources into building an extensive system of tribunals that spread across the country, including into the military and the transport network. At their peak, hundreds of tribunals heard hundreds of thousands of cases every year. Not all ended in harsh sentences: some were dismissed through lack of evidence; others given a wide range of sentences; others still suspended sentences; and instances of early release and amnesty were common. This book, therefore, argues that law played a distinct and multifaceted role for the Bolsheviks. Tribunals stood at the intersection between law and violence, offering various advantages to the Bolsheviks, not least strengthening state control, providing a more effective means of educating the population on counter-revolution, and enabling a more flexible approach to the state’s enemies. All of this adds to our understanding of the early Soviet state and, ultimately, of how the Bolsheviks held on to power.

African Traditional Religion and Violence

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Wlodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Religion ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Lord's Resistance Army ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ritual Sacrifice ◽  
Spirit World ◽  
African Traditional Religion ◽  
Role Of Religion

This chapter analyzes a wide range of African customs and legends. It demonstrates that African traditional religion offers notions of a thriving spirit world which provides “sacred warriors” ritualized protections and martial enhancements when defense of community is urgent. African traditional religion remains primarily an African phenomenon and, as a result, is tightly associated with the cultures and realities of the continent. The role of religion in motivating violence and its role in carrying out the violence are addressed. The Lord's Resistance Army has revealed that a spiritual agenda and rhetoric is not enough to win the support of the people. A proliferation of news stories and images from across Africa of persecuted albino communities, victims of ritual sacrifice or magically empowered rebels might give the impression that traditional religion and violence are more intertwined than ever.

scholarly journals The role of Russian and Tatar intelligentsia in the cultural life of Kazakh society

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
M.S. Janguzhiyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The People ◽  
Library Resources ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Economic Ties

The article deals with the organization of library business in the Kazakh region in the midXIX - early XX centuries and the valuable heritage of the Russian and Tatar intelligentsia for the study of Kazakh society. According to the author, in order to optimize education, Kazakh scientists and educators used library resources of publishing houses in Orenburg and Kazan. In addition, the author provides specific facts about the role of the Kazakh intelligentsia in the work of printing houses, including the increase in the number of publications. Although many libraries were disbanded and closed, history knows the works of the Kazakh intelligentsia. As a result of studying the history and culture of the Kazakh society of the mid-XIX - early XX centuries, the facts were confirmed not only about strengthening cultural and economic ties with neighboring countries, but also about the spiritual life of the people.

scholarly journals What drives beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories? The role of psychotic-like experiences and confinement-related factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simão Pedro Rodrigues Ferreira ◽  
Carlos Campos ◽  
Beatriz Monteiro Marinho ◽  
Susana Rocha ◽  
Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Effective Dissemination ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Conspiracy Beliefs

The COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide threat to public health and the global economy. The climate of fear and uncertainty associated with the pandemic has fostered the emergence of a wide-range of COVID-19 conspiracy theories that has the potential do shape public opinion and hinder the effective dissemination of valid information. Beliefs in conspiracy theories has been associated with maladaptive personality traits such as schizotypy and paranoia, as well as other non-psychotic psychological characteristics (e.g., social isolation, stress). The current study aimed to examine the association between beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories and psychotic-like experiences within the community, while also addressing the role of sociodemographic information, psychological outcomes (e.g., stress, affective states) and other pandemic-related factors (e.g., confinement conditions/behaviors). Our results suggest that psychotic-like experiences are associated with beliefs in COVID-19 conspiracy theories, particularly perceptual abnormalities and persecutory ideation. Moreover, increased health-related concerns and reduced education levels also seem to be liability factors for these conspiracy beliefs. These results add important insights into how the adherence to illogical and erroneous disease-related arguments may be contingent to proneness to psychotic-like experiences. COVID-19 conspiracy theories are yet another major challenge that governments and policy makers must contemplate when defining strategic directions to manage the current and future pandemics.

scholarly journals Update on Prostate Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Prediction to Response to Therapy

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Montironi ◽  
Alessia Cimadamore ◽  
Antonio Lopez-Beltran ◽  
Liang Cheng ◽  
Marina Scarpelli
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Molecular Biomarkers ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Prostate Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Future Role ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Prognosis And Prediction

The wide range of novelties reported in this Special Issue of the journal Cells on prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction to response to therapy, has led us to a series of considerations related to a better understanding of the current and future role of effective molecular biomarkers in individual patients with PCa [...]

scholarly journals Sahrawi Refugees in Algeria: How Do “The People in Exile” Live?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-255
Author(s):  
E. I. Smeshko
Keyword(s):  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Western Sahara ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Islamic Identity ◽  
Political Settlement

The article is devoted to the study of the conditions of life of the Sahrawi people who live in refugee camps in Algeria since 1970s due to the Western Sahara conflict. The process of political settlement of the Western Sahara conflict has been de facto suspended, however the situation in the Sahrawi refugee camps remains unstable and requires new solutions and international cooperation. The article provides a historical overview of the emergence of the refugee camps in Tindouf and examines existing mechanisms for international supporting the Sahrawi people. The author tends to analyze activities of the UN system organizations and agencies. Annual events within the framework of the FiSahara Film Festival to support Sahrawi are reported. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of Islam in Sahrawi society and the possibilities to benefit from the Islamic identity of the Sahrawi people to the Islamic cooperation and helping for refugees from Muslimmajority states. It is shown that the authorities of the unrecognized Sahara Arab Democratic Republic (the front POLISARIO) create the image of the secular Sahrawi community to overcome Islamophobia and receive humanitarian aid from a wide range of non-governmental organizations, including Christian and secular ones. At the same time, the true religious component of refugees’ life is hidden from the international community.

scholarly journals Plausible role of Arq Ajīb in combating COVID-19: A multi-faceted review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Noman Anwar ◽  
N. Zaheer Ahmed ◽  
Shehnaz Begum
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Massive Change ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The current pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to a massive change in every aspect of our lives. It has grossly affected the healthcare system, business and world trade, disruption of movement and supply of essential goods and has crippled the global economy. Although few vaccines have been approved for the control of disease, targeted therapy options for this virulent disease still remain limited and elusive. Exhaustive search for potent therapeutic candidate is in progress, for which herbal armory are also being explored. Medicinal plants and their products play a vital role in alleviating various diseases and have been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Plant-based drugs with antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulotry activities were hypothetically considered as potential drugs to prevent and mitigate the prevailing situation caused by SARS-CoV-2. Arq Ajīb ‘a Unani formulation’ presents compelling approach in treating numerous diseases. The ingredients of Arq Ajīb and their phytocompounds have been reported for wide-ranging pharmaco-biological activities including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulotry, anti-allergic, antitussive and bronchodilatory activities. Scientific data available on the formulation ingredients and their phytocompounds indicates that the formulation may have a significant role in augmenting the immune status of individual, protecting them from infection and providing symptomatic relief to patients affected with COVID-19. Hence, it may be considered as a potential drug for the development of novel therapeutic candidate for SARS-CoV-2 infection. This multi-faceted review highlights the therapeutic significance and pharmacological actions of Arq Ajīb and its ingredients to demonstrate the plausible role of the formulation in combating COVID-19. Keywords: Arq Ajīb, COVID-19, Pudina, Ajwain, Camphor, Unani formulation

Entrepreneurial universities: the role of communities, people and places

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 310-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Ratten
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The People ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
Entrepreneurial Society

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce the special issue about entrepreneurial universities. The paper focuses on the reasons for their importance in global communities. Design/methodology/approach The literature about entrepreneurial universities is reviewed with a focus on the role of communities, people and places. Findings Entrepreneurial universities need to consider the people in society in terms of how they relate to learning, education and teaching about new ideas and business practices. Research limitations/implications It is important in the increasingly connected global economy that universities be seen as the drivers of the entrepreneurial society, which helps place people at the centre of educational communities. Practical implications This paper has suggestions for educational managers and business people interested in connecting with entrepreneurial universities and their place in the society. Originality/value This value of this paper is that it includes the main ideas from the special issue in terms of how entrepreneurial universities are fostering a connected society that places people, places and communities at the forefront of the change.

scholarly journals Wiedza dotycząca zrównoważonego rozwoju wśród młodzieży licealnej na podstawie badań pilotażowych

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
Ilona Żeber-Dzikowska
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Right ◽  
Initial Research

The balanced development is at present the challenge for creating the awareness not only of the particular society, but also in the widest sense for the whole generation of the people. Undertaking such issues, the role of education during all stages of teaching, should be taken into consideration, especially, in the range of propagating the idea of responsibility for the natural environment with eco-development. It is a specially important element of teaching according to the principle of pro-environmental education to undertake all actions in the educational centers, which aim is to stimulate the environmental awareness of young people as well as to prepare the pedagogical staff to the realization of the wide range of methods and strategies that allow to get the best results during the process of educating young generation. The appropriate undertakings should be realized in order to support the education in the process of introducing the right value system and positive attitudes towards realization of the sixth Environmental politics of the EU Programme. With the connection to the carried on initial research associated with the knowledge about the balanced development among high school students, analysing the results of the questionnaires, the answer to the question whether students possess any kind of knowledge on balanced development was to be learned.

scholarly journals Ecclesiastical advice literature in Anglo-Saxon England

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Toby R. Beeny
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Advice Literature ◽  
The People ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Clear Link ◽  
Political Writing

This dissertation examines the writing of religious writers during the Anglo-Saxon period in England (410- 1066). The purpose of this work is to better understand how religious writing also functioned as political writing. Ecclesiastics such as monks and bishops were the primary authors during the period and wrote many types of works, such as histories and sermons. My research seeks to explore how a work such as a history was in fact designed to shape the role of government, especially the function of kings. I proceeded by examining a wide range or works, including sermons, histories, and biographies and connecting the content to contemporary political situations. I did this by first examining what behavior was praised and what was condemned, and then connecting this praise and blame to what was happening politically during the time of writing. What I discovered was that there was a clear link between many writers and contemporary politics, and that these men used their writing to shape the concept of kingship. Ecclesiastics understood kingship to be a sacred office and one that was deeply connected to the salvation of the people, but also an office with a sacred duty for war. My work helps us to better understand the role that kings played during the early Middle Ages, and how ecclesiastics used writing to advance their political vision.

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