scholarly journals Jellyfishing in Europe: Current Status, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions towards a Sustainable Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12445
Author(s):  
Dori Edelist ◽  
Dror L. Angel ◽  
João Canning-Clode ◽  
Sonia K. M. Gueroun ◽  
Nicole Aberle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Nuisance Species ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Research Initiatives ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Vessel Stability

Jellyfish are often described as a nuisance species, but as our understanding shifts to more ecosystem-based conceptions, they are also recognized as both important components of marine ecosystems and a resource for humans. Here, we describe global jellyfish fisheries and review production, fishing methods, and applications based on the existing literature. We then focus on future development of a European jellyfish fishery based on current and recent EU research initiatives. Jellyfish have been a staple food in East Asia for eons and now show a potential for non-food applications as well. The main fishing methods are mostly traditional, with set-nets, driftnets, hand-nets, and scoop-nets utilizing small crafts or beach-seines. All require a lot of manual labor, thus providing vital, albeit seasonal, occupation to weaker populations. Larger commercial vessels such as purse seines and trawlers are newly introduced métiers which may enable a larger catch per unit effort and total catch, but pose questions of selectivity, bycatch, vessel stability, and transshipment. Social concerns arising from the seasonality of jellyfish fisheries must be met in SE Asia, Latin America, and in any location where new fisheries are established. In the EU, we recognize at least 15 species showing potential for commercial harvesting, but as of 2021, a commercial fishery has yet to be developed; as in finfish fisheries, we advise caution and recognition of the role of jellyfish in marine ecosystems in doing so. Sustainable harvesting techniques and practices must be developed and implemented for a viable practice to emerge, and social and ecological needs must also be incorporated into the management plan. Once established, the catch, effort, and stock status must be monitored, regulated, and properly reported to FAO by countries seeking a viable jellyfish fishery. In the near future, novel applications for jellyfish will offer added value and new markets for this traditional resource.

scholarly journals Ecological and socio-economic assessment of Kenyan coastal fisheries: the case of Malindi-Ungwana Bay artisanal fisheries versus semi-industrial bottom trawling

Afrika Focus ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-164
Author(s):  
Cosmas Nzaka Munga ◽  
Edward Kimani ◽  
Ann Vanreusel
Keyword(s):  
Fishery Management ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Bottom Trawling ◽  
Shrimp Fishery ◽  
Fisheries Resources

This study explores and describes the status of the fisheries resources in the Malindi-Ungwana Bay, Kenya. In addition to shrimp bottom trawling, the bay also supports a variety of artisanal fishing techniques with associated resource-use conflict experienced for quite some time until a ban on bottom trawling was imposed. This study therefore, focuses on a before and after the trawling ban effect on shrimp populations and finfish bycatch distribution and abundance, and the characterisation of artisanal finfish catches in terms of catch composition, catch-per-unit-effort, and mean trophic level by vessel-gear categories. Apart from providing the current status of exploitation level of the fisheries resources, the scientific information generated from this study is also useful for the revision of the shrimp fishery management plan that was formulated with inadequate scientific and background information during the six year bottom trawling ban in the bay.

Analyzing the production and economic indicators of Russia's largest iron and steel works

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1531-1550
Author(s):  
N.N. Yashalova ◽  
I.L. Ryabkov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
The Russian Federation

Subject. We investigate trends in the development of the largest steel companies in the Russian Federation. Objectives. The aim of the study is to conduct an industry-wide analysis of the production and economic activities of the largest domestic enterprises operating in the iron and steel industry. Methods. The study employs methods of comparative and system analysis, graphical and statistical methods for data processing. Results. We present the analysis of main production and economic indicators of the leading steel producers of the Russian Federation, i.e. NLMK, Severstal, MMK, and EVRAZ. The paper reveals their current status and key development trends. Conclusions. The largest Russian steel companies face serious challenges in both the domestic and foreign market. Competitive interactions in the domestic market as to the sale price of rolled metal and the share of presence are particularly sensitive. The threat of reduced supplies to export markets is also significant for Russian steel producers. It may entail insufficient utilization of capacities and potential loss of added value. The companies mainly export semi–finished goods and hot-rolled flat products, i.e. low-added value products. Products with high added value are usually delivered to the domestic market.

scholarly journals Extraction of Total Anthocyanins from Sicana odorifera Black Peel Fruits Growing in Paraguay for Food Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6026
Author(s):  
Laura Mereles ◽  
Silvia Caballero ◽  
Alberto Burgos-Edwards ◽  
Macarena Benítez ◽  
Danya Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Natural Colorant ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Screening Design ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Antioxidant Characteristics

Sicana odorifera is a native fruit of South America large in size. Its dark-colored skin constitutes a useful byproduct for obtaining bioactive molecules because it is rich in polyphenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins. Obtaining appropriate extracts for obtaining anthocyanins can be useful for multiple applications in the food industry or for obtaining phytopharmaceuticals. In this work, the fruit and its peel composition were evaluated, an anthocyanin extraction system was designed and optimized, and the extract obtained was characterized. The peel composition of S. odorifera ripe fruits from the black accession growing in Paraguay was rich in polyphenol compounds and anthocyanins. Ultrasound-assisted extractions of total anthocyanins were studied, and the extraction variables were optimized. First, a screening design was considered to analyze time, pH, liquid–solid ratio, solvent concentration, and temperature. From the screening design, the significant variables were considered in a Box–Behnken design, and a response surface methodology was applied. The resulting total anthocyanin extract was characterized by UPLC-DAD-MS / MS-ESI. The most efficient system for the extraction of anthocyanins from the peel was at 15 min, 20 °C, pH = 6, 60% ethanol, and 80 mL/g of liquid–solid ratio. The highest concentration obtained was 61.908 mg C3G/g peel extract. In the extract, 12 main compounds were tentatively identified, including five anthocyanin derivatives, five flavonol derivatives, and two flavonol aglycones. This study provides information for the obtention of an anthocyanin-based dye from black kurugua peel, possibly useful for future applications as a natural colorant in high-added-value foods due to its antioxidant characteristics.

scholarly journals The added value of using the HEPA PAT for physical activity policy monitoring: a four-country comparison

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gelius ◽  
◽  
Sven Messing ◽  
Sarah Forberger ◽  
Jeroen Lakerveld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Physical Activity Monitoring ◽  
Physical Activity Policy ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Monitoring Framework ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Background Public policy is increasingly recognized as an important component of physical activity promotion. This paper reports on the current status of physical activity policy development and implementation in four European countries based on the Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Audit Tool (HEPA PAT) developed by WHO. It compares the findings to previous studies and discusses the general utility of this tool and its unique features in relation to other instruments. Methods The study was conducted as part of the Policy Evaluation Network (www.jpi-pen.eu) in Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands and Poland. Data collection built upon information obtained via the EU Physical Activity Monitoring Framework survey, additional desk research and expert opinion. Data analysis employed Howlett’s policy cycle framework to map and compare national physical activity policies in the four countries. Results In all countries under study, policy agenda-setting is influenced by prevalence data from national health monitoring systems, and the sport and/or health sector takes the lead in policy formulation. Key policy documents were located mainly in the health sector but also in sport, urban design and transport. Physical activity programmes implemented to meet policy objectives usually cover a broad range of target groups, but currently only a small selection of major policies are evaluated for effectiveness. National experts made several suggestions to other countries wishing to establish physical activity policies, e.g. regarding cross-sectoral support and coordination, comprehensive national action plans, and monitoring/surveillance. Conclusions This study provides a detailed overview of physical activity policies in the four countries. Results show that national governments are already very active in the field but that there is room for improvement in a number of areas, e.g. regarding the contribution of sectors beyond sport and health. Using the HEPA PAT simultaneously in four countries also showed that procedures and timelines have to be adapted to national contexts. Overall, the instrument can make an important contribution to understanding and informing physical activity policy, especially when used as an add-on to regular monitoring tools like the EU HEPA Monitoring Framework.

Implementation of a Pipeline Integrity Management System at TIGF (France): The Added Value of the Pipeline Threats and Mitigations Module

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Kutrowski ◽  
Rob Bos ◽  
Jean-Re´gis Piccardino ◽  
Marie Pajot
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Transmission Grid ◽  
Integrity Management ◽  
Corrective Actions

On January 4th 2007 TIGF published the following invitation for tenders: “Development and Provision of a Pipeline Integrity Management System”. The project was awarded to Bureau Veritas (BV), who proposed to meet the requirements of TIGF with the Threats and Mitigations module of the PiMSlider® suite extended with some customized components. The key features of the PiMSlider® suite are: • More than only IT: a real integrity philosophy, • A simple intuitive tool to store, display and update pipeline data, • Intelligent search utilities to locate specific information about the pipeline and its surrounding, • A scalable application, with a potentially unlimited number of users, • Supervision (during and after implementation) by experienced people from the oil and gas industry. This paper first introduces TIGF and the consortium BV – ATP. It explains in a few words the PIMS philosophy captured in the PiMSlider® suite and focuses on the added value of the pipeline Threats and Mitigations module. Using this module allows the integrity analyst to: • Prioritize pipeline segments for integrity surveillance purposes, • Determine most effective corrective actions, • Assess the benefits of corrective actions by means of what-if scenarios, • Produce a qualitative threats assessment for further use in the integrity management plan, • Optimize integrity aspects from a design, maintenance and operational point of view, • Investigate the influence of different design criteria for pipeline segments. To conclude, TIGF presents the benefits of the tool for their Integrity Management department and for planning inspection and for better knowledge of their gas transmission grid.

scholarly journals Visual research landscape of surface water and groundwater interactions (1980 - 2017)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasapta Erwin Irawan ◽  
Budi Brahmantyo ◽  
Deny Juanda Puradimaja ◽  
Priyono ◽  
Achmad Darul
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Visual Research ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Joint Seminar ◽  
Research Initiatives ◽  
Scientometric Study

This document will submitted to Journal Information. This paper is one of the main output of our P3MI project at ITB. The following research also appear here as an abstract and slides: Making a visual research landscape of surface water and groundwater interactions (1980 - 2017) using free online tools (https://osf.io/preprints/inarxiv/kq5a7/ ) and Current status of hydrogeological research - ITB-Tohoku joint seminar (https://osf.io/preprints/inarxiv/dum64/)---Surface water is closely linked to unconfined groundwater, especially in Indonesia, where shallow aquifers are mostly composed of unconsoli- dated layers. To put Indonesia’s research on surface water and ground- water interactions in to perspective, we did a scientometric study based on literature search using VosViewer and Scopus database. We analyzed a corpus of 281 papers to extract the hidden pattern of information us- ing text mining algorithm. There are five clusters of subtopic that we gained from the dataset: modeling/simulation, contamination, water bal- ance, and climate-land use. We also find multiple gaps in the literature that mostly related to local geological settings. Based on that, we endorse Indonesia authors to start looking at the unique socio-economic and bio- geophysical features, and report it in form of scientific papers/reports and disseminate their key points online to get more international atten- tion. Based on the results, we also push Indonesian scientific community to lead more international collaboration to promote local distinctive fea- tures using widespread collaboration tools online. Given the lack of fund- ing, we also promote the usage of free and open source tools for any kinds of research initiatives.

scholarly journals Mapping Cumulative Impacts of Human Activities on Marine Ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
SeaPlan
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Cumulative Impacts ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Ocean Management ◽  
Survey Results

Given the diversity of human uses and natural resources that converge in coastal waters, the potential independent and cumulative impacts of those uses on marine ecosystems are important to consider during ocean planning. This study was designed to support the development and implementation of the 2009 Massachusetts Ocean Management Plan. Its goal was to estimate and visualize the cumulative impacts of human activities on coastal and marine ecosystems in the state and federal waters off of Massachusetts.For this study, regional ecosystem experts were surveyed to gauge the relative vulnerability of marine ecosystems to current and emerging anthropogenic stressors. Survey results were then combined with spatial information on the distribution of marine ecosystems and human stressors to map cumulative impacts in Massachusetts waters.The study resulted in an ecosystem vulnerability matrix and human impacts maps, which together yield insights into which ecosystems and places are most vulnerable and which human uses, alone and in combination, are putting the most stress on marine ecosystems. These products can be used in a number of ways, including to help clarify ocean planning decisions, identify areas of potential conflict among ocean users and areas that may merit conservation, and assess ecological, economic and social values of particular places.

A description of the free text word choices physicians use to describe prognosis in over 50,000 electronic treatment plans.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (30_suppl) ◽  
pp. 219-219
Author(s):  
Lalan S. Wilfong ◽  
Mark Ferencik ◽  
Marcus A. Neubauer
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Word Count ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Treatment Plans

219 Background: Fourteen practices within the US Oncology Network are participating in the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation’s (CMMI) Oncology Care Model. To meet the requirement of documenting a care plan that contains the 13 components in the Institute of Medicine Care Management Plan, an electronic treatment plan was developed which incorporates core elements from our EMR, IKnowMed, supplemented by additional physician documentation. Physicians must document in their own words the prognosis section of the care plan. Methods: To better understand the word choices physicians use for prognosis, we evaluated the word choices used in over 50,000 treatment plans. Using an excel based word count macro, all contents of the free text entry “prognosis” field were sorted based on frequency of the same answer and were then ranked from most common use to least common. A word count method was applied to determine and rank the most commonly used words across all answers. The “current status of disease” field in the treatment plan was used to divide the prognosis answers into those that mentioned “Metastatic” and “Not Metastatic” so that prognosis wording trends could be compared using pivot tables and data filters. Results: 70% of prognosis word choices were single words: “excellent, good, fair, poor, or guarded” were the most common. 20% of phrases were multi-word that appeared repeatedly such as “will depend on the response to therapy.” Only 10% of answers were uniquely worded per treatment plan and felt to be personal to the patient’s situation. Additionally, the number of words did not differ between metastatic and non-metastatic disease. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the largest cohort of treatment plans where the word choices used by physicians are described to document prognosis to patients. The results indicate that single words or short phrases are commonly used to describe prognosis when the treatment plan is shared with patients. The data set has high potential for further study to better understand the role and impact of written treatment plans (including downstream events) to help physicians refine this documentation for better patient understanding of this important topic.

scholarly journals A community perspective on the concept of marine holobionts: current status, challenges, and future directions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon M Dittami ◽  
Enrique Arboleda ◽  
Jean-Christophe Auguet ◽  
Arite Bigalke ◽  
Enora Briand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Stable Relationship ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
Experimental Model Systems

Host-microbe interactions play crucial roles in marine ecosystems, but we still have very little understanding of the mechanisms that govern these relationships, the evolutionary processes that shape them, and their ecological consequences. The holobiont concept is a renewed paradigm in biology that can help to describe and understand these complex systems. It posits that a host and its associated microbiota, living together in a stable relationship, form the holobiont, and have to be studied together as a coherent biological and functional unit to understand its biology, ecology, and evolution. Here we discuss critical concepts and opportunities in marine holobiont research and identify key challenges in the field. We highlight the potential economic, sociological, and environmental impacts of the holobiont concept in marine biological, evolutionary, and environmental sciences with comparisons to terrestrial sciences where appropriate. Given the connectivity and the unexplored biodiversity specific to marine ecosystems, a deeper understanding of such complex systems requires further technological and conceptual advances, e.g. the development of controlled experimental model systems for holobionts from all major lineages and the modeling of (info)chemical-mediated interactions between organisms. The most significant challenge is to bridge cross-disciplinary research on tractable model systems in order to address key ecological and evolutionary questions. This will be crucial to decipher the roles of marine holobionts in biogeochemical cycles, but also developing concrete applications of the holobiont concept e.g. to increase yield or disease resistance in aquacultures or to protect and restore marine ecosystems through management projects.

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