scholarly journals Tactical Innovation to Incorporate Post-Consumer Expanded Polystyrene in Artisanal Chains for the Doping of Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 12963
Author(s):  
Nayeli Montalvo-Romero ◽  
Aarón Montiel-Rosales ◽  
Gregorio Fernández-Lambert ◽  
Fabiola Sánchez-Galván ◽  
Horacio Bautista-Santos
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Subjective Analysis ◽  
Contour Graph ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact

In its original manufacturing purpose, Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) is an industrial product with a short life cycle and waste with high negative environmental impact. Given this externality, this article contributes to the state of the art by proposing reuse EPS as a raw material valuable to the process of manufacturing hats in a Mexican company. The SCAMPER technique is used to formulate a hardener, which is optimized with a Taguchi design. Statistically, there is no difference between the quality of the conventional hardener and the mixture based on post-consumer EPS to make hats based on the standards defined by the company; a subjective analysis supported by the judgment of experts validates the quality of the hats. A contour graph and response surface reflect different combinations of solute and solvent to formulate the glue for the doping of the hat, with the same hardness results. This allows the artisan to assess the formulation from an economical point of view, as well as with respect to the arrangement of materials. These results specifically propose the sustainable alternative of integrating waste from the post–consumer EPS chain into the artisanal hat value chain, and are replicable to other similar products.

scholarly journals The Virtual Observatory Data, Standards and Tools a technical - user point of view

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (S277) ◽  
pp. 224-229
Author(s):  
Christian Surace ◽  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Virtual Observatory ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Data Standards ◽  
Data Standardization ◽  
Observatory Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up

AbstractIn 2002 the International Virtual Observatory Alliance (IVOA) has been created in order to gather efforts on data standardization and dissemination. Since then, the virtual Observatory allowed to spread validated data all over the world and to use data from everywhere from earth. From the standards definitions to development of tools, developers have set up a technical infrastructure used by astronomers to easily search for data and make science with all available products, more tools and more confidence on the quality of data. The goal of this review is to present the state of the art of the VO data, standards and tools. This review focuses on basic astronomer's questions : what kind of data are accessible, how to deal with these data and how to use them.

scholarly journals The Quality of Horsemeat and Selected Methods of Improving the Properties of This Raw Material

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1672
Author(s):  
Renata Stanisławczyk ◽  
Mariusz Rudy ◽  
Stanisław Rudy
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Cooling Method ◽  
Brown Colour ◽  
Sweetish Taste ◽  
Quality Features

Horsemeat has a strictly defined group of consumers whose demand varies depending on the country or region. There is no tradition of consuming horsemeat in Poland. From a technological point of view, this raw material is as good as other types of meat. In the opinion of the consumer, compared to other species of animals, horsemeat is characterized by an intense red-brown colour and greater cohesiveness resulting from the type of muscle fibres. This meat has a sweetish taste due to the high carbohydrate content. The management of horsemeat often involves the use of modern freezing methods. Freezing horsemeat with the use of liquefied carbon dioxide is a method that increases its suitability for consumption as well as for export purposes in comparison with the traditional air-cooling method. To eliminate the unfavourable quality features of horsemeat, there are substances used to improve the functional and sensory properties of this meat. This paper discusses the research and development work carried out in the field of horsemeat quality and selected methods contributing to its improvement.

Thixoforming of Steel: A State of the Art from an Industrial Point of View

2008 ◽  
Vol 141-143 ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Cezard ◽  
T. Sourmail
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Forming Tools

Since the first research works in the end of 1980s on the semi-solid forming of steel, this process has presented a great interest and a real industrial potential. Several research teams, all over the world, have shown the feasibility of such a process. Working on the parameters which have an influence on the process, they pointed out the "technical locks" which must be overcome to allow industrialization of the process. A first and perhaps most important difficulty is the reliability of the forming tools in an industrial production context. Much work has therefore been devoted to identify ways to increase tools life. A second important point is the possibility to obtain sound microstructure and satisfactory mechanical properties. This paper is a state of the art review on the subject of the thixoforming of steel, restricted to forming of semi-solid reheated steel. Semi-solid forming process carried out after partial solidification are therefore not covered. The reader interested in such processes may refer to the review recently published by Hirt et al. [1]. The present review considers, in turn, the different steps of an hypothetical production line and their particular challenges, from the raw material to the final product.

scholarly journals Chondroitin sodium sulfate – impurities and standardization problems (literature review)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Е. L. Komarova ◽  
S. V. Chernova ◽  
K. V. Kasumova ◽  
M. S. Tabachnaya ◽  
L. V. Оvsyannikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Animal Tissue ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Technological Processing ◽  
Normative Documentation ◽  
Degree Of Purification

Modern research in the field of chondroitin sulfate chemical composition is considered. Clinical efficiency and safety are shown to depend on the nature and quality of the raw material used, ways of its technological processing and the degree of purification. The composition of chemical compounds (CC) variable is stated to represent the mixture of 2 main isomeric forms: chondroitin 4-sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate. In the animal tissue chondroitin 4-sulfate dominates, the content of which is 70 %; the content of chondroitin 6-sulfate is 30 %. The cartilages of sharks and other hydrobionts have got low content of chondroitin 4-sulfate (10 %) and chondroitin 6-sulfate 80 %. Complex polymeric structure and instability of CC composition make the problem of drug standardization on its basis complicated. The impurities encountered in substances are considered. The impurities are divided into several groups: related impurities, technological or mechanical ones uncharacteristic of CC. Comparative analysis of requirements for raw material from the point of view of normative documentation of different countries is carried out and their considerable difference is detected. It has been shown that for raising pharmacological activity the producer of drugs must take into account all the parameters of CC including the structural composition, molecular weight and presence of impurities.

scholarly journals Near Zero-Energy Buildings in Lebanon: The Use of Emerging Technologies and Passive Architecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Omar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Decision Supporting ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Zero Energy Buildings

Architecture always aims to find solutions for problems around the world. One of the major trends at present relates to energy consumption and climate change. Construction is responsible for 18% of CO2 emissions. However, continuing to use fuel as a main source of energy consumption for economic reasons, as it is the cheapest raw material and most easily available material for most of the Arab countries, results in a negative environmental impact on the quality of life in these countries. This paper investigates a new design concept and decision-supporting tools for zero-energy buildings. Based on critical thinking as a new mechanism to create a hierarchy of designing a building, the research presents the experience of the author in teaching architecture courses for postgraduates for five years (ARCH 662: Architecture Design and Decision-Supporting Tools and Arch 663: Advanced Sustainable Architecture). The result of this research could be new methodologies that help and guide the architect in creating more zero-energy buildings in their countries. In addition, the spread of knowledge in the future generation of architects in architecture schools will mean that new designers believe in protecting and taking care of their environment, which will increase awareness of environmental issues and improve the quality of life in these countries.

scholarly journals Chemical Analysis of Limestone of Bojhe, Halesi-Tuwachung Municipality, for Industrial Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Ram Bahadur Gharti ◽  
Dipak Kumar Hitan ◽  
Manoj Kumar Prasad ◽  
Hari Bhakta Oli
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Quantitative Chemical Analysis ◽  
Fish Ponds ◽  
Cement Production

Limestone is principal raw material for cement making industries. Chemical composition of limestone plays great role for making good quality cement. Production of good quality cement is of primary importance for the increment of the durability of infrastructure. Nepal is establishing large number of cement industries that uses limestone as raw materials and it is urgent to determine the quality of limestone. Quantitative Chemical analysis of one hundred forty three (143) limestone samples, collected by the channel sampling method, is carried out using gravimetric, titrimetric, and atomic absorption spectroscopic methods. The determined values of different parameters in percentages are as follows; loss on ignition (41.96385±0.670325), acid insoluble matter (2.412308±1.014588), Fe2O3 (0.263846±0.082249), Al2O3 (0.765385±1.656052), CaO (52.20538±1.656052) and MgO (3.018462±0.703886). The results indicated that most of the limestone samples are found to meet industrial raw material specifications for some industries. They can be used in the cement, agriculture (liming of soil and fish ponds) and metallurgical purification processes in the steel industry. Collected limestone samples meet the raw material specification of some industries. So establishment of such industries from a chemical point of view is feasible.

Application Management

2012 ◽  
pp. 1417-1426
Author(s):  
Marc-Oliver Kociemba
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
It Service ◽  
Application Management ◽  
Common Understanding

Quality is about meeting the stakeholder’s expectations: the subjective perception is often more important than hard facts. Therefore, a common understanding between all involved parties – especially business owners as well as service providers – concerning the quality of a service is mandatory. Application Management is defined as the concept and all required techniques to monitor, measure and record data for operating services. It has a significant impact on the quality of an IT service. Based on the so-called value chain – a phased approach starting with a business point of view followed by IT development and operation – necessary activities as well as quality indicators are identified and described for each step in the software development livecycle. The aspects of Application Management are illustrated by using a real world example of implementing an output management system within a bank.

Application Management

2011 ◽  
pp. 235-244
Author(s):  
Marc-Oliver Kociemba
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
It Service ◽  
Application Management ◽  
Common Understanding

Quality is about meeting the stakeholder‘s expectations: the subjective perception is often more important than hard facts. Therefore, a common understanding between all involved parties – especially business owners as well as service providers – concerning the quality of a service is mandatory. Application Management is defined as the concept and all required techniques to monitor, measure and record data for operating services. It has a significant impact on the quality of an IT service. Based on the so-called value chain – a phased approach starting with a business point of view followed by IT development and operation – necessary activities as well as quality indicators are identified and described for each step in the software development livecycle. The aspects of Application Management are illustrated by using a real world example of implementing an output management system within a bank.

scholarly journals Comparison of Surface Quality and Tool-Life of Glulam Window Elements after Planing

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Dobrzynski ◽  
Kazimierz A. Orlowski ◽  
Michal Biskup
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Solid Carbide ◽  
Surface Profiles ◽  
Wooden Surface

The quality of the surface of wooden elements, that have been planed, has a crucial importance in the whole production process, since the obtained effects affect the quality of wooden surface after finishing (painting). The occurrence of defects is usually the reason for qualifying a workpiece as scrap or for requiring additional work. This paper presents the selected results of research of the effect of the cutting tool wear on the surface quality of elements after planing. Research experiments were conducted on the SCM Superset Class machine tool. Glulam elements of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) were researched. The raw material samples (semi-finished products), 6 m long before planing, had been machined by suppliers also by planing. These workpieces were selected according to the plant requirements, e.g. their moisture content, straightness, and other defects. This paper presents the measuring results of surface roughness and some examples of surface profiles, as well as the dependence of total length of the planed elements on the type of blade material. From an economic point of view, the results showed that the use of solid carbide blades were more cost effective.

scholarly journals Compost Quality and Sanitation on Industrial Scale Composting of Municipal Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7525
Author(s):  
Ana B. Siles-Castellano ◽  
Juan A. López-González ◽  
Macarena M. Jurado ◽  
María J. Estrella-González ◽  
Francisca Suárez-Estrella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Green Waste ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Industrial Composting

Municipal solid waste and sewage sludge are produced in large quantities that are often managed through industrial composting treatment. Because of their origin, composition, and complexity, ensuring adequate stabilization of the organic matter, and sanitation of fecal contaminants during composting is of the utmost significance, and difficult to achieve on an industrial scale. In this study, the operations of six industrial composting facilities that process municipal solid waste and sewage sludge were evaluated from the point of view of the sanitation achieved and the quality of the compost produced. In addition, the results were compared using the model of industrial compost from green waste. Differences between the plants were ascribable to operations other than composting systems. High phytotoxicity and fecal contamination above legislation thresholds were found in compost produced from municipal solid waste. In contrast, compost from sewage sludge were more stable and mature than those produced from green waste, and also had an adequate level of sanitation. The raw material and operational factors are of great relevance to obtain a stable, mature, and pathogen-free compost.

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