scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Serbian Version of the Operational and Organizational Police Stress Questionnaires

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13662
Author(s):  
Filip Kukić ◽  
Dane Subošić ◽  
Katie M. Heinrich ◽  
Gianpiero Greco ◽  
Nenad Koropanovski
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Organizational Stress ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Serbian Version ◽  
The Republic

The Police Operational Stress Questionnaire (PSQ-Op) and Police Organizational Stress Questionnaire (PSQ-Org) have been used to assess operational and organizational sources of police officers’ occupational stress. Considering that different cultural and socio-economic environments could affect officers’ perception of operational and organizational stress, country specific psychometric properties and cut-off values should be defined. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Serbian version of the PSQ-Op and PSQ-Org (i.e., translated in Serbian and adjusted to Serbian culture) and to establish cut-off values for low, moderate and high stress. Methods: The PSQ-Op and PSQ-Org were administered to police officers through the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Serbia. Participants included 1220 police officers (19.0% female) who correctly completed both questionnaires. Cronbach’s α was used to determine the reliability of instruments. Cut-off values for low, moderate and high stress were defined based on the mean and standard deviation of the sample and using percentile analysis. Prevalence of low, moderate and high stress was calculated according to already established cut-off values as well as those calculated based on the study sample. Results: Both instruments showed high reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.963 [95% Confidence Interval = 0.957–0.964]). Occupational stress levels (low, moderate and high) were distributed differently (p < 0.001) when categorized according to the cut-off values defined in literature and cut-off values based on the study sample. The cut-off values by mean and standard deviation could be used for PSQ-Op, while cut-off values by percentile analysis could be used for PSQ-Org.

scholarly journals Occupational stress among female police officers in an urban setting in South Kerala

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Vivek S. ◽  
Rosin George Varghese ◽  
Neethumol K. S. ◽  
Sameena S. S. ◽  
Reju R. S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Organizational Stress ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Operational Stress ◽  
Female Police Officers ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Moderate Stress

Background: Occupational stress is regarded as one of the major health hazards of modern workplace, with policing (law enforcement) being no exception. Women police officers are gradually increasing in numbers in the country and they are believed to experience more stress than their male counterpart. Hence this study was conducted with the objectives of estimating prevalence of occupational stress among female police personals in terms of operational and organizational stress and to identify the causes for these stress as perceived by them.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 50 female police officers working in various police stations of Thiruvananthapuram city, selected by simple random sampling, during the period May 2018 to July 2018,using a pre tested semi structured questionnaire based on operational police stress questionnaire (PSQ-OP) and organizational police stress questionnaire (PSQ-ORG). The data was properly coded and entered in Microsoft excel and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0.Results: Mean age of the study population was 38.07 years (SD=5.714 years) and majority (64%) belonged to middle socioeconomic class. Perceived organizational and operational stress prevalence among the study population was as high as 80% (40 % experienced moderate stress and 40% experienced high stress) and 90% (high stress reported by 70 % and moderate stress by 20%) respectively. The most common stressor reported for organizational stress was staff shortage (74%) and that for operational stress was finding time to stay in good physical condition (76%).Conclusions: High prevalence of occupational stress calls for immediate attention from the officials.

scholarly journals On-the-job stress and challenges faced by police personnel of Bishnupur district in COVID-19 times

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipabali Nameirakpam ◽  
Sanasam Jupitar ◽  
Jalina Laishram ◽  
Christina Soubam ◽  
Brogen Singh Akoijam
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Police Personnel

Background: The pandemic has created unprecedented challenges for law enforcement agencies. Police officers are often directly or indirectly involved in the pandemic response and have a higher risk of getting the infection. Our study aims to assess on-the-job stress and challenges faced by the police personnel of Bishnupur district, Manipur, and to determine the factors associated with it.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the police personnel from December 2020 to January 2021. Occupational stress was measured using the Operational Police Stress Questionnaire and, a pre-tested questionnaire for coping mechanisms and attitude were used to collect data by interview method. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA. 73.2% of them have experienced moderate to high stress and the maximum was found among the Sub-inspectors (Mean score: 3.51±1.20). Stress was mostly due to not having enough time available to spend with friends and family (3.58±2.01), and work overtime (3.27±1.84). Police personnel agreed that there was an increased number of violent confrontations between the public and them while enforcing new regulations and restrictions. The majority of the participants have been accepting the reality of the fact that it has happened and learn to live with it as a coping mechanism.Conclusions: Occupational stress is high among the police personnel of Bishnupur District and it was significantly associated with age, marital status, social stigma, and willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine. There is a need for holistic support for their job satisfaction.

scholarly journals Job Stress, Burnout and Coping in Police Officers: Relationships and Psychometric Properties of the Organizational Police Stress Questionnaire

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Queirós ◽  
Fernando Passos ◽  
Ana Bártolo ◽  
Sara Faria ◽  
Sílvia Monteiro Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Organizational Stress ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Job Experience ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
And Coping

Policing is a stressful occupation, which impairs police officers’ physical/mental health and elicits burnout, aggressive behaviors and suicide. Resilience and coping facilitate the management of job stress policing, which can be operational or organizational. All these constructs are associated, and they must be assessed by instruments sensitive to policing idiosyncrasies. This study aims to identify operational and organizational stress, burnout, resilient coping and coping strategies among police officers, as well to analyze the psychometric properties of a Portuguese version of the Organizational Police Stress Questionnaire. A cross-sectional study, with online questionnaires, collected data of 1131 police officers. With principal components and confirmatory factor analysis, PSQ-org revealed adequate psychometric properties, despite the exclusion of four items, and revealed a structure with two factors (poor management and lack of resources, and responsibilities and burden). Considering cut-off points, 88.4% police officers presented high operational stress, 87.2% high organizational stress, 10.9% critical values for burnout and 53.8% low resilient coping, preferring task-orientated than emotion and avoidance coping. Some differences were found according to gender, age and job experience. Job stress and burnout correlated negatively with resilient coping, enthusiasm towards job and task-orientated coping. Results reinforce the importance to invest on police officers’ occupational health.

scholarly journals Identifying the dimensions of occupational stress by factor analysis among policemen in Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4505
Author(s):  
Arjun Loganathan ◽  
Perumal Kandasamy Govindarajan ◽  
John William Felix
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Health Related

Background: Stress can be defined as a physiological response to physical and mental demands. These stresses can negatively influence the performance and wellbeing of the employees. Police officers are a part of unique occupational population who are exposed various stressful conditions daily. This study attempts to explore factors influencing occupational stress faced by Policemen.Methods: The study was a cross sectional conducted among the policemen under three subdivisions of Villupuram, Tamilnadu. Operational police stress questionnaire was used to assess the stress levels with 20 statements which were then extracted into four dimensions by factor analysis.Results: By factor analysis stress was categorized into four factors or dimensions namely social and health related stress, time management stress, emotional stress and work-related stress.Conclusions: This study highlights that the major dimensions causing occupational stress among policemen which will form a framework for planning programs for stress management. 

scholarly journals Does Cardiorespiratory Fitness Moderate the Association between Occupational Stress, Cardiovascular Risk, and Mental Health in Police Officers?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2349 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Schilling ◽  
Flora Colledge ◽  
Sebastian Ludyga ◽  
Uwe Pühse ◽  
Serge Brand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
Fitness Levels

Background: Chronic exposure to occupational stress may lead to negative health consequences. Creating less stressful work environments and making employees physically and psychologically more resilient against stress are therefore two major public health concerns. This study examined whether cardiorespiratory fitness moderated the association between occupational stress, cardiovascular risk, and mental health. Methods: Stress was assessed via the Effort-Reward Imbalance and Job Demand-Control models in 201 police officers (36% women, Mage = 38.6 years). Higher levels of blood pressure, blood lipids, blood sugar, and unfavorable body composition were considered as cardiovascular risk factors. Burnout, insomnia and overall psychological distress were used as mental health indicators. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed with a submaximal bicycle test. Results: High cardiorespiratory fitness levels were associated with a reduced cardiometabolic risk, whereas high stress levels were associated with better mental health. Among participants who perceived a high Effort-Reward Imbalance, those with high fitness levels showed lower overall cardiovascular risk scores than their colleagues with low fitness levels. Conclusions: Work health programs for police officers should consider the early screening of burnout, sleep disturbances, and overall mental wellbeing. To increase cardiovascular health, including fitness tests in routine health checks and promoting physical activity to further increase cardiorespiratory fitness appears worthwhile.

Risk factors for occupational stress among Greek police officers

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros Galanis ◽  
Despoina Fragkou ◽  
Daphne Kaitelidou ◽  
Athena Kalokairinou ◽  
Theodoros A. Katsoulas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brief Cope

PurposeIn view of the absence of police stress research in Greece, the purpose of this paper is to measure occupational stress among police officers and to investigate occupational stress risk factors.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study with a convenience sample was conducted among 336 police officers in Athens, Greece. Data collection was performed during January to March 2018 and the response rate was 77.8 percent. Demographic characteristics, job characteristics, lifestyle factors and coping strategies were considered possible risk factors. The “Operational Police Stress Questionnaire” and the “Organizational Police Stress Questionnaire” were used to measure occupational stress, while the “Brief Cope” questionnaire was used to measure coping strategies.FindingsRegarding service operation, the most stressor events were personal relationships outside work, tiredness, bureaucracy, injury risk and lack of leisure for family and friends. Regarding service organization, the most stressor events were lack of personnel, inappropriate equipment, lack of meritocracy, lack of sources and inappropriate distribution of responsibilities in work. According to multivariate analysis, increased use of avoidance-focused coping strategy, and decreased sleeping, physical exercise and family/friends support were associated with increased occupational stress. Moreover, police officers who work out of office experienced more occupational stress than police officers who work in office.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in Greece addressing the risk factors for occupational stress among police officers. Modifiable occupational stress risk factors among police officers were found and should be carefully managed to decrease stress and improve mental health.

Sources and severity of stress in a Southwestern police department

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
K E Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Rank And Tenure

Abstract Background Policing is a stressful occupation. Most research examining police stress focuses solely on patrol officers, and often focuses on black and white officers only. Further, organizational sources of stress tend to be more important for police officers generally. Aims To explore sources and severity of stress in a predominately Hispanic, mid-sized, Southwestern police department. Methods A cross-sectional study of 147 police officers of all ranks was conducted. A modified version of the Police Stress Survey (PSS) was administered during daily briefings. Logistical regression models were utilized to examine predictors of stress based on gender, race/ethnicity, rank and tenure. Results Overall, occupational stressors proved more prominent than organizational stressors, contrary to previous research. Additionally, race/ethnicity was predictive of both total stress and occupational stress; rank was predictive of organizational stress; and tenure in law enforcement was predictive of occupational stress. Conclusions The sources of stress that impact police officers may be shifting as the climate surrounding law enforcement changes. What is stressful for officers depends on the race/ethnicity, rank and tenure of the officer within the organizational structure. Potential interventions designed to alleviate stress should be mindful of the variety of needs within any given department.

In or out of the group? Police subculture and occupational stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trina Rose ◽  
Prabha Unnithan
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Police Stress ◽  
Family Services ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
Mental Stressors

Purpose – Policing is associated with a pronounced occupational subculture. Policing is also known for physical and mental stressors that are, arguably, more than other professions. The purpose of this paper is to hypothesize that those police officers who perceive themselves as not a part of the subculture (i.e. “out-group”) would experience more occupational stress in comparison to those who perceive themselves as a part of it (i.e. “in-group”). Design/methodology/approach – The authors use data from the Work and Family Services for Law Enforcement Personnel in the US survey (Delprino, 1997) and OLS regression to assess the direct association between officers’ perceptions of policing subculture membership and occupational stress. Findings – Results support the hypothesis, with in-group officers reporting significantly less occupational stress than out-group officers. This finding holds, with slight variations, when demographic and experiential variables are introduced as controls. Research limitations/implications – Findings are from an earlier survey and based on responses from 1,632 officers in 51 agencies. They are geographically limited. Practical implications – The importance of the protective function of subculture needs to be taken into account when attempting to deal with police stress. Social implications – This study provides ideas on how departments can utilize occupational subcultures to deal with the stress experienced by members. Originality/value – The relationship between police subculture and stress has not been examined empirically before. This study documents the positive impact of police subculture in terms of helping members deal with stress.

The Impact of Social Support and Occupational Stress on Burnout in the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service

2021 ◽  
pp. 109861112110360
Author(s):  
Hyunin Baek ◽  
Sungil Han ◽  
Randy Seepersad
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Organizational Stress ◽  
Operational Stress ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Police officers experience very stressful working environments which may lead to a range of negative outcomes including burnout. Police officers in Caribbean countries are no exception as they face demanding work conditions. Despite this, studies have paid little attention to Caribbean policing. Using data from the eight police divisions in Trinidad (N = 331 police officers), this study examined the relationship among social support (supervisor, co-worker, and family), occupational stress (organizational and operational) and burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment). Path analysis was used to test the hypothesis that social support served to reduce occupational stress, which in turn led to reduced burnout. The results suggested that supervisor support reduced organizational stress, while co-worker and family support reduced operational stress. Organizational stress, in turn affected emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment, while operational stress affected emotional exhaustion and depersonalization.

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