scholarly journals Development Clusters for Small Places and Rural Development for Territorial Cohesion?

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Eduardo Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
Theoretical Overview

This article proposes an alternative policy development approach for territories encompassing rural areas with small urban settlements or ‘small places’, which normally suffer from lagging territorial development trends. The proposed ‘Development Clusters for Small Places’ approach draws on the potential of all places to further their development via municipal clustering, based on four analytic dimensions: (i) existing functional areas; (ii) similarities in economic circularity and specialisation; (iii) presence of ongoing territorial and governance cooperation processes; and (iv) spatial physical connectivity and accessibility. Besides a theoretical overview of this policy approach, the article analyses concrete examples of its potential implementation in two case studies: Alentejo in Portugal and Innlandet in Norway. The findings highlight the potential advantages of municipal clustering over current mainstream regional development rationales to implement endogenous rural development in a supra-municipal scale, thus increasing institutional thickness and policy influence towards a more territorial cohesive region.

scholarly journals Rural Business Hub: Framework for a New Rural Development Approach in Rain-Fed Areas of Pakistan—A Case of Punjab Province

SAGE Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401988513
Author(s):  
Irfan Ahmad Baig ◽  
Rai Niaz Ahmad ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad Baig ◽  
Asghar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Rural Finance ◽  
Sustainable Rural Development ◽  
Network Connection ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Skilled Manpower ◽  
Analysis Of Failures ◽  
Development Approach

The purpose of this article is to present a framework that could be used to achieve the objective of sustainable rural development in a community which is characterized by high numbers of smallholders, landless peasants, and unskilled or semi-skilled labor ultimately leading to low productivity and high rates of poverty. The study presents a design inspired by “Saemaul Undong” (New Village Movement) of South Korea. The proposed model is based on proposing a four-tier approach for the working of the village-level cooperatives which will be self-reliant through a network connection to the national and international markets. Existing studies and surveys in Punjab province of Pakistan have established that rural areas are often lacking essential facilities that affect the abilities of these areas to retain skilled manpower thus leading to resource drain and negatively impacting the agricultural productivity. The proposed Village-City Model, “VCM,” was designed to strengthen the local infrastructure and built interest-based cooperatives to develop an environment which can sustain the benefits of higher productivity and translate these into better livelihoods. It is proposed that farmer-centered cooperatives with appropriate institutional arrangements could result in developing village-based cities where skilled manpower can exert to in better resource use efficiency, access to market coupled with rural finance schemes to enhance resource base and access to technology. The cooperatives experience is considered as a bitter experience in Pakistan. However, the analysis of failures of cooperatives in Pakistan revealed many bottlenecks which have been addressed through indigenization of Saemaul Undong.

A NUTS 2 Level Cluster Analysis of EAFRD Submeasure 4.1 Implementation in Romania and Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Alexandru Sin ◽  
Czesław Nowak ◽  
Ion Burlacu
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Rural Economies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Level Cluster

Rural development is an important part of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union, as the Second Pillar of CAP, covering a wide range of actions, aimed at achieving a balanced territorial development of rural economies and communities. Previous studies highlighted significant similarities between Romania and Poland, regarding agricultural sector and rural areas. A k-mean cluster analysis was performed on Romanian and Polish NUTS2 regions, in order to identify common problems and examples of good practices. The analysis considered five clusters, built over a dataset of four variables: EAFRD investments in farms per capita, share of agricultural output in GDP, utilized agricultural area, and GDP per capita. Out of the five clusters, only one presented a balanced composition of Romanian and Polish regions, also representing a good example of attracting rural development funds where they're mostly needed.

scholarly journals Fertile Links? Connections between tourism activities, socioeconomic contexts and local development in European rural areas

2013 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Complex Interactions

In many European regions, rural areas are facing major challenges in economic and social terms, consequence of transformations in the role and meaning of agriculture. The loss of the productive character strongly contributed to the emergence of new roles and functions, particularly related to leisure and tourism. The book aims to discuss questions directly related to the connections between rural tourism and local socioeconomic contexts, presenting diverse theoretical and methodological perspectives and diff erent case studies from various European regions. The book addresses the relationships among rural tourism and the complex interactions, confl icts and innovative processes developing in rural territories as consequence of the implementation of tourism activities. The book responds to some relevant and not yet comprehensively researched aspects within this topic, especially in what extent tourism, in its various forms and processes, might give an important contribution to rural development.

scholarly journals REGIONAL PROGRAMMING AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-61
Author(s):  
Tetyana KOLESNIK
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Regional Programs ◽  
State Regional ◽  
State Regional Policy

The article emphasizes the limited possibilities within a market mechanism for regulating externalities and providing citizens with public goods. Therefore, there is a necessity for state regulation of the economy and the related areas such as life of people and the use of natural resources. It is noted that regional programming is an important tool for such regulation (regarding sustainable development of various territories, in particular, rural ones). The purpose of the article is to find the scientific and practical ground for programming rural sustainable development in Ukraine by means of a series reforms. In the article, regional programming is considered as an important tool of state regional policy, which is implemented by using long-term strategies, plans and programs for development of territories or regions. It is noted that regional programs are a type of state target programs, which may be either complex or special considering content, and either short or medium or long-term in terms of implementation. Examples of complex (development of the Tennessee Valley in the USA) and special (sustainable development of rural areas of the EU) regional programs are shown in the article. The article suggests including suburbs and territories outside a city or town with private buildings to rural area. The author proves that sustainable development is a good decision for the territories as well as for other ones. For that purpose, it is important to harmonize the interaction of three components - the environment, society and economy. That is possible in case of achieving Pareto optimum, which does not allow increasing the effect of one of the components, without reducing the effect on other constituents. The features of regional programming of rural sustainable development are shown with the example of the regional program "Rural Development" development and implementation (hereinafter - the Program) based on presentation and scientific analysis of individual components of its conceptual scheme. The normative-legal support of the Program consists of documents of a methodological and informative nature. It is noted that the content of the Program should be based on the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On the Principles of State Regional Policy", the State Strategy for Regional Development up to 2020 (hereinafter - the Strategy) and other important documents. The strategy focuses on intensifying the endogenous potential of territories (regions), in particular, rural, rather than on their direct state support. At the same time, sustainable development of rural areas is directly related to the problems of territorial and political unity of Ukrainian regions. The author considers that significant impact on the implementation of the Program was made by adoption of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine the Resolution "Some Issues of National Strategy Implementation for Regional Development for the period up to 2020", dated September 12, 2018, which includes the concepts presented by Min Region of Ukraine. After having conducted a rigorous analysis of the Program the author concluded that, it is presented in a schematic form, and therefore requires in-depth scientific analysis, refinement and concretization, starting from the preconditions for its development and ending with the justification of corrections. It is shown that in order to solve the problems of sustainable development of rural areas in Ukraine; a dialectical approach is needed that involves coordinating the development trends of rural and urban areas. It is noted that this was reflected in the purpose of the Program. The objectives of the Program, in accordance with the Strategy, are set out in three directions: 1) diversification of entrepreneurship in the countryside; 2) improving the quality of life in rural areas; 3) creation of conditions for social development. It specifies the persons responsible for the implementation of the Program, outlines its geography and features of financing. The research says that since the Program is very important for the future of Ukraine, it is necessary to use not only EU grants but also financial resources from other sources envisaged by the legislation for its realization. One of the significant shortcomings of the Program is the lack of necessary pre-investment research. It is indicated that the most popular are studies aimed at justifying which regional development projects (in the direction of the Program) should be supported by the state. The importance of the most critical projects of the Program is foreseen: in its first direction - diversification of agricultural production, as well as development of alternative types of economic activities, organic farming and processing and service enterprises on the basis of cooperation; the second - creation (improvement) of conditions for returning youth in rural areas, improvement of engineering, informational and educational, social and ecological infrastructure of the countryside; the third - planning of rural development, development of partnership of business and government, activation of rural development on the basis of the received support. In each of the three areas, the author advises to set the expected results and indicators of the implementation of the Program, which is necessary for its adjustment, based on the possibilities of state support for individual projects.

scholarly journals Rural development in the Sertão do São Francisco, Bahia: an interpretation based on the trajectories of peasant families of the territory

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-102
Author(s):  
Denis Monteiro ◽  
Cezar Augusto Miranda Guedes
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Learning Networks ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Zero Hunger ◽  
Development Alternatives

This article addresses the trajectories of peasant families of the rural areas in the municipalities of Juazeiro, Casa Nova, Campo Alegre de Lourdes, and Remanso development, in the Sertão do São Francisco territory, semiarid Bahia, Brazil. It aims to interpret the processes of rural development in the territory based on the results of innovations incorporated by families from the interaction in learning networks mobilized by non-governmental organizations and access to a set of public policies. The Lume method was used to guide the economic and ecological analysis of agroecosystems. In its recent history, this territory was the beneficiary of several policies of tackling misery and hunger through Zero Hunger (Fome Zero) and Brazil without Extreme Poverty (Brasil sem Miséria) governmental programs, aimed at peasant farming. The incidence of extensive territorial development policies conducted by innovative institutionalities is another feature that called the attention of the research. A significant ensemble of innovations has been incorporated to the agroecosystems, to which contributed the public policies of the democratic period and, most importantly, the social capital of the territory resulted from the mobilization of the peasantry as well as from their partner organizations. The trajectories of analyzed families show how food production for self-consumption of the families, the reciprocity of give-and-take actions and the trading in a big diversity of local markets, while empowering the families’ struggle for autonomy, also contributes to summon social active strength for the construction of rural development alternatives aimed at both making peasant farming stronger and ensuring food sovereignty of the territory.

scholarly journals IS DIVERSIFICATION OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS STILL AN OPTION FOR INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT? EVIDENCE FROM SLOVENIA AND SAARLAND, GERMANY

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birte Nienaber ◽  
Irma Potočnik Slavič
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Member State ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Income Diversification ◽  
Farm Diversification ◽  
Integrated Rural Development

Abstract Multifunctionality of rural areas in Europe has become an important aspect of rural development in the last years. An important instrument to ameliorate the multifunctionality is diversification of farm income. As various forms of farm income diversification have been developed throughout Europe, the paper will survey the effectiveness of undertaken measures. First the issue of farm diversification will be argued theoretically. Then case studies from Saarland, Germany, and from Slovenia will analyse the importance of diversification for rural areas. A comparison of the two regions will reveal the chances and risks of diversification in a comparable new and old EU member state.

scholarly journals Integral rural development: Toward a more harmonious regional development

2010 ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veljko Radovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Village ◽  
Active Policy

The paper discusses the integral rural development and its importance for the policy of a more balanced regional development. Highly emphasized regional disproportions in almost all domains, as well as the long-standing lagging behind in the development of village and agriculture, resulted in faltering and stagnation of total development of the country. Overcoming, this problem calls for application of a more complex model of developmental policy for the village and rural society, which demand a multidisciplinary approach. Active policy and promotion of integral rural development is not only in the interest of rural communities, but of the society as a whole. This implies that investment in a wide range of economic branches in rural areas is of vital importance for increasing the attractiveness of rural areas, encouragement of sustainable development and creation of new possibilities for employment, especially of young educated people who are ready and capable to accept the new philosophy of development of these areas. Although rural areas in Serbia observed as a whole are highly heterogeneous with respect to economic development, according to the basic parameters of development degree, they lag behind urban and industrial centers considerably, and much more attention should be devoted to this phenomenon in the future.

scholarly journals Conceptualizing of Rural Settlements Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-21
Author(s):  
A. A. Satybaldin ◽  
A. T. Tleuberdinova ◽  
X. V. Kulik
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Wide Range

The problem of territorial development is quite relevant for countries that cause a wide range of development issues: a low level of quality of life, underdeveloped infrastructure, migration of the working-age population to urban areas, etc. countryside. Certain difficulties in the development of rural areas are currently characteristic of Kazakhstan, 41 percent of whose population lives in rural areas. In recent years, there has been a stable trend of the outflow of the rural population, mainly young people, to the cities. The main reason for this phenomenon is dissatisfaction with the living conditions in the countryside. Rural areas of the country are characterized by low incomes of the population, underdeveloped transport infrastructure, lack of many utilities, insufficient provision of social services (health, education, culture).This situation cannot but worry the country’s leadership, since it has a multi-vector impact on the socio-economic development of Kazakhstan: food self-sufficiency of the country’s regions, the export potential of the agricultural sector, and the balanced structure of the economy. In this connection, there is a need for a detailed solution of problems and the search for their ways, methods and mechanisms for achieving goals. According to the authors of the article, the proposed author’s model can become a basis for optimal development of the country.The authors analyzed the existing definitions of “development”, “rural areas”, “development of rural areas”, gave their own formulation of the definition of the development of rural areas. Based on the study of foreign experience, important aspects of rural development policy have been identified, the authors have proposed mechanisms by which rural development can be implemented.The article focuses on the importance of interaction between all stakeholders interested in the development of rural areas.The purpose of this article is to develop the author’s conceptual model for the development of rural areas based on a theoretical review of existing definitions.The results of the research - the author’s definition and the proposed conceptual model are of interest both for scientific research in this area and for practical programs for rural development.

scholarly journals Strategies For Improving Coordination Between The Public and Private Institutions For Agricultural and Rural Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Kaman Nainggolan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
People Participation ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>English<br /></strong>Agriculture/agribusiness plays a strategic role in labor absorption, capital formation, foreign exchange, providing food supply, and supply a market for domestically produced industrial goods. Globalization has suddenly changed the way leaders of nations in managing agriculture/agribusiness development. Many countries are more open, moving toward democracy. Through the impact of decentralization, the government is shifting from dominating development in the past to people participation. This implies that the private sector will play a more active role in agriculture/agribusiness and rural development. With the new vision, agriculture should not be seen as a separate sector (on-farm), but in a more broad way which is agribusiness consisting of all related activities from upstream to downstream agribusiness subsystem. Good governance is a prerequisite to encourage private institutions to participate in agriculture/agribusiness and rural development. Policy measures to improve coordination between public and private institutions includes: infrastructure development, development of seed industry, develop and strengthen agro-industry in rural areas, develop and strengthen market information, market restructuring and trade policy, development of the private sector, micro, small, and medium size enterprises, macroeconomic stability, land market deregulation, strengthening of governance, environment sustainability, and improving rural productivity. All of these measures must be transparent and communicated to all stakeholders in agriculture/agribusiness and rural development.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian<br /></strong>Sektor pertanian memiliki peranan yang strategis dalam penyerapan tenaga kerja, pembentukan kapital, penyediaan pangan, dan menyadiakan bahan baku untuk industri dalam negeri. Globalisasi secara serta merta talah merubah kebijakan pemimpin-pemimpin nasional dalam menangani pembangunan pertanian dan agribisnis. Berbagai negara menjadi lebih terbuka menuju ke arah demokrasi. Melalui dampak desentralisasi, pemerintah telah beralih dari sikap mendominasi di masa lalu menuju pada partisipasi masyarakat. Hal ini berimplikasi kepada semakin besarnya peran sektor swasta dalam pembangunan pertanian di pedesaan. Dengan visi baru ini, maka pertanian tidak lagi di pandang sebagai sektor yang terpisah-pisah, namun menjadi lebih luas, dimana mencakup aktivitas-aktivitas yang terkaIt mulai dari subsistem hulu sampai hilir. Pemerintahan yang baik dituntut untuk mendorong koordinasi antara institusi swasta dan publik mencakup: pengembangan infrastruktur, pengembangan industri benih, pengembangan dan penguatan agroindustri di pedesaan, pengembangan informasi pasar, merestruktur pasar dan kebijakan perdagangan, pengembangan sektor swasta, usaha mikro, kecil, menengah, stabilitas ekonomi makro, deregulasi pasar lahan, penguatan pemerintahan, keberlanjutan lingkungan, dan peningkatan produktivitas pedesan. Semua kebijakan ini mestilah dilakukan secara transparan dan dikomunikasikan kepada stakeholders yang terlibat dalam pembangunan pertanian dan pedesaan.</p>

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