scholarly journals Commoning Adaptive Heritage Reuse as a Driver of Social Innovation: Naples and the Scugnizzo Liberato Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Federica Fava
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Adaptive Reuse ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Successful Model ◽  
Urban Commons ◽  
The City ◽  
Desk Research

The adaptive reuse of cultural heritage assets is often problematic. What emerges is the urgency of a thoughtful negotiation between built forms and emerging needs and requests. In this view, a fruitful trajectory of development arises in commoning heritage by means of adaptive reuse. Hence, the purpose of this article is to investigate how community-led adaptive heritage re-use practices contribute to social innovation in terms of new successful model of urban governance, by providing a specific focus on innovative aspects that emerge in both heritage and planning sectors. Therefore, it also aims to improve the knowledge in the innovative power of heritage when conceptualized as performative practice. To this end, the paper presents the adaptation process of a former church complex located in Naples, today Scugnizzo Liberato, one of the bottom-up initiatives recognized by the Municipality of Naples as part of the urban commons network of the city. The research results are based on desk research, a literature review, and interviews with experts and activists, conducted as part of the OpenHeritage project (Horizon 2020). Initial evidence shows that profound citizen involvement throughout the whole heritage-making process might generate innovative perspectives in urban governance as well as conservation planning practice.

scholarly journals Democratising Smart Cities? Penta-Helix Multistakeholder Social Innovation Framework

Smart Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1145-1172
Author(s):  
Igor Calzada
Keyword(s):  
Social Innovation ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Quadruple Helix ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Social Models ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
The Social ◽  
Desk Research

The smart cities policy approach has been intensively implemented in European cities under the Horizon 2020 programme. However, these implementations not only reduce the interdependencies among stakeholders to technocratic Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) models, but also fail to question the identities of strategic stakeholders and how they prioritise their business/social models. These aspects are putting democracy at stake in smart cities. Therefore, this article aims to unfold and operationalise multistakeholders’ policy frameworks from the social innovation perspective by suggesting the ex-novo penta-helix framework—including public, private, academia, civic society, and social entrepreneurs/activists—to extend the triple and quadruple-helix frameworks. Based on fieldwork action research conducted from February 2017 to December 2018—triangulating desk research, 75 interviews, and three validation workshops—this article applies the penta-helix framework to map out five strategic dimensions related to (i) multistakeholder helix framework and (ii) the resulting business/social models comparatively in three follower cities of the H2020-Replicate project: Essen (Germany), Lausanne (Switzerland), and Nilüfer (Turkey). For each case study, the findings reveal: (i) a unique multistakeholder composition, (ii) diverse preferences on business/social models, (iii) a regular presence of the fifth helix as intermediaries, and (iv) the willingness to experiment with democratic arrangements beyond the hegemonic PPP.

scholarly journals ‘Assistance from A to Z’ as an Innovative Social Investment in Action. Evaluation of a Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Aldona Wiktorska-Święcka ◽  
Dorota Moroń
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Desk Research ◽  
Municipal Level

Abstract The aim of the article is to present a case study of the implementation of innovative social investment in the area of social inclusion. The case study analysed, namely the project Assistance from „A” to „Z” — Professional activation of homeless people from Wroclaw Circle St. Brother Albert Aid Society, refers to the social and vocational integration of homeless people at the municipal level in Poland. The authors hypothesize that innovative social investments are key to the success of the policy of social inclusion, which requires new, innovative ideas to empower people at risk of exclusion. The article uses the case study method and the method of desk research, in which an analysis of the strategy documents, source materials and activities was carried out. The results were subjected to critical analysis, using the achievements of research in the field of social investment, social innovation and social inclusion policy. The paper is the result of partial studies carried out within the framework of the research project Innovative Social Investment: Strengthening communities in Europe (InnoSI), financed by the EU Research and Innovation programme Horizon 2020. As a result, one has to consider the question “What works?”. The analysis showed the accompaniment method to be the most effective tool in the project’s actions and one which may be disseminated as a recommendation for social investment. The question “How?” brought evidence that the existing set of activities and their sequence (integrity and complexity) was appropriate, necessary and effective from the perspective of beneficiaries, the Wroclaw Circle St. Brother Albert Aid Society and stakeholders. Considering the question “In what circumstances?”, the key element was related to the leadership offered by the Wroclaw Circle St. Brother Albert Aid Society, which was running the implementation of the project. As a conclusion, one can formulate the cautious thesis that the outcomes can to some extent be generalized, particularly at the level of other local entities in Poland or in other countries/regions of Central and Eastern Europe, which have a similar welfare model (e.g. the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia).

scholarly journals Designing the Sustainable Adaptive Reuse of Industrial Heritage to Enhance the Local Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania De Gregorio ◽  
Mariangela De Vita ◽  
Pierluigi De Berardinis ◽  
Luis Palmero ◽  
Alessandra Risdonne
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Reuse ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Industrial Heritage ◽  
Architectural Characteristics ◽  
The City

Since the European Year of Cultural Heritage, adaptive reuse is considered a strategy for intervention on historical buildings and territories to preserve and enhance artifacts, cities, and communities. Adaptive reuse can also generate social and economic benefits. This work looks at adaptive reuse in the context of industrial heritage, which represents an excellent test benchmark because of its intrinsic architectural characteristics and its localization in the city suburbs. The paper puts forward a methodological approach, verified through the application to a case study, which analyzes both the local context and the building. This study concludes using the data obtained to define an adaptive reuse project with positive repercussions for the community, the environment, and the local economy.

scholarly journals The City as a License. Implications of Blockchain and Distributed Ledgers for Urban Governance

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inte Gloerich ◽  
Martijn De Waal ◽  
Gabriele Ferri ◽  
Nazli Cila ◽  
Tara Karpinski
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Rights Management ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Urban Commons ◽  
The City

Distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) such as blockchain have in recent years been presented as a new general-purpose technology that could underlie many aspects of social and economic life, including civics and urban governance. In an urban context, over the past few years, a number of actors have started to explore the application of distributed ledgers in amongst others smart city services as well as in blockchain for good and urban commons-projects. DLTs could become the administrative backbones of such projects, as the technology can be set-up as an administration, management and allocation tool for urban resources. With the addition of smart contracts, DLTs can further automate the processing of data and execution of decisions in urban resource management through algorithmic governance. This means that the technological set-up and design of such DLT based systems could have large implications for the ways urban resources are governed. Positive contributions are expected to be made toward (local) democracy, transparent governance, decentralization, and citizen empowerment. We argue that to fully scrutinize the implications for urban governance, a critical analysis of distributed ledger technologies is necessary. In this contribution, we explore the lens of “the city as a license” for such a critical analysis. Through this lens, the city is framed as a “rights-management-system,” operated through DLT technology. Building upon Lefebvrian a right to the city-discourses, such an approach allows to ask important questions about the implications of DLTs for the democratic governance of cities in an open, inclusive urban culture. Through a technological exploration combined with a speculative approach, and guided by our interest in the rights management and agency that blockchains have been claimed to provide to their users, we trace six important issues: quantification; blockchain as a normative apparatus; the complicated relationship between transparency and accountability; the centralizing forces that act on blockchains; the degrees to which algorithmic rules can embed democratic law-making and enforcing; and finally, the limits of blockchain's trustlessness.

Teritoriální marketing v inovativních městech: Případová studie města graz

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktorie Klímová ◽  
Lucie Herbočková
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Large City ◽  
City Marketing ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Main Target ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
The City ◽  
Desk Research

The paper deals with the issue of city marketing. By its nature, this topic is gaining importance worldwide, especially in the practical sphere. The aim of the article is to demonstrate the implementation of marketing activities on the example of a large city, which is considered modern, open, environmentally friendly, and at the same time well-developed. The city of Graz in Austria was chosen for this case study. For this purpose, in-depth desk research was carried out. The city of Graz does not have an explicitly defined marketing strategy, but how it wants to present itself can be deduced from the Smart city strategy. The implementation of marketing activities is entrusted primarily to the municipal company Holding Graz. The main target groups include visitors, residents and businesses. Most of the marketing activities relate to the promotion of the inner city. Graz uses modern marketing tools such as websites, social networks, influencers and events. The city company MCG Graz focuses on organizing events at seven different locations in Graz.

Identifying path-breaking transitions for Kenya’s marginalised communities in water and sanitation provision

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-699
Author(s):  
Wairimu Maina ◽  
Andre van Graan
Keyword(s):  
Pathway Analysis ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Purpose This paper aims to illustrate relationships between stakeholders in the conceptualisation and implementation of water and sanitation services (WSS) projects in marginalised settings of Nairobi and Kiambu Counties. It outlines these relationships in a flow diagram that shows a pathway analysis in which social innovation strategies are used as markers in the program of inclusive water provision. The study’s objective is to map the processes of social innovation in an effort to highlight the role of marginalised communities in their access to the right to water. Design/methodology/approach The paper approached the study using a case study design, and thereafter, constructivist grounded theory was used to further delve into the comparative cases. To map the processes of social innovation, the case study design was seen to be appropriate, as it sequenced activities in a time-series analysis. From these two case studies, four comparative cases were used to pinpoint path-breaking transition in the pathway analysis. The methods used in both phases were, namely, in-depth interviews, observations and document analysis, and these were complemented by field notes. Findings The paper indicates an opportunity to use emergent patterns for a more context-specific analysis of WSS projects in marginalised communities. It advances the role of marginalised communities as vital stakeholders in the approach described as “the right to the city”. The model of spatial appropriation brings to the fore the binary yet separate processes that stakeholders engage in. Research limitations/implications Owing to the use of a grounded theory model, the results may not be transferable to other contexts. Therefore, further testing of the proposed pathway analysis and model is encouraged, as this model suggests ways of ensuring full community engagement which would result in greater success in projects involving marginalised communities. Practical implications The paper has implications for both the government and communities, in that more deliberate roles for the community-based organisation in the conceptualisation of WSS projects can lead to social learning opportunities for government institutions and greater success in implementation. Originality/value The paper justifies the need for government institutions to map and evaluate WSS projects using emergent patterns to highlight the role of marginalised communities as their right to the city.

scholarly journals Assessing Cultural Heritage Adaptive Reuse Practices: Multi-Scale Challenges and Solutions in Rijeka

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3603
Author(s):  
Nadia Pintossi ◽  
Deniz Ikiz Kaya ◽  
Ana Pereira Roders
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Adaptive Reuse ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The City

Cultural heritage is recognized as a driver and enabler for sustainable development, and its role within the circular economy and circular cities is gaining attention. Its adaptive reuse plays a significant role in this while prolonging the heritage lifespan, preserving the values associated with heritage assets, and creating shared values. The adoption and implementation of the adaptive reuse of cultural heritage practices present challenges at multiple levels. This research aims to identify these challenges and propose solutions to overcome them, considering the post-industrial port city of Rijeka, Croatia, as a case study. The adaptive reuse of cultural heritage practices was assessed through a stakeholder engagement workshop performing a multi-scale analysis using the Historic Urban Landscape approach as an assessment framework. Forty-nine themes were identified by content analysis of the challenges and solutions identified by stakeholders involved in adaptive reuse practices and decision-making in the city. The five most mentioned themes refer to aspects relating to participation, capacity, regulatory systems, economics-finance, and knowledge. These findings provide evidence of challenges for policy- and decision-makers to be addressed in policy-making. Solutions are also suggested to facilitate the adaptive reuse of cultural heritage in the city of Rijeka and similar contexts, such as introducing policies to support participatory decision-making whose absence is a barrier.

scholarly journals Street markets, urban development and immigrant entrepreneurship: Unpacking precarity in Moore Street, Dublin

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802110409
Author(s):  
Cristín Blennerhassett ◽  
Niamh Moore-Cherry ◽  
Christine Bonnin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The City ◽  
Regulatory Landscapes

Traditional markets represent vital spaces of opportunity for livelihood-building, intercultural contact and for developing familiarity with the city. Yet, worldwide, markets are under pressure due to redevelopment agendas driven by neoliberalised forms of urban governance. Although precarious sites of occupation and employment, markets still maintain an attractiveness for immigrant micro-entrepreneurs as a foothold into the labour market and urban economy. Through a case study of the historic Moore Street market in central Dublin (Ireland), we explore the experiences of immigrant entrepreneurs. While these may be different in terms of their familiarity with the urban, institutional and regulatory landscapes, they are not entirely dissimilar from the experiences of longer-term traders in Moore Street. However what is evident is how precarity is tactically exploited by newcomer entrepreneurs for particular reasons. These traders prize the autonomy brought by market trading and use it as a meso-scale between low-paid waged employment and higher-level employment that may be out of reach for a variety of reasons. We argue that in examining urban precarity, increased attention should be paid to exploring the context-specific nature of the processes that give rise to it as well as the agentic capacity exercised to exploit it even within structural constraints.

Extreme municipal fiscal stress and austerity? A case study of fiscal reform after Chapter 9 bankruptcy

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-538
Author(s):  
Mark Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Fiscal Stress ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Urban Restructuring ◽  
Managing Risk ◽  
The City

Post-recession urban restructuring in the U.S. has involved national and state governments pushing budget problems to the local level, with municipalities implementing a variety of responsive reforms. Although the term “austerity” has often been used to characterize these reforms, others have argued municipal responses to fiscal stress have been largely “pragmatic”. Disagreement therefore exists about the extent to which austerity is a post-recession tendency across U.S. urban governance. However, there is a consensus that extreme municipal fiscal stress is linked to austerity restructuring. But can cities who have experienced extreme fiscal stress avoid austerity restructuring? This paper draws on research that examined bankruptcy-related reform in the City of Vallejo, California. In 2008, Vallejo became the first municipality to file for Chapter 9 bankruptcy after the financial crisis. During and after its bankruptcy, the City has faced extreme budget problems, making it a prime candidate for austerity restructuring. However, research shows that Vallejo undertook a set of post-bankruptcy reforms—controlling labor costs, revenue raising, managing risk, participatory budgeting—that are not collectively characteristic of austerity or pragmatism. In conclusion, the paper reflects on the political and ideological factors that shaped Vallejo’s post-recession restructuring and how the City’s core fiscal problems have avoided resolution.

The impact of political dualism on urban governance in Swaziland: A case study of Moneni in the city of Manzini

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-529
Author(s):  
Mfaniseni F. Sihlongonyane ◽  
Hloniphile Simelane
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City
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