scholarly journals Street markets, urban development and immigrant entrepreneurship: Unpacking precarity in Moore Street, Dublin

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802110409
Author(s):  
Cristín Blennerhassett ◽  
Niamh Moore-Cherry ◽  
Christine Bonnin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The City ◽  
Regulatory Landscapes

Traditional markets represent vital spaces of opportunity for livelihood-building, intercultural contact and for developing familiarity with the city. Yet, worldwide, markets are under pressure due to redevelopment agendas driven by neoliberalised forms of urban governance. Although precarious sites of occupation and employment, markets still maintain an attractiveness for immigrant micro-entrepreneurs as a foothold into the labour market and urban economy. Through a case study of the historic Moore Street market in central Dublin (Ireland), we explore the experiences of immigrant entrepreneurs. While these may be different in terms of their familiarity with the urban, institutional and regulatory landscapes, they are not entirely dissimilar from the experiences of longer-term traders in Moore Street. However what is evident is how precarity is tactically exploited by newcomer entrepreneurs for particular reasons. These traders prize the autonomy brought by market trading and use it as a meso-scale between low-paid waged employment and higher-level employment that may be out of reach for a variety of reasons. We argue that in examining urban precarity, increased attention should be paid to exploring the context-specific nature of the processes that give rise to it as well as the agentic capacity exercised to exploit it even within structural constraints.

scholarly journals Serving whom? Immigrant entrepreneurs in a new local context

2019 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Lilius ◽  
Hossam Hewidy
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Immigrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Visible Part ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

In Helsinki, the current number of immigrants is quickly rising. Ethnic retail has emerged as a new, but visible, part of the city landscape. Compared to other European countries, becoming an entrepreneur is typically not very popular in Finland. Therefore, in this paper, we seek to comprehend this phenomenon and more specifically discover: what motivates immigrants to become entrepreneurs; what is the impact of their background and culture on the phenomenon; and finally, is the help provided by the city useful for them? Based on interviews and observations, we conclude that immigrant entrepreneurship facilitates in fluid ways the maintenance of cultural practices, while simultaneously enhancing meaningful encounters between immigrants and mainstream society. In our sample, we identify three types of entrepreneurs: growth-oriented, investors and status builders, as well as freedom and stability seekers. Although the groups are neither mutually exclusive nor collectively exhaustive, they display differences in certain aspects, which include their ways of entering into entrepreneurship, how their business is run, who their main clientele is, as well as in the future prospects for their businesses. We further infer that immigrant entrepreneurs, via their practices, also participate in making immigrant needs visible to politicians and policy-makers, thus also adding a layer to the local context within which they operate. However, we surmise that more effort is needed in addressing the freedom and stability seeker entrepreneurs if the aim of the city is to anchor immigrant retail in the city.

scholarly journals Suitability of Eye Tracking in Assessing the Visual Perception of Architecture—A Case Study Concerning Selected Projects Located in Cologne

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Lisińska-Kuśnierz ◽  
Michał Krupa
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Context Specific

This article discusses the visual perception of selected buildings located in the historic centre of Cologne, Germany, that have been designed by outstanding architects. It presents eye-tracking research, both from a theoretical perspective and that of its application potential in, among other fields, psychology, management, architecture and urban planning. It also presents an experiment which was performed to evaluate the suitability of eye tracking in the assessment of the visual perception of architecture and its surroundings, utilising the case study method and members of Generation Z as the subject population. Analysis of the experiment’s results enabled the authors to formulate commentary on findings concerning typically observed attractors and distractors in the perception of architecture and its surroundings depending on context-specific conditions. The study provided evidence of the suitability of eye tracking in the assessment of the visual perception of works of architecture and indicated the possibility of continuing research concerning the assessment and shaping of the state of awareness and knowledge of architecture and urban planning, which can significantly affect public participation in urban governance.

Extreme municipal fiscal stress and austerity? A case study of fiscal reform after Chapter 9 bankruptcy

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-538
Author(s):  
Mark Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Fiscal Stress ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Urban Restructuring ◽  
Managing Risk ◽  
The City

Post-recession urban restructuring in the U.S. has involved national and state governments pushing budget problems to the local level, with municipalities implementing a variety of responsive reforms. Although the term “austerity” has often been used to characterize these reforms, others have argued municipal responses to fiscal stress have been largely “pragmatic”. Disagreement therefore exists about the extent to which austerity is a post-recession tendency across U.S. urban governance. However, there is a consensus that extreme municipal fiscal stress is linked to austerity restructuring. But can cities who have experienced extreme fiscal stress avoid austerity restructuring? This paper draws on research that examined bankruptcy-related reform in the City of Vallejo, California. In 2008, Vallejo became the first municipality to file for Chapter 9 bankruptcy after the financial crisis. During and after its bankruptcy, the City has faced extreme budget problems, making it a prime candidate for austerity restructuring. However, research shows that Vallejo undertook a set of post-bankruptcy reforms—controlling labor costs, revenue raising, managing risk, participatory budgeting—that are not collectively characteristic of austerity or pragmatism. In conclusion, the paper reflects on the political and ideological factors that shaped Vallejo’s post-recession restructuring and how the City’s core fiscal problems have avoided resolution.

The impact of political dualism on urban governance in Swaziland: A case study of Moneni in the city of Manzini

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-529
Author(s):  
Mfaniseni F. Sihlongonyane ◽  
Hloniphile Simelane
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Contextually rich sustainability assessment for supporting local urban governance - connecting indicators to institutions and controversies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pekka Halla ◽  
Albert Merino-Saum ◽  
Claudia R. Binder
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Assessment Approach ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Governance Processes ◽  
The City

The concept of urban sustainability is growing in urgency and salience for local urban governance, and indicator-based assessments represent a popular means for its operationalization. While much effort has been spent developing the technical aspects of these assessments, less attention has been given to research concerning their potential for influencing real-world urban governance processes. To address this issue, we put forward an assessment approach that systematically embeds the assessed indicators within their social and institutional contexts, thereby aiming to enhance the relevance of the assessment for local governance. Specifically, the contextual embedding is achieved through the analysis of ongoing controversies related to the assessed problem. We apply the approach to an assessment of the City of Geneva’s (Switzerland) housing system. As the case study demonstrates, the proposed assessment approach can elucidate a richer picture of the challenges identified in the assessment than a typical quantitative-only analysis of indicators. Therefore, it offers more complete support to local governance stakeholders for learning about and acting upon the problem under assessment. Overall, the work reported in this article aims to contribute to a productive alliance between sustainability assessment methodologies and urban governance stakeholders, thereby leading to more informed steering of cities towards sustainability.

scholarly journals Cidade e Natureza: uma especificidade no modo de vida amazônida

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleide De Souza ◽  
Voyner Ravena-Cañete
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The City

Este trabalho descreve o cotidiano dos moradores da cidade de Tapauá/AM em seus afazeres relacionados ao uso dos recursos naturais. Enfoca o modo de vida, demonstrando a prática de ruralidade vivenciada no espaço urbano que constitui a cidade e a interação permanente destes com o meio rural. O método utilizado consiste em um estudo de caso. Esta escolha se deve pela necessidade de estudar com profundidade as singularidades que abrange Tapauá. A cidade expressa uma diversidade e complexidade no contexto socioambiental própria da Amazônia brasileira, podendo ser descrita como um mosaico de realidades, que refletem na configuração urbana um modo de vida rural. Esta particularidade se acentua em decorrência do bioma de várzea e ocupação do territorial, dentre outros.Palavras-chave: Amazônia. Cidade. Urbano. Rural. Modos de vida.City and nature: a specific nature no way of life amazonianAbstractThis paper describes the daily lives of residents of Tapauá / AM in their duties related to the use of natural resources. Focuses on the way of life, showing the practice of rurality lived in urban areas which constitutes the city and the permanent interaction of these with rural areas. The method used consists of a case study. This choice is due to the need to study in depth the singularities covering Tapauá. The city expresses a diversity and complexity in their own social and environmental context of the Brazilian Amazon, and can be described as a mosaic of realities that reflect the urban build a rural way of life. This feature is enhanced due to the biome of floodplain and occupation of land, among others.Keywords: Amazon. City. Urban. Rural. Livelihoods.  

scholarly journals Commoning Adaptive Heritage Reuse as a Driver of Social Innovation: Naples and the Scugnizzo Liberato Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Federica Fava
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Adaptive Reuse ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Successful Model ◽  
Urban Commons ◽  
The City ◽  
Desk Research

The adaptive reuse of cultural heritage assets is often problematic. What emerges is the urgency of a thoughtful negotiation between built forms and emerging needs and requests. In this view, a fruitful trajectory of development arises in commoning heritage by means of adaptive reuse. Hence, the purpose of this article is to investigate how community-led adaptive heritage re-use practices contribute to social innovation in terms of new successful model of urban governance, by providing a specific focus on innovative aspects that emerge in both heritage and planning sectors. Therefore, it also aims to improve the knowledge in the innovative power of heritage when conceptualized as performative practice. To this end, the paper presents the adaptation process of a former church complex located in Naples, today Scugnizzo Liberato, one of the bottom-up initiatives recognized by the Municipality of Naples as part of the urban commons network of the city. The research results are based on desk research, a literature review, and interviews with experts and activists, conducted as part of the OpenHeritage project (Horizon 2020). Initial evidence shows that profound citizen involvement throughout the whole heritage-making process might generate innovative perspectives in urban governance as well as conservation planning practice.

Study of Interior Materials as Passive Fire Protection in Karaoke Building (Case Study: Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Saras Ayu Faradita ◽  
Vinky Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Passive Protection ◽  
Fire Incident ◽  
Fire Disaster ◽  
Passive Fire Protection ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
The City

The fire incident in karaoke buildings in Indonesia which claimed many lives has occurred several times. According to the National Academy of Science US, the smoke toxins that come out of the fire disaster cause 50-80% of deaths. Refers to the data, it is necessary to check further about the building material response to fire during a fire incident. Masterpiece Signature Karaoke is a karaoke building that classified as large and magnificent in the city of Medan which has various material so that it is necessary to study the interior material as passive fire protection. The purpose is to find out how to assess the reliability of fire passive protection regard to the interior materials and recommendations or descriptions of right interior material planning using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This method is efficacious to solve the problem of reliability in using interior materials as passive fire protection in Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan building with the results of an Adequate Level of reliability. Then, design recommendations were given for the use of interior materials in karaoke building to improve the reliability results to be better.The results are useful as information for other researchers and karaoke buildings regarding passive fire protection systems at the Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan.

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